dws15 - future digital economy forum - oecd - dirk pilat
TRANSCRIPT
DRIVING INNOVATION AND
PRODUCTIVITY - NEW INSIGHTS
Dirk Pilat, Deputy DirectorOECD Directorate for Science, Technology and [email protected]
Future Digital Economy Forum
Montpellier, 19 November 2015
There are diverging views on the Future of Productivity and Innovation …
2http://blog.ted.com/the-future-of-work-and-innovation-robert-gordon-and-erik-brynjolfsson-debate-at-ted2013/
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Most advanced firms
(3.5% per annum)
All firms
(1.7%)
Other firms
(0.5% per annum)
Manufacturing Sector Services Sector
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Most advanced firms
(5.0% per annum)
All firms
(0.3% per annum)
Other firms
(-0.1% per annum)
“Frontier firms” corresponds to the average labour productivity of the 100 globally most productive firms in each 2-digit sector. On a rolling basis. “Non-frontier
firms” is the average of all other firms. “All firms” is the sector total. AAGR shown in parentheses. Source: Andrews, Criscuolo and Gal (2015), “Frontier firms, technology diffusion and public policy: micro evidence from OECD countries ”, http://www.oecd.org/economy/the-future-of-productivity.htm
… and a Growing Gap in Productivity Growth between Frontier Firms and the Rest
The use of digital technologies is now almost universal in OECD countries, …
Broadband connectivity, by size of firm, 2010 and 2014(Percentage of enterprises in each employment size class)
Source: OECD, Digital Economy Outlook 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933224829
50
60
70
80
90
100%
All enterprises, 2014 10-49 50-249 250+ All enterprises, 2010
… but there are large differences in the adoption of specific digital technologies …
The diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in enterprises, 2014
Percentage of enterprises with ten or more persons employed
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015, www.oe.cd/sti-scoreboard5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Broadband Website E-purchases Social media ERP Cloudcomputing
E-sales Supply chainmngt. (ADE)
RFID
%
Gap 1st and 3rd quartiles Average Lowest Highest
… in particular for small and medium-sized enterprises
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% All enterprises 10-49 50-249 250+
Source: OECD, ICT Database; Eurostat, Information Society Statistics and national sources, January 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933224863
Use of cloud computing as a percentage of enterprises in each
employment size class, 2014
6
Business investment in fixed and knowledge-based capital
(as % of business sector gross value added, 2013)
Source: OECD calculations based on INTAN-Invest data, www.intan-invest.net and OECD, Structural Analysis
(STAN) Database, http://oe.cd/stan, June 2015. 7
Complementarities matter: knowledge-based capital accounts for half of all business investment
0
5
10
15
20
25
%
Non-residential GFCF including machinery and equipment Total investment in knowledge-based capital
Business dynamics are key: scaling young firms is a challenge in many countries
Average size of start-ups and old firms, in persons employed, services sector
Source: Updated from Criscuolo, Gal and Menon (2014), www.oecd.org/sti/dynemp.htm
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Emplo
yees
Start-ups (0-2) Old (>10)
Skills are a major challenge for an innovation-intensive economy.
Individuals who judge their computer skills to be sufficient if they were to apply for a
new job within a year, 2013 (as a percentage of all individuals)
Source: OECD Measuring the Digital Economy: A New Perspective, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148354.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
%
All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education
1. Productivity in global frontier firms is strong
2. But other firms are lagging, technology is not the same as productivity
3. Key factors that affect this:
– Lack of complementary investment (skills, organisational change, process innovation)
– Lack of business dynamics, partly linked to policies favouring incumbents that reduce
renewal in the economy
– Lack of capabilities by SMEs, including access to finance, talent, markets
– Lack of digital single market (in the EU), limiting market size and firm growth
– Lack of a comprehensive digital strategy (e.g. security, trust, privacy)
4. Making the digital economy work for all will require comprehensive
policy action.10
Key points
Thank you
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Contact: [email protected] @PilatSTI
For more information:
Website: www.oecd.org/sti
Twitter: @OECDinnovation
Newsletter: www.oecd.org/sti/news.htm