Dr Moe Moe Thein

Research officer

Veterinary Assay Lab, LBVD

Ministry Of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation

1. Assessing and reducing the risk to human health associated with the presence in food of bacteria that have become resistance to antibiotics by collaboration with Zeal Project .2. food borne pathogens such as Salmonella and Camphylobacter , Ecoli from imported meat and meat products by collaboration with Interdepartmental section (Quarantine & Pathology Lab)

3. Aflatoxin in Animal feeds by Veterinary assay laboratory4. Drug residues in meat, milk and egg (under prosessing) in Veterinary assay Laboratory.

Animal population in Myanmar (2014-15)

Sr. Name No (in Lakh)

1. Cattle 159.92

2. Sheep & Goat 76.45

3. Chicken 2692.85

4. Duck 218.74

5. Pig 150.55

Antimicrobial Consumption in Animals

Imported veterinary drugs including antimicrobial agents (imported drugs samples )2010- 2011 880 2011-2012 1037 2012-2013 10292013-2014 13752014-2015 16292015-2016 1851

Uses of antimicrobial agentsGenerally mixed into feed and water for mainly poultry , pig farms.Injection for large animals and small animalsOver uses of antimicrobial agents is leading to multiple drugs resistance

problem in consumer of foods from those animal origin.

Imported antimicrobial agents during 2015 -4-16 to 2016 -4 -16 (veterinary Assay Laboratory)

Penicillin,, Ampicillin ,Amoxicillin,cloxacilin

Lincomycin, Enrofloxacin,Gentamycin, Amikacin

Kanamycin,

ofloxacinNorfloxacin,Ciproflxacin, LevofloxacinOfloxacinMarbofloxacin

Trimethoprim, and Sulfa compound groups.tetracycinesdoxycyclineOxytetracyclineChlortetracyclineColistin( polymyxin )

Tylosin

ToltrazurilTilmicosin

Tiamulin

Salinomycin

CeptiofurCephalexincefuroxime

SpiramycinEnthromycinNeomycin

ThiamphenicolFlorphenicol

DiaverdineToltazurilAmprolium

Comparing antimicrobial agents during 2015 to 2016 (525 samples)

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Study on Sensitivity of Salmonella species isolated from chicken meat and slaughtered

pigs(% of resistance)( University of veterinary science)

chicken

020406080

100

chicken

pork

Current research work and future research plans for drugs residues, antimicrobial resistances

Antibiotic residues testing by microbiological methods for mutton, beef samples are delivered from Myanmar restaurant association .

Antimicrobial resistances in poultry meat,local cows, pigs and cattles (research students from university of veterinary science),

Antimicrobial resistance in pigs ( ZELS project)

Food control system framework

Law and legislation

Myanmar food and drug board of authority was formed in accordance with provision of national drug law (1992) for ensuring efficient and uniform control through Myanmar.

Laws such as National food law, pesticide law, fisheries law, animal health and development law are available.

National monitoring system for resistance bacteria

Collaboration and cooperation with Ministry of Health,

Ministry of Agriculture , Livestock and Irrigation

Food control system framework

Under the food chain, the responsibilities for primary production; fishery and livestock products are controlled by Ministry of agriculture, livestock and irrigation.

Secondary food processing commodities and semi-finished products such as canning, brewing , snacks, juice etc. are controlled by Ministry of industry, Ministry of health and City Development Committee.

Food importation: raw for processing and ready to eat food are controlled by Ministry of health, Ministry of Commerce and Trade and Custom Department.

Several organizations are responsible for antimicrobial use so that control of AMR is difficult( overlapping and gapping )

For the improvement of Livestock Section which is a major priority in the National Plan of Myanmar,

For the increased production of safe and quality meat, milk and egg for the public,

To enact these objectives, Veterinary Assay Lab is implementing for pharmaceutical products quality control and drug residues testing for foods from animal origin.

1) National Food and Drug Law of MOH (1992)

2) The Animal Health and Development Law of LBVD (1993)

Role of Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department

ZELS to be implement in Myanmar

Project Title An Integrated Management-based Approach for Surveillance and Control of Zoonoses in Emerging Livestock Systems: Myanmar Pig Partnership

Supporting Organization

ZELS GrantUniversity of Cambridge (England)Oxford University Clinical Research Unit ,VN

Implementing Organization

LBVD

Location Yangon

Duration 5 Years

Budget 1.6 Million £

Objective •To characterize zoonotic risks and AMR•To develop control measures

Outcomes •Capacity Building of Laboratory Infrastructure in Myanmar •Training and surveillance of bacterial zoonoses and AMR •Improved productivity and anima health on farms and food safety

• Policy

• Steering committee

• National Laboratories (Health & Veterinary)

• Peripheral Laboratories (Public & Private)

• Information Technology

• Public

Challenging

1. Pesticides residues in animal feeds2. Chemical residues such as

Formaldehyde,Ivermectin, Hormones andCortisone

3. Adulteration of other preservatives ,dyes & impermissible meats