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Why not edit medieval account books digitally?
Georg Vogeler<[email protected]>
http://www.i-d-e.de http://informationsmodellierung.uni-graz.at
International Conference: Financial Aspects of Medieval Economy – 17.-19-10.2013, Prague
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Printed edition
e.g. Claudine Moulin, Michel Pauly: Die Rechnungsbücher der Stadt Luxemburg, 2006ff."Detailed documentation of the original text"
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Accounts are tables
BayHStA KL Freising 69, ed. Bizjak 2005, S. 1
Printed editions
R. Knipping: Kölner Stadtrechnungen 1897/8
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Digital edition?
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Digital edition?
<http:www.castellanie.net>
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Digital editing
… isn't restricted to one interpretation:It can represent the account book• visually• its language• its content• its process of productionin one resource
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Styrian Marchfutterurbar 1414/1426
ed. v. Matthias Perstling< http://hfi.uni-graz.at/mfu/>
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Multiple layers of inscription
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Medieval Accountbooks of the Teutonic Order around 1400
ed. by Jürgen Sarnowsky, Christina Link et al.<http://www.schuredo.uni-hamburg.de/content/below/index.xml>
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Content
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Compte de Girard de Grandmont, châtelain de Bâgé, 3.11.1345Ed. by Marjorie Burghardthttp://burghart.online.fr/xml/
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Fontes Civitatis Ratisponensis: StadtA Regensburg Cameralia 3
By Heidrun Boshof <http://www.fcr-online.com>
Edition with• Transcription• Images• Structural representation
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„calculation oriented" editionThe Alcalá account book: Royal Irish college of Saint George the Martyr (1649-1785)
<http://archives.forasfeasa.ie/>
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Why calculation oriented digital edition isn't standard?
1. Digital scholarly editing was first studies as a solution for complex textual tradition.
2. Scholarly editing is considered primarily as a philologic task.
3. The de-facto-standard (i.e. the guidelines of the TEI) has drawbacks if to be used for account books.
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Edition and proto-editionComédie-Française Register Project <http://mit.edu/hyperstudio/cfr/>
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"De-facto standard" TEI:
• TEI (Text Encoding Initiative)Modules for – transcription– Critical apparatus– Text-image-linking
• No model for accounts:– Only tei:measure(@commodity, @unit, @value,
@type)– no encoding of a transaction (involving persons, a
date, the object, the price and the final amount)
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Alternative standards?
• OFX/IFX (Open Financial eXchange / Interactive Financial eXchange,)
• ebXML (Electronic Business XML)• XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting
Language) with taxonomies– E.g. XBRL Global Ledger
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"bookkeeping"
• entry– bk:entry [gl-cor:entryDetail]– bk:amount(quantity, unit) [gl-cor:amount]– bk:i/bk:d [gl-cor:signOfAmount]– bk:account [gl-cor:account]– bk:debitCredit [gl-cor:debitCreditCode]
• price– bk:price(tei:measure[1], tei:measure[2])
• Transactions (Syd Baumann, Kathryn Tomasek)– bk:transaction(bk:transfer(from, to, where, when, what)*)
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Testing the model
• BayHStA Staatsverwaltung 1378:Account book of the Vitztums of Straubing Peter of Eck, 1335(ed. Vogeler 1999)
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
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Testing the modell
• Transcription in TEI• Add an accounting taxonomy• Script the conversion of text transcription into
stricter forms:– In tabular form– Calculating subsets– Represent the data in RDF– …
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
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example
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
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Text and calculation
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Detailed transcription
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Text selection
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Spreadsheet
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http://www.i-d-e.de http://informationsmodellierung.uni-graz.at
Why not editing medieval account books digitally?
Yes, why not?
Let's create a tradition of digital edition of accounts in which the computer can do what he can do best:
computare
Thanks for your attention! Georg Vogeler
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