![Page 1: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Your Body Systems
Chapter 5
![Page 2: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you
name?
![Page 3: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Body Organization
• Human Body – Complex Machine
• City ( Buildings, transportation systems, Electrical energy)
• Working together – Each part has role to play – Contributes to the function of the other parts
of the body
– ** What happens to the body when a part is not functioning properly?
![Page 4: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cells
• Simplest and most basic units of life• Human Body vs. Bacteria• Nucleus – “brain” of cell – Largest organelle of the cell – Contains the DNA
![Page 5: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Tissues
• A group of cells that are similar & work together to perform a specific function
• 4 Types of Main Body Tissue : – Epithelial ( Boundary) • Protects body from moisture loss, bacteria,
internal injury
–Muscle ( movement) – Connective Tissue ( Support & Structure) – Nervous Tissue ( Messaging System)
![Page 7: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Body Tissue
![Page 8: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Organ
• Two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function
![Page 9: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Organs
• How many organs are in the human body? – 78
• Which organ is the largest?– Skin
• What is the major organ of the body?– Brain
• Other organs of the body – http://www.organsofthebody.com/
![Page 10: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Body System
• A group of organs that work together for one purpose
• Your Body Systems: – Nervous System – Endocrine System – Skeletal System – Muscular System – Digestive System – Urinary System – Circulatory System – Respiratory System
![Page 11: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Body System Function
Nervous System Controls & coordinates activities of the body systems
Endocrine System Helps nervous system control and coordinate activities of the body; helps regulate growth
Skeletal System Provides a framework to support and protect the body
Muscular System Works with the skeletal system to cause movement
Digestive System Breaks down foods into simpler substances; transfers nutrients into the blood; eliminates solid waste products so they can be eliminated from the body; protects the body from disease
Circulatory System Transports and distributes gases, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body; collects and transports waste products so they can be eliminated from the body; protects body from disease
Respiratory System Exchanges oxygen from the environment and carbon dioxide from the body
Urinary System Filters liquid waste products from the blood and eliminates them from the body
![Page 12: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Body Systems Work Together
• Each system has a different function–Work together and help on another
• Body systems depend on one another – Perform their functions properly
• When working properly – The body stays alive and is healthy
![Page 13: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CELL ORGANIZATION POSTER HANDOUT
![Page 14: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
BELLRINGER : ARE PEOPLE WITH BIGGER
BRAINS SMARTER THAN PEOPLE WITH SMALLER
BRAINS?
![Page 15: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Nervous System
• Body system that gathers and interprets information about the body’s internal & external environments and responds to that information
![Page 16: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Nervous System Components
• Brain • Spinal Cord • Nerves • Sensory Organs ( eyes, ears, taste
buds)
![Page 17: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Nervous System
• Controls voluntary & involuntary activities – Walking – Talking – Heart beat
• Also allows … – Seeing – Hearing – Smelling – Tasting – Detect pain & pressure
![Page 18: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nervous System controls
• Conducts electrical messages to & from various parts of your body –NERVE IMPULSES
• Carry information that help the organs and body systems carry out their functions correctly
![Page 19: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Brain
• Major organ • Mass of nervous tissue that is located
inside your skull
![Page 20: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Brain Impulses
• Sends impulses to different parts of the body
• Impulses contain information about your body and about the world around you – Constantly receiving impulses
• Your brain uses this information to – Tell your body how to react to the
environment – Sending impulses to different body parts
![Page 21: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Structure of Brain
• Cerebrum • Cerebellum • Brainstem
![Page 22: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cerebrum
• Largest part of the brain • Most complex • Coordinates many activities of the
brain • Controls– Senses, emotions, voluntary muscle
movements, consciousness, learning, & memory
![Page 23: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cerebellum
• Second largest part of the brain • Controls –Muscle coordination, balance, and
posture
![Page 25: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Brainstem
• Connects to the spinal cord • Controls – Heart rate – Blood pressure – Breathing
![Page 27: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PIN THE FUNCITON ON THE BRAIN
![Page 29: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
• Includes brain & spinal cord• Spinal Cord – Bundle of nervous tissue that is about a foot and
a half long and is surrounded by your back bone
• Spinal cord Function – Relay impulses between the brain and different
parts of the body
• Interpreting impulse – Brain – spinal cord – body part – Body part – spinal cord – brain
![Page 30: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
• Composed of nerves that connect all parts of your body to the CNS
• Uses nerves to control the actions of different parts of the body
![Page 32: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Nerves
• A bundle of cells that conducts electrical signals through the body
• Like an electrical cable–Many small wires
• ** ONLY IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ***
![Page 34: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Nerves
• Means of communication in the CNS • CNS & skeletal system –When & how to move
• CNS & Skin – Heat – Pressure – Pain – Other sensations from the environment
![Page 35: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Common Problems of the Nervous System
• Meningitis • Rabies • Concussions • Stroke • Paralysis • Epilepsy• Cerebral Palsy
![Page 36: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Meningitis
• Infection, inflammation of the protective covering of the brain & spinal cord– Bacterial & viral
• Bacterial ( antibiotics ) • Vaccine • No vaccine to treat / prevent viral
form
![Page 37: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Rabies
• A viral infection of the brain that causes irritation of the brain and spinal cord
• Passed by saliva of an infected animal
• Avoid wild / unfamiliar animals • Medical treatment needed
![Page 38: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Concussion
• Blow to the head • May cause brief memory loss;
unconsciousness• Preventative measure –Wear protective headgear
![Page 39: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Stroke
• Death of brain tissue – Lack of blood going to brain
• Medical attention & hospitalization
![Page 40: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Paralysis
• Partial / total loss of the ability to use muscles– Caused by damage to brain or spinal
cord
• May be permanent
![Page 41: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Epilepsy
• Disorder of the nerves and brain that are characterized by uncontrollable muscle activity
• Form of seizure • Treated with medication
![Page 42: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Cerebral Palsy
• Very poor muscle control– Caused by damage of the brain
• No cure or prevention – Physical therapy
![Page 43: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Endocrine System
• Network of tissues and organs that release chemicals that control certain body functions
![Page 44: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Hormones
• Chemicals that travel in the blood and cause changes in different body parts
• Tells body how to grow or develop • Stressful Situations – Fight or Flight – Epinephrine Rush
![Page 45: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Hormone Facts
• Makes & releases between 50-100 different hormones
• Every hormone has an important function for the body
• Most glands make & release different hormones
• Each function of the body is controlled by more than one hormone
• Hormones work together to cause changes in the body
![Page 46: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Gland
A tissue or group of tissues that makes and releases chemicals • Endocrine Glands make hormones* • Specific Endocrine Glands • Hormones released into blood • Control certain body functions
![Page 47: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Types of Glands
• Thyroid Gland • Adrenal Gland • Pancreas • Ovaries • Testes • Thymus Gland • Parathyroid Glands • Pituitary Gland
![Page 48: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Thyroid Gland
• Controls the rate at which your body uses energy
• Located in the neck area
![Page 49: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Adrenal Glands
• Helps the body respond to stress or danger
• Located above kidneys
![Page 50: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Pancreas
• Regulates blood sugar levels • Located on the bend of stomach
![Page 51: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Ovaries
• Females Only • Produce hormones involved in
reproductions – Estrogen & progesterone
![Page 52: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Testes
• Males Only • Produce hormones in reproduction – Testosterone
![Page 53: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Thymus Gland
• Regulates the immune system, which helps body fight disease
• Located between Lungs
![Page 54: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Parathyroid Gland
• Regulates the calcium level in the blood
• Located behind thyroid
![Page 55: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Pituitary Gland
• Secretes hormones that affect other glands & organs
• Located in the Brain
![Page 56: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Types of Hormones
• Thyroxine • Testosterone • Estrogen • Progesterone • Insulin • Human Growth Hormone • Epinephrine & Norephinephrine
![Page 57: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Thyroxine
• Thyroid • Stimulates body metabolism • Regulates body growth &
development
![Page 58: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Testosterone
• Testes • Stimulates secondary sex
characteristics in males • Stimulates sperm production
![Page 59: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Estrogen
• Ovary • Stimulates secondary sex
characteristics in females
![Page 60: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Progesterone
• Ovary • Allows the uterus to prepare for
pregnancy • Regulates menstrual cycle
![Page 61: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Insulin
• Pancreas • Regulates the amount of sugar in
blood
![Page 62: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Human Growth Hormone
• Pituitary Gland • Stimulates body growth
![Page 63: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
• Adrenal • Stimulate the body systems and
metabolism in emergencies & during stress
![Page 64: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
HORMONE & BONE GROWTH ACTIVITY
![Page 65: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Common Problems of the Endocrine System
• Too much / Too little of a hormone• Interfere with – Normal Structure – Function of the Body
• Endocrine System Problems – Type II Diabetes – Gigantism – Hyperthyroidism – Hypothyroidism
![Page 66: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Type II Diabetes
• High level of sugar in the blood • Body does not produce enough
insulin • Body’s cells do not • Treatment – Diet & Exercise – Insulin Injection– Pills
![Page 67: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Gigantism
• Individual has a very large body size• Excess production of human growth
hormone by pituitary gland • Treatment –Medication
![Page 68: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Hyperthyroidism
• Produces too much of the thyroid hormone
• Body Systems become too active • Lead to rapid & unhealthy weight loss
and other problems • Treatment –Medications – Radiation – Surgery
![Page 69: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Hypothyroidism
• Produces too little of the thyroid hormone
• Body system slow down • Can lead to rapid and unhealthy
weight gain • Treatment: –Medication that replace missing
hormones
![Page 70: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
BELLRINGER: HOW MANY BONES & MUSCLES ARE IN THE HUMAN BODY?
![Page 71: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Skeletal System
• Bone – Is a living organ made of bone cells,
connective tissues, and minerals
• Bone, Cartilage, & special structures make up the system
![Page 72: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Skeleton
• Body’s framework • Support the Body • Protect organs • Store Minerals • Work with your muscles to move
![Page 73: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
HEALTHY VS UNHEALTHY BONES
![Page 74: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
2 Types of Bone Tissue
• Compact Bone – Is dense bone tissue found outside of all
bones
• Spongy Bone –Many air spaces – Lighter & less dense than compact bone
and found inside most bones
![Page 75: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Compact & Spongy Bone
![Page 76: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Cartilage & Marrow
• Cartilage – Ends of many bones which are covered
by a soft, flexible tissue
• Marrow– Soft tissue inside bones
• 2 Types – Red Marrow – makes red & white blood
cells – Yellow Marrow – stores fat
![Page 77: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Joints
• Place in the body where 2 or more bones connect
• Allow movement –When muscles attached to the bone contract
• Classified by how bones move • Fixed Joints– Joints allow little or no movement
• Ligaments – Flexible bands of connective tissue
![Page 79: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
JOINT ACTIVITY
![Page 80: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Skeletal / Joint Problems
• Break • Dislocate • Stretch or torn • Aging / poor diet
– Osteoporosis – Fracture – Osteomyelitis – Arthritis – Osteoarthritis – Rickets– Scoliosis – Sprain
![Page 82: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Osteoporosis
• Density of bone decreases • Bones are weak • More likely to break• Treatment – Exercise – Calcium / Vitamin D –Medications
![Page 83: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Fracture
• Break in a bone • Caused by accident or injury • Treatment – Cast – Surgery
![Page 84: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Osteomyelitis
• Bacterial infection of the bone and marrow
• Treatment:– Antibiotics – Surgery
• Prevention: – Clean deep wounds / cuts
![Page 85: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Arthritis
• Joint inflammations • Treatment : – Physical Therapy –Medications
![Page 86: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Osteoarthritis
• Caused by aging • Joints are stiff & painful• Treatment: – Anti-inflammatory Drugs – Physical Therapy – Surgery
![Page 87: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Rickets
• Children• Causes the body to have difficulty
absorbing calcium • Bones soften • Caused by lack of vitamin D • Treatment: –Medication with vitamin D
![Page 88: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Scoliosis
• Curvature of the spine • Uneven growth of the body• Treatment: – Exercise – Brace – Surgery
![Page 89: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Sprain
• Injury to ligaments at a joint • Treatment: – Rest – Ice – Cast
![Page 90: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Types of Muscle
• Muscle – Any tissue that is made up of cells or
fibers that contract & expand to cause movement
• Types of Muscle – Smooth Muscle – Cardiac Muscle – Skeletal Muscle
![Page 91: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Smooth Muscle
• Move materials such as food through internal organs
• Makes up internal organs – Stomach – Intestines
![Page 92: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Cardiac Muscle
• Found in the heart • Blood is pushed through the body
![Page 93: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Skeletal Muscle
• Muscle attached to bones • Attached to bones by connective
tissue– Tendons
• Pull onto the bones they are attached to – causes body to move
• Release energy –Maintains body temperature
![Page 94: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Muscular System
• The muscles that move your body
![Page 95: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
How muscles Move
• Skeletal muscles work together –Make your Body move
• Movement – Result of muscles pulling on bones
![Page 96: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Muscle Contraction- Flex
• Gets shorter • ONLY pull bones closer together • Flex– Bend
• Example : Bicep – Pulls the bones of the forearm toward
shoulder
![Page 97: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Muscle Contraction – Extend
• Extend • Example : Triceps – Pulls the bones of the forearms away
from the biceps
![Page 98: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
![Page 99: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Muscular System Problems
• Tired & Sore • Strained & Torn • Warm up, cool down, stretch • Problems: – Muscular Dystrophy – Inguinal Hernia – Muscle Cramp – Strain – Tendinitis – Shin Splints
![Page 100: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Muscular Dystrophy
• Genetic Diseases– Causes muscle weakness
• Destruction of skeletal muscle tissue • Treatment: – No Cure – Physical Therapy – Surgery
![Page 101: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Inguinal Hernia
• Intestine bulges through abdominal muscles
• Causes • Caused: – Lifting heavy objects – Improper lifting
• Treatment: – Surgery
![Page 102: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Muscle Cramp
• Sudden & painful contraction of a muscle
• Night • After Exercise• No Treatment
![Page 103: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Strain
• Overstretching • Tearing of a muscle due to overuse /
misuse • Treatment : – Rest – Ice –Wrapping Injury
![Page 104: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Tendinitis
• Inflammation of a tendon– Aging – Excessive Exercise
• Treatment – Rest– Hot or Cold compresses – Ant – inflammatory medications
![Page 105: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Shin Splints
• Pain in the shin caused by damage• Irritation to the muscles in the front
of the leg • Treatment: – Rest – Ice – Pain Medication
![Page 106: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Exercise Circuit Activity
![Page 107: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
BELLRINGER: NAME DIFFERENT SYMPTOMS THAT OCCUR WHEN YOU
HAVE PROBLEMS DIGESTING YOUR FOOD.
![Page 108: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Digestion
• Digestion – Process by which your body breaks
down food you eat
![Page 109: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Digestive System
• Group of organs and glands that work together to physically & chemically break down, or digest food
• Mouth • Stomach • Small Intestine • After Digestion – Food is absorbed in the blood
![Page 110: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Nutrients
• Substances in foods that your body needs to function properly
• Produce Energy – Growth –Maintenance – Repair
![Page 111: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Journey of Food- Mouth
• Mouth • Chewing – Food particles are smaller–Makes digestion easier
• Saliva –Moistens food –Makes it easier to follow
![Page 112: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Journey of Food – Throat
• Pushed by your tongue • Throat • Pharynx • Esophagus to Stomach
![Page 113: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Journey of Food – Stomach
• Food Particles–Mixed with acidic juices
• Stomach churns –Mixes food & juices
• Stays in stomach for a few hours – Travels to large intestine
![Page 114: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Journey of Food – Small Intestine
• Most chemical digestion happens • Food moves by contractions – Smooth muscle of small intestine
• Contractions – Push food through the organ
• Liver, gall bladder, pancreas – Release chemicals into the small intestine
• Leaves small intestine to large intestine
![Page 115: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Journey of Food – Large Intestine
• No digestion happens • Mostly waste products • Pushed out • Takes about 24 hours
![Page 116: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Body Absorbs Nutrients
• Absorbed in bloodstream• Alcohol, simple sugars, & simple salts
– Absorbed in stomach
• Small Intestine • Carbohydrates, proteins, fats – Absorbed in small intestine
![Page 117: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Villi
• Inner wall of the small intestine covered in fingerlike projections
• Increase the surface of the intestinal wall
• Nutrients – Pass easily from the small intestine to
the blood
• Large intestine –Water – Simple Salts
![Page 118: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Common Digestive Problems
• Improper Chewing • Too much Acid • Problems:
– Indigestion – Heartburn – Diarrhea – Constipation – Ulcers – Appendicitis – Hemorrhoids – Stomach & Colon Cancer
![Page 119: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Indigestion
• Pain / discomfort in stomach • Treatment: – Antacids –Medication
![Page 120: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Heartburn
• Burning feeling in the esophagus – Backflow of acidic stomach contents
• Treatment: – Antacids –Medication
![Page 121: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Diaherrea
• Increase amount & number of times a person passes waste
• Treatment: –Medication
![Page 122: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Constipation
• Passing solid waste is difficult & infrequent
• Treatment: –Medication – Fluids
![Page 123: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Ulcers
• Round, open sore in the lining of stomach or small intestine caused by bacteria
• Treatment: – Avoiding certain foods – Antacids – Antibiotics
![Page 124: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Appendicitis
• Inflammation of the appendix – Releases harmful bacteria into the
abdomen
• Treatment: – Surgical removal of the appendix
![Page 125: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Hemorrhoids
• Swollen tissues of the rectum and anus– Contain blood vessels that may bleed
• Treatment: – Usually does not require treatment –May require surgery
![Page 126: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Stomach & Colon Cancer
• Tumor in the stomach, colon, rectum of large intestine – Age – Diet
• Treatment: – Surgical removal of the affected organ – Chemotherapy – Radiation
![Page 127: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
TRAVEL BROCHURE
![Page 128: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Excretion
• Removal of liquid wastes from the body
• 3 Body Systems Involved: – Skin & Water • Releases products • Sweating
– Lungs • Get rid of Carbon Dioxide
– Urinary System • Removes waste products from blood
![Page 129: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Urinary System
• Group of organs that work together to remove liquid wastes from the blood
• Carries waste from cells to kidneys • Kidneys– Clean the blood of liquid waste
• Ureters–Waste passed from kidneys to tube like
structures
![Page 130: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Urinary System
• Bladder–Muscular, baglike organ that stores this
liquid waste until it can be released from the body
• Urethra –When bladder is full, waste leaves the
body through a single tube like structure
• Urination – Release of the waste
![Page 131: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Filtering Blood
• Kidneys– clean you blood – Regulate amount of water in body
• Blood Contains – Nutrients, gases, water, & waste
• Kidney Removes–Waste & excess water from the blood
![Page 132: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
Kidneys
• Nephrons– Remove harmful products from your
blood
• Filtration – A process where nephrons remove the
wastes from the blood
• Urine – Liquid waste
![Page 133: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Common Problems of the Urinary System
• Waste products can build up in the blood – Lifetime threatening conditions
• Uncomfortable or painful • Problems: – Urinary Tract Infection – Stones – Urinary Incontinence – Overactive or Neurogenic Bladder
![Page 134: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
• Infection of one or more of the organs of the urinary system– Bacteria – Viruses – Fungi – Parasites
• More common in women • Treatment: – Antibiotics – Antiviral drugs
![Page 135: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Stones
• Crystallized mineral chunks that frequently from in the kidneys and bladder
• Small stones leave body with urine • Larger stones may be trapped• Treatment: –Medications – Ultrasound waves – Surgery
![Page 136: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Urinary Incontinence
• Uncontrollable loss of urine from the bladder
• Inability to control urination– Aging
• Treatment: –Medication – Surgery
![Page 137: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Overactive / Neurogenic Bladder
• Inability to control urination– Damage to nerves that go to the urinary
bladder
• Treatment: –Medications – Surgery – Catheter
![Page 138: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
BELLIRINGER: WHY DO YOU THINK PEOPLE
ASSOCIATE LOVE WITH THE HEART?
![Page 139: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Circulatory System
• Made up of three parts – Clean blood – Help regulate the amount of waster in
your body
• Functions– Transport nutrients and gases to a
different parts of the body where they can be used by the cells
– Take waste materials from the cells to kidneys, lungs, and skin, where wastes can be removed
![Page 140: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Heart
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH0QTWzU-xI
![Page 141: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Blood
• 5 liters • Tissue that is made of liquid, cell
parts, and 2 types of cells • Liquids & solids • Components: – Plasma – Platelets – Red Blood Cells –White Blood Cells
![Page 142: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
BLOOD VISUAL
![Page 143: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Plasma
• 55% of blood • 90% of plasma is water • Fluid • Carries nutrients, hormones, and
waste products from one part of the body to another
![Page 144: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Platelets
• Solids • 45% of blood • Carried by plasma • Cell fragments that help repair blood
vessels and form blood clots • Made in bone marrow • Clump together in the damaged area
of body – Forms blood clots & stops you from
bleeding
![Page 145: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
Red Blood Cells ( RBCs)
• Most numerous blood cells • Transport oxygen & carbon dioxide
through the body • Hemoglobin – Protein – Oxygen & carbon dioxide attach – Carries gases through the body
![Page 146: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
White Blood Cells ( WBCs)
• Large cells that help you stay healthy by fighting infection and protecting the body from foreign particles
![Page 147: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
![Page 148: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Supply Lines
• Arteries– Blood vessels that carry blood away from the
heart
• Veins – Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
• Capillaries – Microscopic blood vessels of the body that
link the arteries and veins – Nutrients, carbon dioxide, and waste
products enter and leave the blood stream
![Page 149: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Common Circulatory Problems
• Cells do not get oxygen & nutrients – They will die
• Wastes are removed from cells– They will die
• Problems: – Hypertension – Heart Attack – Anemia – Sickle Cell Anemia – Leukemia – Hemophilia
![Page 150: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Hypertension
• Abnormally high blood pressure • Increase the chance of stroke/ heart
attack • Treatment: – Losing Weight – Eating healthy – Not Smoking –Medication
![Page 151: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
Heart Attack
• Blood supply to the heart is reduced or stopped– Injures heart
• Treatment –Medical emergency –Medical professional
![Page 152: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Anemia
• Number of blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin is below normal
• Treatment: – Treated with vitamin B 12 – Iron supplements –Medications
![Page 153: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Sickle Cell Anemia
• Blood cells are sickle cell shaped • Contain an abnormal type of
hemoglobin• Genetic • Treatment: – Cannot be cured – Hospitalization at times
![Page 154: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Leukemia
• Cancer of the tissues of the body that produce white blood cells
• Treatment: – Chemotherapy
![Page 155: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
Hemophilia
• Genetic disorder • Blood does not clot • Clots very slowly • Treatment: – Blood transfusions – Avoiding situations that may cause
bleeding
![Page 156: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Respiratory System
• Body system that brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide from the body
• Gases forced in & out of the lungs through breathing
![Page 157: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
Respiratory system
1. Nose & Mouth 2. Pharynx ( throat) 3. Voice Box ( Larynx) 4. Windpipe ( trachea ) 5. Bronchi
1. Allows air to enter lungs
![Page 158: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
Lungs
• Large sponge like organs in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are passed between the blood and environment
![Page 159: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
How you Breathe
• Diaphragm –Movement of air in & out of the lungs – Dome shaped muscle beneath the lungs
• Contract– Air enters lungs
• Relax – Air leaves lungs
![Page 160: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
LUNG MODEL
![Page 161: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
Alveoli
• Gases move between the blood and tiny air sacs
![Page 162: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
Common Respiratory problems
Air may contain harmful materials Avoid smoking tobacco & using drugs Problems:
Tuberculosis Pneumonia Asthma Emphysema Lung Cancer
![Page 163: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
Tuberculosis
• Contagious infection that infects the lungs – Chest pain – Difficulty breathing – Bacteria in the air
• Treated with antibiotics
![Page 164: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
Pneumonia
• Inflammation of the lungs – Alveoli become filled with thick fluid
• Treatment: – Rest – Fluids – Antibiotics
![Page 165: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
Bronchitis
• Inflammation of the bronchi – Includes cough
• Treatment: – Rest – Aspirin – Cough medicine – Antibiotics
![Page 166: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
Asthma
• Allergic response in which airways fill with mucus
• Triggers – Pollen – Dust – Smoke – Cold air – Stress – Strenuous exercise
• Treatment– Drugs
![Page 167: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
Emphysema
• Condition in which the alveoli in the lungs break– Difficulty breathing
• Treatment – Can’t be cured –Medication
![Page 168: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
Lung Cancer
• Cancer destroys lung tissue • Most common type of cancer –Men & Women
• Treatment– Surgery – Chemotherapy – Radiation Therapy
![Page 169: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
BELLRINGER: MAKE A LIST OF HABITS THAT
ARE ASSOCIATED WITH GOOD HEALTH AND BAD
HEALTH
![Page 170: Your Body Systems Chapter 5. BELLRINGER: How many body systems can you name?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022102523/56649cd75503460f9499fbd2/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
WANTED: BODY ORGANS ADVERTISEMENT