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10/10/2014 1 Early Roads of Washington Transportation as History ~Presentation~ 1 History Committee Your Presenter The first and honorable governor of the State of Washington Elisha Peyre Ferry 2

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Page 1: Early Roads of Washingtonwashington.apwa.net/Content/Chapters/washington.apwa.net...10/10/2014 6 11 Wagon road along Lake Keechelus in 1911 – The present day location of a vehicular

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Early Roads of Washington

Transportation as History ~Presentation~

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History Committee

Your PresenterThe first and honorable governor of the State of Washington

Elisha Peyre Ferry

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What We Will Cover…• Corps of Discovery – 1804‐06• From Sea to Shining Sea– 1806‐1840

• Wagon Roads – 1840 ‐1860

• Military Roads and Commerce – 1860‐1890

• Good Roads Association and WSDOT (early 1900s)

• Sunset Highway and I‐90/ Snoqualmie Pass – Then and Now

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Corps of Discovery – 1804‐06

• Lewis and Clark Expedition leave Camp River Dubois, Illinois ‐May 1804. 

• Arrive in Washington State October 10, 1805 – Near present day Clarkston, Washington.

• Nov. 23, 1805 ‐ Near modern Fort Columbia State Park, Washington.

• Winter spent at Fort Clatsop.

• Lewis and Clark Expedition increased Awareness of abundant Western resources and ushered in American Manifest Destiny.

• Mounting Need for better trails and access to vast new resources which kindled the fur trade.

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From Sea to Shining Sea– 1806‐1840

• Place Names and Origins

• British occupation in the Pacific Northwest & declining fur trade• Missionaries came out to the West (Whitmans arrive 1836)

• Original Trade Routes followed Traditional Indian Trails/ Western Outposts established/ Widen & expand trail networks

• (1846) Joint British‐American  Administration ended & all land south of the 49th Parallel was ceded to the U.S.

• News poured in of precious metal deposits – “Gold found in the Western Frontier!”

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Wagon Roads – 1840 ‐1860• (1848) Oregon Territory is Created

• Wagon Trains Needed more stable, widened corridors along traditional Indian paths

• Manifest Destiny (“Go West Young Man”)

• Oregon Trail Migration(Washington Territory formed March 1853

‐ After the Monticello Convention)

• Washington Settlement began 1850s(Spurred by the Donation Land Claim Act)

• Agriculture and Commerce demanded

better road accessibility and durability

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Military Roads and Commerce – 1860‐1890• Topographical Engineers were commissioned to survey for early roads

• Military Roads built from Fort to Fort as provisional routes to protect against hostile Indians but used increasingly by early settlers.

• First Military Road in Washington State – 1858.

• Funding Appropriations end at the Start of the Civil War (1860).

• County Roads, and Plats were built around early Military Routes.

• Military Roads quickly became critical supply routes to

mines as lodes of gold and silver were discovered.

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Good Roads Association and WSDOT

• East & West unite in the discovery of a route through the Cascades.

• (1896) Good Highways Convention meet to promote ‘better roads’.

• (1899) Good Roads Association originates under the foresight of Sam Hill and 13 other men.

• (1905) Highway Board is established and eventually becomes WSDOT

• The ‘Sam Hill Vision’ culminated in the establishment of a major east/west & north/south routes.

• These major routes were called Sunset Highway, Pacific Highway, and the Inland Empire Highway.

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Sunset Highway

Snoqualmie Pass

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MAJOR WASHINGTON STATE HIGHWAYS IN 1922

Pacific Highway

Inland Empire Highway

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The Civil War stymied these efforts, but in 1865 several Seattle leaders restarted

the push to get this road built.

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Wagon road along  Lake Keechelus in 1911 –The present day location of a vehicular I‐90. 

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Some of the racers were said to comment that what is now Snoqualmie Pass was the hardest part of the race. 

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1916

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Even as late as 1931 a typical trip from Seattle to Central Washington took 2

days using this basic highway. 19

1940s West Side Snoqualmie Pass

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Digging Out – 1940s

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Views of Sunset Highway…Yesterday,

& Today’s Interstate 90…

Views of Sunset Highway…Yesterday,

& Today’s Interstate 90…

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1920s??

Thanks to WSDOT for use of some slides from their Centennial PowerPoint presentation

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