EARTHQUAKES

SEAN ROBERTSONCHRISTIAN LESSEY

NATE BOWERS

DECEMBER 12, 2013

• Earthquakes can happen anywhere • Missouri• Florida• California• Utah• These are just a few places, not a full list

Earthquakes

EARTHQUAKES• Most earthquakes happen in the ocean

however

• Alaska has a lot since 1899 to present it has had 49 major earthquakes M 7.0 or higher

• Every state in the U.S. has had an earthquake

Ring of Fire

Earthquakes in Alaska

• March 9 1957 Andreanof Island has a M 8.6

• Bridges are damaged docks destroyed and it even caused Mount Vsevidof to Erupt which was dormant for 200 yrs.

• Caused a Tsunamis which continued to Hawaii, California, Chile, El Salvador, and Japan

• More than 300 aftershocks where reported

Alaska

• They also had earthquakes on March 12, 14, 16th all on Andreanof Island

• On the 9th there was also an earthquake on Fox island

• They were all over M 7.0

Alaska

• July 10, 1958 Lituya Bay, Alaska has a M 7.7 earthquake

• Not much damage to man made works minimal since there was not much in alaska

• Landslides reported in the mountains

Alaska

Earthquakes in Alaska

Practice

ALARM SOUND and DRILL

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAHNhtRT50A

Great Shake Out Drills

• Drop• Cover• Hold on

Steps during and Earthquake

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOyopQ48Wp4

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=nMc3M4rrL_w

Siren

The Great Alaskan Earthquake of 1964

The Initial Event•Occurred Friday, march 27th 1964 at 5:36 P.M.

•Lasted three minutes

Aftershocks• Thousands of large

aftershocks that were felt up to three weeks after the initial event

• Caused many landslides and subsidence

• Up to magnitude 7• Some occurred up to

a year later

Epicenter

• Epicenter was located 12.4 miles north of Prince William Sound, 78 miles east of Anchorage

The earthquake registered at 9.2Mw

The Damage

• Caused $311 million (2.26 billion in current U.S. dollars) in Alaska and other places

• Cleanup took 15+ years to complete

Tsunamis and Surge Waves

• The quake and its aftershocks created tsunamis that caused damage in California, Hawaii and Oregon

• The tsunamis were up to 30ft tall • Some water levels were up to 80ft above sea

level• The towns of Whittier, Valdez, and Kodiak

were almost completely destroyed

Surge Wave Damage

Kodiak, AK

Surge Wave Damage

Seward, AK

Deaths Caused

• 128 people killed– 113 from the tsunamis– 15 from the earthquake

• The death toll would have been much greater had the quake occurred present day

Subsidence

• The earthquake created grabens up to 8ft deep

Tectonic Uplift

Both of these areas were more than 30ft underwater before the event. The quake caused the land in some places to rise so rapidly that trees were torn in half.

Fissures

The earthquake left large fissures in roads and bedrock, some were up to 6ft wide

Earthquakes

Seismic waves & Destruction of property

• Different motions of Earthquakes.

• Are the fastest wavesand are the first waves recorded by seismographs.Some call P-waves push-pull wave because of the way they contract and expand as they are traveling

Visual example of a p-wave

S-Waves can’t travel through liquids or gases. They require rigid material like ground, rock, roads or buildings

Visual example of a S-wave

Human interaction• Base isolation bearings

Elastic Cables Steel frame Shoes Steel fuses (in blue)

SOURCES FOR EARTHQUAKE PROJECT.

HTTP://EARTHQUAKE.USGS.GOV/EARTHQUAKES/STATES/EVENTS/1964_03_28.PHP

HTTP://LIBRARYPHOTO.CR.USGS.GOV/CGI-BIN/SEARCH.CGI?SEARCH_MODE=NOPUNCT&FREE_FORM=ALASKA&FREE_FORM=EARTHQUAKE&FREE_FORM=&FREE_FORM=

HTTP://WWW.DRGEORGEPC.COM/TSUNAMI1964CANADA.HTML

SOURCES FOR EARTHQUAKE PROJECT.

MCEER,.BUFFALO.EDU/INFO SERVICE/REFERENCE.WWW.POPULAR MECHANICS.COMBRUCE A. BOLT, EARTHQUAKES: A PRIMER WH FREEMAN AND COMPANYEARTH SKY.ORG/EARTHWWW.LAMIT.RO/EARTHQUAKESIMPLY GEOLOGY. WORD PRESS.COM