dr. ir. manerep pasaribu from perpective of strategic ... · from perpective of strategic...

From Perpective of Strategic Management:

Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Disampaikan Dalam IKATM USU “Business Engineering Workshop” Emerald Garden Hotel, Medan, 19 November 2016

Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu

From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu

!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !"

KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION, and ENTREPRENEURSHIP © Manerep Pasaribu KPG 59 16 011136 Cetakan Pertama, April 2016 Penyunting Denis L. Toruan Robertus Rony Setiawan Rayendra L. Toruan Perancang Sampul Teguh Erdyan Penata Letak Toto Sudaryanto Baskara PASARIBU, Manerep Knowledge, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2016 xxxiv + 486; 15 cm x 23 cm ISBN: 978-602-6208-11-8

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!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! ;"

TEORI PERTUMBUHAN (Growth Theory) Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development (Schumpeter, 1951; Ronstadt, 1984)

Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)"0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Indonesia

Malaysia

Singapura

Jepang

USA

"!% dari populasi"

Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development

Idealnya sebuah

negara maju mempunyai

Entrepreneur > 2%

11,5%"

11%"

7,2%"

3%"

1,65%"


Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)14


negara maju mempunyai

Entrepreneur

%


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The Power of Entrepreneurship



LAND

Knowledge Based Economy

(Value Added Creation)

Sumber : Leibold, Probst, & Gibbert, 2005

=1"F*#2'W0#2#'X$-$Y"3"+203'CAPITAL

Economy (Value Added Creation)

Economy (Value Added Creation)

INNOVATION BEST PRACTICE

TECHNOLOGY

INNOVATION BEST PRACTICE

="

LABOUR KNOWLEDGE

Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship



“Innovation is the Specific

Tool of Entrepreneur”

(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)

“There is no Innovation

without Knowledge” (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)

Entrepreneur”(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)

“There is no Innovation

without Leadership”

(De Meyer & Sam Gard, 2005)

>"

#"Hal. Cover

3 Mazhab:

“There is no “There is no “There is no

Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship

“There is no

From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship

“There is no

Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship

“There is no



?"

3 Mazhab + 1P:

“Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success”

- Andrew S. Grove - Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013 #"

Hal. 361


!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! @"

Kerangka Buku: “Knowledge-Innovation-Entrepreneurship”

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Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), dimodifikasi Manerep Pasaribu



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Strategic Entrepreneurship

!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! LM"



Definisi Inovasi menurut De Meyer & Garg (2005)

1. Customer dan atau user

2. Mempengaruhi value / price relationships

3. Memberi perubahan drastis

4. Mempunyai hubungan dengan new technology

5. Membawa kesuksesan secara ekonomi pada perusahaan

LL"

“Innovation is the economically success for introduction of a new technology or a

new combination of existing techonologies in order to create a drastic change in the

value/ price relationship offered to the customer and/or user.” (De Meyer & Garg, 2005)

Definisi Inovasi menurut

1. Customer dan atau user

2. Mempengaruhi value / price relationships

3. Memberi perubahan drastis

4. Mempunyai hubungan dengan new technology

5. Membawa kesuksesan secara ekonomi pada perusahaan

Arnoud de Meyer Sam Garg




L!"

INNOVATION (INOVASI)

Inovasi sebagai keberhasilan secara sosial dan ekonomi karena

diperkenalkannya cara baru atau kombinasi baru dari cara lama dalam mengubah input menjadi output sedemikian rupa sehingga

dihasilkan perubahan besar dalam perbandingan antara nilai manfaat dan

Harga menurut persepsi konsumen dan/ atau pengguna (Fontana 2009).

Inovasi merupakan perubahan strategis yang menciptakan nilai.



PELUANG (Opportunity)

ENTREPRENEUR MELIHAT DAN MENCARI PELUANG UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN DAYA SAING"

ENTREPRENEUR

1

1

1

1

Implementasi

2

L;"

#"Hal. 287



The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an opportunity

(Peter F. Drucker)

L<"

”Inovasi merupakan instrumen

kewirausahaan”. (Peter F. Drucker 1985, 1993)"



Kewirausahaan merupakan serangkaian aktivitas dinamis penciptaan kesejahteraan (wealth) mulai dari penciptaan atau penemuan peluang kewirausahaan,

pengorganisasian sumber daya, pematangan sumber daya dengan kreativitas dalam proses inovasi, penciptaan kinerja termasuk di sini pembangunan daya saing (competitive advantage) dan penciptaan kekayaan secara sosial dan ekonomi

(kesejahteraan, wealth creation). Lihat Drucker 1985, Kao 1995, Ireland et. al., 2003, Fontana 2009, Fontana 2011, Fontana 2015, Fontana et. al. 2015).'

L="

ENTREPRENEURSHIP (KEWIRAUSAHAAN)


!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! L>"

Small Business Management, 11th edition Longenecker, Moore, and Petty @ 2000 South-Western College Publishing, diolah

Pendiri (Founder)

•! Bill Gate (Microsoft), Donald Trump (Trump Entertainment Resorts), Warren Buffet (Berkshire Hathaway), Prof. Dr. T.D. Pardede (Pardede Grup), D.L. Sitorus (PT Torganda), H.W. Hutahaean (PT Hutahaean), Chairul Tanjung (CTCorp), Nurdin Tampubolon (NTCorp), Jonner Napitupulu (Lyduma Group), Benny Siagian (Petronesia Benimel), Charles Simorangkir (Dietzel Indonesia), Edison Lo (Proteknik Mega Persada),Mahendra T.Sitepu(Inkubator Start-up)

Pemimpin Perusahaan (CEO) •! Jack Welch (GE), Tanri Abeng (Bir

Bintang), Dahlan Iskan (PLN), Helman Sembiring (JCIT, Samudera Indonesia), Hasrul Hasan, N.A. Setiawan (Inalum), Dimpos Tampubolon (PT BUM), Eddie Widiono, Fahmi Mochtar (Eks Dirut PLN), Handry Satriago (CEO GE Indonesia), Dwi Soetjipto (Dirut Pertamina), Bambang Eka Cahyana (PT Pelindo I), Jamsaton Nababan (PT Pertamina).

Waralaba (Franchise)

•! Circle K, KFC, Texas Fried Chicken, Mc Donald, A & W, Pizza Hut, Spinelli Cofee, Restoran Wendys Store Lawson, The Coffee Bean, Produk Kesehatan GNC 7-Eleven, Hanamasa (RM Jepang), Pendidikan KIDZART, Pendidikan ELC, Ajisen Ramen, Rumah Makan Sederhana, dll

(Founder)Bill Gate (Microsoft), Donald Trump Jack Welch (GE), Tanri Abeng (Bir

(Franchise)Circle K, KFC, Texas Fried

Tiga Tipe dari Wirausaha (Entrepreneur)

#"Hal. 268



Laba (Profit) Kebebasan Kepuasan Menjalani Hidup

Bebas dari rutinitas

kebosanan dan pekerjaan yang

tidak menantang

Make Money

Be Your Own Boss

Enjoy a Satisfying Life

Bebas dari batasan gaji

standar untuk pekerjaan

distandarisasikan

Bebas dari pengawasan dan aturan birokrasi

organisasi

L?"

Imbalan Kewirausahaan (Entrepreneurship)



Keunggulan Daya Saing

Dari Perusahaan-perusahaan

yang Dikelola Secara

Kewirausahaan"

Fokus pada Pelanggan •!Sedikit birokrasi

Kualitas Kinerja •!Kualitas kinerja dapat serupa dengan perusahaan besar

Integritas dan Tanggung Jawab •!Reputasi yang solid membangun pelanggan yang loyal.

Inovasi (Innovation) •!Perusahaan-perusahaan kecil yang menjadi sumber inovasi.

Biaya Produksi Rendah (Low-Cost Production) •!Kecenderungan manajemen menghasilkan biaya produksi yang

rendah.

L@"

#"Hal. 267


!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! LK"

Case: Nurdin Tampubolon (NT Corp)'

#"Hal. 361

“Only the paranoid survive!” “ Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success.”

- Andrew S. Grove (Chairman of Board of Intel Corporation

Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship yang “Tak Pernah Tidur”


!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !M"

#"Hal. 365

THE SIGMOID CURVE OF NT CORP'

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Karakteristik Entrepreneur'

#"Hal. 361

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Tajam melihat peluang/Opportunity

Detail, efisien (”1 kg paku = 1 kg emas”)

Kerja keras/Cerdas/”Tidak pernah Tidur”



Karakteristik Dari

Wirausaha yang Sukses"


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From Perpective of Strategic Management: From Perpective of Strategic Management: From Perpective of Strategic Management: From Perpective of Strategic Management: From Perpective of Strategic Management: From Perpective of Strategic Management:

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Kesempatan' Tingkatan Resiko'

Memulasi sebuah bisnis" Resiko Tinggi

Akuisisi sebuah perusahaan" Resiko Sedang

Membuka franchised bisnis" Resiko Sedang

Memulai bisnis keluarga" Resiko Bervariasi

!;"



Risk

Kelemahan Dari Seorang Wirausaha

!<"

Small Business Management, 11th edition Longenecker, Moore, and Petty @ 2000 South-Western College Publishing, diolah

Long Hours Stress Egoistic Otoriter


!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !="

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Contoh Organisasi Wijaya Karya Menerapkan KM Inovasi dan Entrepreneurship dengan Cara: '

#"Hal. xxix

Proses Bisnis, SOP, Metode Kerja, Cara Kerja, Know How, dan Best Practice "

Proses Bisnis, SOP, Metode Kerja, Cara Kerja,



A Model of Strategic Entrepreneurship

!>"

Entrepreneurial Mindset

Entrepreneurial Culture and

Entrepreneurial Leadership

Managing Resources

Strategically

Applying Vreativity

and Developing Innovation

Competitive Advantage

Wealth

Entrepreneurial

Applying Vreativity

Developing Innovation

Competitive Advantage

Managing

Strategically

#"Hal. 282



“Innovation” as process which can

be organized an managed, whether in a start-up venture or in renewing a 100 –year-old business.

managed, whether in

“Entrepreneurship” as the motive power to drive this process through the efforts

of passionate individuals, engaged teams and focused

networking.

to drive this process

“Creating value” as the purpose for

innovatives, whether expressed in

financial terms, employment or

growth, sustainability, or improvement of social welfare.

Three Core Concepts

“Creating as the

!?"

#"Hal. 279



Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)

The New Focus on “Knowledge” as a Competitive Resources

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Entrepreneur Opportunity

Resources

Fits & Gaps Business Plan/Business Model

Opportunity

Business Plan/Business Model

Entrepreneur

Business Plan/Business Model

Opportunity Entrepreneur

Resources

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Uncertainty Uncertainty

Uncertainty

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Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship!Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu!

TENTANG PENULIS

!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! ;L"

Spai Jpa La TERIMA KASIH

… ma k pada….: IKATM P FT USU IKATM Jadk FT USU"

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