Dynamic Sensor NetworksDARPA SensIT Review

May 30, 2001Arlington, VA

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Agenda

1:00 – Introduction / Project Overview (40 minutes). Project Accomplishments Milestones/Deliverables Summary Funding Status

1:40 – Networking (40 minutes). Low Power / Low Latency Link and MAC Protocols GPS-less Localization

2:20 – Break (10 minutes). 2:30 – Sensor Network Control and Planning (50 minutes).

GUI Status Coverage Server (Sensorware) User Platform Status.

3:20 – SensIT Integration Effort (40 minutes). Future Experiment Plans Open Discussion

Key Personnel

USC Information Sciences Institute Brian Schott Bob Parker

UCLA Mani Srivastava

Virginia Tech Mark Jones

DSN Challenge

What can you accomplish with sensor networks given GPS?

Eliminate IP-like addressing and routing tables and instead use GPS location for spatial addressing and routing.

Design a query interface that tasks geolocations, not individual sensor nodes.

Build robust failure-tolerant applications from top down.

GPS timing for accurate TDMA and bit-level synchronization for ultra-low power receive.

DSN Research Focus

DSN is focusing on three SensIT research areas:

Distribution and Aggregation. Low-power link protocols, power-

aware routing, and spatial addressing.

Declarative Language and Execution Environment. Topographical interface. Sensor network emulation for

rapid development.

Platforms. GPS-synchronized ultra-low-

power communications.

DSN Highlights

Developed hybrid real/simulated sensor network framework incorporated into mainstream ns release.

Created cross-platform node-independent Java GUI for live situation display and query language generation.

Extended the capabilities of open platform Linux handheld PDAs for sensor network operator interfaces.

Participated in two SensIT field experiments to demonstrate key sensor networking technologies.

Designed GPS-synchronized DSNCOMM radio board.

SITEX00Twenty-nine Palms, August 2000

Prototype user platform was laptop, HUD, GPS, compass. Own location/bearing in

sensor network on topographical display.

Eventual target is PDA.

GUI communicated with Sensoria 1.0 nodes in field using instrumentation Ethernet backbone (wired). Tracked GPS location

variation from survey. Exercised Sensorware-

created maximal breach path algorithm as sensor nodes were moved.

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SITEX01Twenty-nine Palms, March 2001

In Sensor Field: Wave Intensity Comparison –

multiple projections are made from seismic signal energy at sensor node clusters.

Nine Rockwell HYDRA nodes. Laptop with web cam. COTS 802.11 wireless Ethernet

bridge to base camp (~1km).

At Base Camp: Situation status display GUI

(running on laptop). Live video feed on wireless PDA.

(ISI, VT, UCLA, Rockwell)

SITEX01 DSN/Sensorware Collaboration

Dynamic Sensor Networks ISI, VT, UCLA. Provided wireless/wired Ethernet

backbone for instrumentation and long-haul link.

Supplied IPAQ+GPS units for vehicle location logging.

Created mySQL databases for vehicle and event logs.

Integrated DSN GUI to display this status information from Hydra gateway node.

Setup webcam in sensor field. Demonstrated wireless IPAQ

video and cross-displayed VT GUI.

Sensorware Rockwell, UCLA. Supplied 10 Hydra nodes. Developed WIC algorithm on

Hydra nodes. Customized VT GUI on

Windows laptop to generate TDMA slot query.

t1t2

t1t2

Sensor Network Interface

IPAQ running Linux with 802.11 wireless Ethernet PC card.

Cross-displayed VT GUI from Linux laptop to X on IPAQ. Displayed node locations, live vehicle

ground truth, live seismic energy levels, etc.

Full Java 1.3 compliance on IPAQ near completion at Compaq.

Live wireless video from laptop webcam to IPAQ using VIC tool. Achieved ~5 fps (now 30 fps). Exploring better integration of video

into VT GUI for multi-camera display.

Investigating low power video transmission codecs under PAC/C PADS project.

GPS Ground Truth

IPAQ + GPS + 802.11 Ethernet Logged vehicle locations once per

second. Transmitted log to mySQL database

in real time when in range of wireless LAN.

Ran 8 hours on 4 D-cells. Worked great!

Long Haul Ethernet

Provided long-haul link from base camp to sensor field. (2) access points with directional

antennas (~3 mile range).

Provided an instrumentation backbone without wires. (2) access points with omni antennas

(0.3 mile range).

Worked very well in the field. 11 Mb/sec adequate for most

purposes (including video). Convenient to be able to

telnet to all devices – even in vehicles!

Recommend full coverage at next exercise. AP

omni

(B) BASE CAMPGateway

Node

Serial Port

WirelessEthernet2.4 GHz

(A) SENSOR NET

AP

APdir

CAT5

APdir CAT5

GUILAPTOP(S)

HUDLAPTOP

Instrumentation Laptop

One instrumentation laptop per 3-node HYDRA cluster. Log radio events, seismic energy

from HYDRA serial port.

One UPS battery per cluster. Weighs 65 pounds! In practice, barely adequate.

In future, plan to use more IPAQs instead!

Linux Laptop powered by UPS.

802.11 Wireless Ethernet

USB<->Serial(8) Hub

Wireless access point + hub(in gateway laptop only)

DSNCOMM Board

Commercial GPS Board Motorola Oncore UT GPS TDMA Tx/Rx by GPS 1PPS @ 50ns

915 MHz ISM Band Chipset RFMD 9901/9902 - FSK -

100kbps Open loop bit sync - no sync

preamble

Status ISI-W needed to rev DSNCOMM

because of power supply noise. New rev is completed.

Serial port interface being debugged. Expect experimental results in next quarter.

Distribution and Aggregation Deliverables

FY99 Initial Network Services API Specification (UCLA) [complete]

UCLA has defined a set of functions that make up this API specification for the DSN platform and continues to analyze protocols using the ns simulation tool.

FY00 NS Simulation Code Release and Documentation (UCLA) [complete].

UCLA has made the SensorSim simulator code available to other members of the SensIT community. USC/ISI (Deborah Estrin’s group) is making SensorSim a formal part of the ns release.

Spatial Addressing and Routing Simulation (UCLA) [complete].UCLA is investigating addressing and routing protocols currently using the ns simulator. This work is exercising the ns simulator development. The simulation work is complete; an implementation using a test platform is also being done.

FY01 PDA Experiment Code Release, Documentation, Report (UCLA) [Q3].

FY02 Integration Code Release, Documentation, and Results Report (UCLA) [Q3].

Declarative Languages and Execution Environment Deliverables

FY99 Topographical Map GUI Prototype Specification (VT) [complete].

Virginia Tech delivered a first release of the GUI that is able to process user inputs and generates a format appropriate for U-Maryland query language.

FY00 Java Code Release and Documentation (VT) [complete].

Virginia Tech has delivered the GUI source code to BBN. VT demonstrated this code at the SITEX00 experiment. Periodic updates to this interface continue for a hopefully integrated SensIT experiment in March 2001.

FY01 Query Language Integration Specification (VT) [complete]

Virginia Tech has been working with the SensIT community at the BBN telecons and has specified an interface to generate user inputs for the U-Maryland query language.

Platform Deliverables

FY99 Baseline Platform Specification [complete].

ISI created specification for GPS-synchronized DSNCOMM board for communication platform experiments.

FY00 Integrated Platform Selection [complete].

For integrated communication experiment, ISI would emulate Sensoria 1.0 platform connector functionality to a PDA.

FY01 GPS Laboratory Experiment [Q3 – delayed to Q4].

Hardware error required respin of DSNCOMM board. The voltage regulator oscillation problem has now been resolved. Firmware is being finalized for serial port modem experiment.

FY02 Integrated GPS Experiment [Q3].

Results from above will determine if it is feasible to field a GPS-synchronized TDMA radio in a deployed platform.

Financial Status