PLEASE UNDERSTAND ME

Drawn from the book by David Keirsey

Introduction

2

• David Keirsey has provided a very useful framework for analysing personality types.

• This framework is a good complement to MBTI.

• He divides personality types into 4 major categories:

a) Artisans

b) Guardians

c) Idealists

d) Rationals

The 16 Combinations- Artisans and Guardians

Four SPs Artisans Four SJs Guardians

ESTP Promoter ESTJ Supervisor

ISTP Crafter ISTJ Inspector

ESFP Performer ESFJ Provider

ISFP Composer ISFJ Protector

The 16 Combinations- Idealists and Rationals

Four NFs Idealists Four NTs Rationals

ENFJ Teacher ENTJ Field marshal

INFJ Counselor INTJ Mastermind

ENFP Champion ENTP Inventor

INFP Healer INTP Architect

Personality : Some historical perspectives

Plato c340 BC Artisan Guardian Idealist Rational

Aristotle c325 Hedonic Proprietary Ethical Dialectical

Galen c190 AD Sanguine Melancholic Choleric Phlegmatic

Paracelsus 1550 Changeable Industrious Inspired Curious

Adickes 1905 Innovative Traditional Doctrinaire Skeptical

Spranger 1914 Aesthetic Economic Religious Theoretic

Kretschemer 1920 Hypomanic Depressive Hyperesthetic Anesthetic

Fromm 1947 Exploitative Hoarding Receptive Marketing

Myers 1958 Probing Scheduling Friendly Tough-minded

Usage of words- Abstract & Concrete

ABSTRACT CONCRETE

analogical indicative

fictional factual

schematic detailed

theoretical empiricalgeneral

specific

categorical elemental

symbolic signal

figurative literal

Usage of Words and Tools

AbstractNF

Cooperator

ConcreteSJ

Cooperator

AbstractNT

Utilitarian

ConcreteSP

Utilitarian

Abstract Concrete

Cooperative

Tools

Utilitarian

Words

The four groups at a glance

Tactics

Dip

lom

acy

Log

istics

Strate

gy

Log

istics

Strate

gy

Dip

lom

acy

TacticsStrate

gy

Log

istics

Tactics

Dip

lom

acy

Dip

lom

acy

Tactics

Log

istics

Strate

gy

SP NF NT SJ

Interests

Interests Guardians Artisans Idealists Rationals

Education Commerce Art crafts Humanities Sciences

Preoccupation Morality Techniques Morale Technology

Vocation Material Equipments Personnel Systems

Orientation

Orientation Artisans Guardians Idealists Rationals

Present Hedonistic Stoical Altruistic Pragmatic

Future Optimistic Pessimistic Credulous Skeptical

Past Cynical Fatalistic Mystical Relativistic

Place Here Gateways Pathways Intersections

Time Now Yesterday Tomorrow Intervals

Self-Image

Self-Image Artisans Guardians Idealists Rationals

Self-Esteem Artistic Dependable Empathic Ingenious

Self-Respect Audacious Beneficent Benevolent Autonomous

Self-Confidence

Adaptable Respectable Authentic Resolute

Values

Value Artisans Guardians Idealists Rationals

Being Excited Concerned Enthusiastic Calm

Trusting Impulse Authority Intuition Reason

Yearning Impact Belonging Romance Achievement

Seeking Stimulation Security Identity Knowledge

Prizing Generosity Gratitude Recognition Deference

Aspiring Virtuoso Executive Sage Wizard

Social Roles

Social Roles Artisans Guardians Idealists Rationals

Mating Playmate Helpmate Soulmate Mindmate

Parenting Liberator Socializer Harmonizer Individuator

Leading Negotiator Stabilizer Catalyst Visionary

The Traits of Temperament and CharacterCommunication Implementation Character

ConcreteUtilitarian Cooperative Artisan Guardian

ConcreteCooperative Utilitarian Idealist Rational

LanguageReferentialSyntacticalRhetorical

HarmonicIndicativeDescriptiveHeterodox

AssociativeImperativeComparativeOrthodox

InductiveInterpretiveMetaphoricHyperbolic

DeductiveCategoricalSubjunctiveTechnical

IntellectDirective• Expressive Role• Reserved RoleInformative Role• Expressive Role• Reserved Role

Tactical Operator• Promoter• CrafterEntertainer• Performer• Composer

LogisticalAdministrator• Supervisor• InspectorConservator• Provider• Protector

DiplomaticMentor• Teacher• CounselorAdvocate• Champion• Healer

StrategicCoordinator• Fieldmarshal• MastermindEngineer• Inventor• Architect

InterestEducationPreoccupationVocation

ArtcraftTechniqueEquipment

CommerceMoralityMaterial

HumanitiesMoralePersonnel

SciencesTechnologySystems

OrientationPresentFuturePastPlaceTime

HedonismOptimismCynicismHereNow

StoicismPessimismFatalismGatewaysYesterday

AltruismCredulismMysticismPathwaysTomorrow

PragmatismSkepticismRelativismIntersectionsIntervals

The Traits of Temperament and Character… cont

Communication Implementation Character

ConcreteUtilitarian Cooperative Artisan Guardian

ConcreteCooperative Utilitarian Idealist Rational

Self-ImageSelf-EsteemSelf-RespectSelf-Confidence

ArtisticAudaciousAdaptable

DependableBeneficentRespectable

EmpathicBenevolentAuthentic

Ingenious AutonomousResolute

ValueBeingTrustingYearningSeekingPrizingAspiring

ExcitedImpulseImpactStimulationGenerosityVirtuoso

ConcernedAuthorityBelongingSecurityGratitudeExecutive

EnthusiasticIntuitionRomanceIdentityRecognitionSage

CalmReasonAchievement KnowledgeDeferenceWizard

Social roleMatingParentingLeading

PlaymateLiberatorNegotiator

HelpmateSocializerStabilizer

SoulmateHarmonizerCatalyst

MindmateIndividuatorVisionary

Role variants of Artisans (SP)

Pro

mo

ter

Co

mp

ose

r

Pe

rform

er

Cra

fterCra

fter

Pe

rform

er

Pro

mo

ter

Co

mp

ose

r

Pe

rform

er

Cra

fter

Co

mp

ose

r

Pro

mo

ter

Co

mp

ose

r

Pro

mo

ter

Pe

rform

er

Cra

fter

Promoter ESTP Composer ISFP Crafter ISTP Performer ESFP

Role variants of Guardians (SJ)

Su

perviso

r

Pro

tecto

r

Pro

vider

Inspector

Inspector

Pro

vider

Su

pervso

r

Pro

tecto

r

Pro

vider

Inspector

Pro

tecto

r

Su

perviso

r

Pro

tecto

r

Su

perviso

r

Pro

vider

Inspector

Supervisor ESTJ

Protector ISFJ

InspectorISTJ

Provider ESFJ

Role variants of Idealists (NF)

Teache

r

He

ale

r

Ch

am

pio

n

Co

unse

lor

Co

unse

lor

Ch

am

pio

n

Teache

r

He

ale

rCh

am

pio

n

Co

unse

lor

He

ale

r

Teache

r

He

ale

r

Teache

r

Ch

am

pio

n

Co

unse

lor

Teacher ENFJ Healer INFP Counselor INFJ Champion ENFP

Role variants of Rationals (NT)

Fie

ldma

rsha

l

Architect

Invento

r

Ma

sterm

ind

Ma

sterm

ind

Invento

r

Fie

ldma

rsha

l

Architect

Invento

r

Ma

sterm

ind

Architect

Fie

ldma

rsha

l

Architect

Fie

ldma

rsha

l

Invento

r

Ma

sterm

ind

Fieldmarshal ENTJ

Architect INTP

Mastermind INTJ

Inventor ENTP

Thank You

20