downtown transit development · portland, oregon, developed its streetcar proposal in 1990, with...
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Downtown Transit Development
N a s h v i l l e C i v i c D e s i g n C e n t e r
Goals of Downtown Transit Systems
Improve the existing downtown economy and encourage housing and business development downtown
Goals of Downtown Transit Systems
Decrease car congestion
Goals of Downtown Transit Systems
Improve air quality
Goals of Downtown Transit Systems
Reduce demand for downtown parking
Goals of Downtown Transit Systems
IncentivesT r a f f i c a n d P a r k i n g
Traffic & Parking
Parking Shuttles
Free/cheap shuttles from parking areas to downtown attractions and places of employment reduce demand for parking in the city center and mitigate downtown congestion.
Traffic & Parking
Portland, Oregon
In exchange for increased parking restrictions downtown, Portland’s TriMet agreed to offer public transportation in tiered fare zones, with the center zone becoming a “Fareless Square.”
Traffic & Parking
Chattanooga, Tennessee
CARTA’s free electric shuttle service in Chattanooga is partly funded by parking revenue and retail leasing within the parking facilities built at the Shuttle’s stopping points.
Traffic & Parking
IncentivesD o w n t o w n L u n c h
Downtown Lunch
Downtown Lunch
Lunch Shuttles
Free or reduced lunchtime fares are offered in many cities’ downtown areas to encourage local restaurants and prevent the lunchtime traffic rush.
Downtown Lunch
Memphis, Tennessee
The Memphis Trolley Service offers a half-priced fare during lunchtime hours.
IncentivesT h e E n v i r o n m e n t
The Environment
The Environment
“Reducing pollution” is listed as a priority in most cities’ downtown transit initiatives. Providing cheap, convenient alternatives to private vehicle use downtown improves air quality locally and regionally.
The Environment
Indianapolis, Indiana
In 2007, IndyGo reduced its emissions by 90% when buses were fitted with new air filters and switched to biodiesel. The biodiesel also supports Indiana’s soy industry.
The Environment
Chattanooga, Tennessee
CARTA’s Downtown Electric Shuttle was developed by the Electric Transit Vehicle Institute to reduce emissions in Chattanooga and contribute to the technology options of public transportation.
IncentivesE n t e r t a i n m e n t a n d T o u r i s m
Entertainment & Tourism
Downtown transit is often established to allow locals and tourists easy access to attractions in the city center.
Entertainment & Tourism
Louisville, Kentucky
Louisville’s trolley service runs on weekdays and Saturdays and also offers monthly “Trolley Hops” to take locals, students, and tourists to downtown galleries.
Entertainment & Tourism
Entertainment & Tourism
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Chattanooga’s Electric Shuttle route was created to tie hotels to major attractions in the downtown area.
DevelopmentT r a n s i t a s a n I n v e s t m e n t
Portland, Oregon, developed its streetcar proposal in 1990, with the specific plan to “encourage development
of more housing and businesses in the Central City.”
portland, or
Photo Courtesy of www.sitphocus.com
Portland, Oregon, developed its streetcar proposal in 1990, with the specific plan to “encourage development
of more housing and businesses in the Central City.”
Since 1997, when the streetcar route was determined, Floor Area Ratio (FAR) increased to reach higher percentages of its potential the closer the property was located to a streetcar line.
Development Report, April, 2008http://www.portlandstreetcar.org/
portland, or
Photo Courtesy of www.sitphocus.com
Portland, Oregon, developed its streetcar proposal in 1990, with the specific plan to “encourage development
of more housing and businesses in the Central City.”
55% of new development in the Central Business District is now located within one block of streetcar lines (up from 19% before 1997).
Development Report, April, 2008http://www.portlandstreetcar.org/
portland, or
Photo Courtesy of www.sitphocus.com
Portland, Oregon, developed its streetcar proposal in 1990, with the specific plan to “encourage development
of more housing and businesses in the Central City.”
Since 1997, areas within two blocks of the streetcar line have seen: 3.5 billion dollars of new investment, over 10,000 new housing units, and 5.4 million square feet of office, retail, hotel, and institutional construction.
Development Report, April, 2008http://www.portlandstreetcar.org/
portland, or
Photo Courtesy of www.sitphocus.com
memphis,tn
memphis,tn
Memphis’s historical trolley system was developed as a preliminary to a new light
rail system on the same lines.
http://www.railwaypreservation.com/vintagetrolley/memphis.htm
charlotte, nc
Photo Courtesy of http://fullyarticulated.typepad.com/sprawledout/2007/12/index.html
charlotte, nc
Photo Courtesy of http://fullyarticulated.typepad.com/sprawledout/2007/12/index.html
In Charlotte, NC, the trolley and light rail systems are part of a 25-year transit corridor plan. This plan incorporates a center city development vision with a broadening transit system, which will include 21 miles of light rail and 16 miles of streetcar track.
http://www.charmeck.org/Departments/CATS/Rapid+Transit+Planning/2030+Transit+Corridor+System+Plan.htm
charlotte, nc
Photo Courtesy of http://fullyarticulated.typepad.com/sprawledout/2007/12/index.html
charlotte, nc
Photo Courtesy of http://fullyarticulated.typepad.com/sprawledout/2007/12/index.html
Charlotte’s light rail system exceeded its target ridership by 35% and increased midday train frequency a year after opening.
Development Report, April, 2008http://www.portlandstreetcar.org/
FundingF e d e r a l F u n d s
Federal Funds
Portland Streetcar HUD Grant (US Department of Housing and Urban Development)
Chattanooga Electric Shuttle 80/20 FTA Grant(The Federal Transit Authority gives 80% of startup funds, the remaining 20% of which must be matched by local funds)
Indianapolis Red Line 80/20 FHA CMAQ Grant (The Federal Highway Authority’s Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Grant--also 80/20)
Memphis Trolley Reallocated FTA interstate funds
FundingL o c a l T a x e s a n d R e v e n u e
Local Taxes and Revenue
Charlotte LYNX (light rail) 34% of the $462.7 million needed for Charlotte’s Blue Line was raised by a ½¢ local sales tax for transit
Denver FasTracks 32.5% of Denver’s light and commuter rail system is funded by a .4% increase in sales tax
Chattanooga Electric Shuttle Operation costs of $500,000 are covered by parking and retail lease revenues in the new facilities constructed at the shuttle’s endpoints
FundingP a r t n e r s h i p s
Partnerships
Portland’s “Fareless Square” Local transit authority, TriMet, agreed to waive bus fare in the center city in exchange for more parking restrictions in the downtown region
Chattanooga Electric Shuttle Half of the shuttle’s local startup funds came from TVA
Cincinnati Riverfront Parking Shuttle Subsidized by Duke Energy
OpportunitiesT r a n s i t P l a n n i n g S e s s i o n
Nashville’s Downtown Transportation Plan
2000 to 2020
http://www.parkitdowntown.com/ Take into account Nashville’s existing parking and shuttles.
Keep in mind Franklin Conaway’s 21 Point List:
Criteria for Assessing the Viability of Streetcar RoutesTwenty One Point Checklist for Rating the Efficiency of Streetcar Circulators
Franklin Conaway’s 21 Point List:A. Physical Considerations
1. Existing street grid and traffic patterns are conducive to streetcars and automobiles operating smoothly within shared right-of-way.
2. Topography is friendly to streetcar operations within operational areas of the proposed streetcar system.
3. There is an absence of physical barriers.
B. Planning Considerations4. Operates directly on central business district’s principal street corridor(s).
5. Operates through center of the central business district’s highest employment concentrations.
6. Connects directly to residential concentrations.
7. Connects directly to entertainment district(s) with venue(s) of at least 5,000 person capacity per event.
8. Connects directly to mixed-use areas outside of the CBD.
9. Connects directly to registered historic districts and significant historic sites.
10. Connects directly to major city hospital(s).
11. Connects directly to main convention center.
12. Connects directly to principal hotels.
13. Connects directly to principal art museum(s) and/or arts districts.
14. Connects directly to major urban parks.
15. Connects directly to multiple performing arts theaters.
16. Connects directly to important centers of government.
17. Connects directly to planned mixed use development areas, including future residential concentrations.
18. Connects directly to principal center city library or libraries.
19. Connects directly to significant urban educational institutions.
20. Connects directly to basic residentially oriented commercial activities.
21. Connects efficiently to other modes of transportation throughout length of the system.
Photos and InformationConaway, Franklin B., Planning Streetcar Routes for Maximum Sustainable Economic and Social Benefit. 2005-2006.http://allsystemsgo.capmetro.org/capital-metrorail.shtmlhttp://allsystemsgo.capmetro.org/circulator-system.shtmlhttp://charlotte.bizjournals.com/charlotte/stories/2008/03/17/daily26.htmlhttp://fullyarticulated.typepad.com/sprawledout/2007/12/index.htmlhttp://studentorgs.vanderbilt.edu/wilskills/biodiesel.htmlhttp://www.bjcta.org/index.php?id=226http://www.capmetro.org/riding/routes_400.asphttp://www.carta-bus.org/routes/elec_shuttle.asphttp://www.charlottetrolley.org/abouttrolley.htmlhttp://www.charmeck.org/Departments/CATS/LYNX/Trolley.htmhttp://www.charmeck.org/Departments/CATS/Rapid+Transit+Planning/2030+Transit+Corridor+System+Plan.htmhttp://www.charmeck.org/Departments/CATS/Rapid+Transit+Planning/Center+City/Home.htmhttp://www.go-metro.com/riverfront.htmlhttp://www.indygo.net/news.asp?ID=89http://www.indygo.net/news.asp?ID=114http://www.indygo.net/red_line.htmhttp://www.lightrailnow.org/news/n_newslog2008q1.htmhttp://www.lightrailnow.org/news/n_newslog2008q2.htm#FTL_20080405http://www.matatransit.com/RidingMATA/TrolleyService/tabid/64/Default.aspxhttp://www.parkitdowntown.com/http://www.portlandstreetcar.org/history.phphttp://www.railwaypreservation.com/vintagetrolley/memphis.htmhttp://www.ridetarc.org/trolleys.asphttp://www.ridetarc.org/uoflloop.asphttp://www.rtd-fastracks.com/main_30http://www.rtd-fastracks.com/main_33http://www.sitephocus.comhttp://www.slcgov.com/transportation/dtp/pdf-ppt/portlandtrans.pdfhttp://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/success/chattano.shtmlhttp://www.trimet.org/fares/fareless.htmhttp://www.utbioenergy.org/TNBiofuelsInitiativeNashville’s Downtown Transportation Plan, August, 2000.