Jiya Lal Mittal D.a.v. Public School Jaspreet Singh ; Grade – 10 th(A)..

Powerpoint Presentation on Earthquake

Topic - Earthquake In India

Submitted To - Mr. Vikesh

Submitted By - Jaspreet

Class - 10 th (A) Roll no - 15 Subject - Disaster

Management

ACKNOWLEDGMENT As this project is given by our

Disaster Managment Teacher Mr.Vikesh …. I am very thankful to you Sir for giving this wonderful project to make … from this project I am come to realise ..what is the actual effect of a disaster on people especially EARTHQUAKE which is my topic. How their lifes becomes mesrable.. We get plenty of knowledge from this project and it only possible because of you SIR .. So in the end I just want to say…

Thank you Mr. VIKESH

Content1.) VARIOUS TYPES OF

DISASTERS 2.) NATURAL CALAMITIES3.) DEFINATION 4.) CAUSES 5.) LIST OF EARTHQUAKE6.) PRECAUTIONS7.) CONCLUSION8.) BIBLIEOGRAPHY

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DISASTERS

Defination Of Earthquake ???Earthquake Constitute one of the worst Natural Hazards which often turn into Disaster causing widespread destruction and loss to human life …..

The effects of Earthquake vary upon the Magnitude and Intensity. Earthquake occur every now and then all round expect in some places where Earthquake occur Rarely. The Devastation of Cities and Towns is one of the Effect of Earthquake ……

Images Of Earthquake

Causes of Earthquake An Earthquake is the result of

sudden release of Energy in the Earth’s Crust that creates

Seismic Waves. The Seismic Activities of an area refers to the Frequency type and Size of

Earthquake Experienced over a period of Time….

Images Of Earthquake

List Of Top 15 Earthquake in India..

¶ Date Time Location Deaths Mag.

1. Jan.3 2016 23:o5:1 North east 11 dead 6.7

¶ India 200 inj.

2. Oct 26, 2015 09:09 Northern 280 pak. 7.7

¶ India Pak. 115 Afg.

3. May12,2015 12:35 Northern 218 7.3

¶ India , North

¶ East India

Images Of Biggest Earthquake In India

Page 12

List Of Earthquake Date Time Location Death Mag.

4. April 25,2015 11:41 Northern India, 8,900+ 7.6

  Lamjung , Nepal

5. Aug 10, 2009 01:21 Andaman Islands 26 7.7

6. Dec. 26, 2004 09:28 India Sri Lanks 283,106 9.1

Maldives

7. Jan 26, 2001 08:50 Gujarat 20,000 7.6/7.7

8. Aug15 , 1950 19:22 Arunachal Pradesh 1,526 8.6

Images Of Earthquake

Worst Earthquake with Mag. 8 and above

• Date Time Location Death Mag.

10. June26,1941 08:50 Andaman 7,000 8.1

• Islands

11. Jan.15,1934 14:13 Nepal >10,000 8.0

12. June12,1897 15:30 Shillong, 1,500 8.3

• India

13.June16,1819 18:45 Gujarat >1,543 8.2

14.June6,1505 …….. Saldang, 6,000 8.8

•  Karnali zone

15.Sept14,1344 ……. Mechi 2,200 7.9

Earthquake in Some Areas ….

Earthquake in Nepal {Magnitute 7.8}…..The April 2015 Nepal earthquake (Nepali: वि�सं २०७२ को

महाभूकम्प) (also known as the Gorkha earthquake) killed over 8,000 people and injured more than 21,000. It occurred at 11:56 Nepal Standard Time on 25 April, with a magnitude of 7.8 or 8.1  and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent). Its epicenter was east of Gorkha District at Barpak, Gorkha, and itshypocenter was at a depth of approximately 8.2 km (5.1 mi). It was the worst natural disaster to strike Nepal since the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake.

The earthquake triggered an avalanche on Mount Everest, killing 21, making April 25, 2015 the deadliest day on the mountain in history. The earthquake triggered another huge avalanche in the Langtang valley, where 250 people were reported missing.

Images Of Earthquake In Nepal

Nepal Earthquake A series of aftershocks began

immediately after the mainshock, at intervals of 15–30 minutes, with one aftershock reaching 6.6Mw within 34 minutes of the initial quake. A major aftershock of magnitude 6.9 Mw occurred on 26 April 2015 in the same region at 12:54 NST (07:08 UTC), with an epicenter located about 17 km (11 mi) south of Kodari, Nepal.The aftershock caused fresh avalanches on Mount Everest and was felt in many places in northern India including KolKata, Siliguri, Jalpaiguri, and Assam.The aftershock caused a landslide on the Koshi Highway which blocked the section of the road between Bhedetar and Mulghat.

Page 19

Images Of Earthquake In Gujrat

A Bugh Earthquake In Gujrat

• The 2001 Gujarat earthquake also known as Bhuj earthquake occurred on 26 January, India's 52nd Republic Day, at 08:46 AM IST and lasted for over 2 minutes. The epicentre was about 9 km south-southwest of the village of Chobari in Bhachau Taluka ofKutch District of Gujarat, India.The intraplate earthquake reached 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum felt intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake killed between 13,805 and 20,023 people (including 18 in southeastern Pakistan), injured another 167,000 and destroyed nearly 400,000 homes. .

Image Of Bugh Earthquake Of Gujrat

Earthquake In Gujrat • The death toll in the Kutch region was

12,300. Bhuj, which was situated only 20 km away from the epicenter, was devastated. Considerable damage also occurred in Bhachau and Anjar with hundreds of villages flattened in Taluka of Anjar, Bhuj & Bhachau. Over a million structures were damaged or destroyed, including many historic buildings and tourist attractions. The quake destroyed around 40% of homes, eight schools, two hospitals and 4 km of road in Bhuj and partly destroyed the city's historic Swaminarayan temple and historic fort as well Prag Mahal and Aina Mahal.

Earthquake in Sri Lanka

EARTHQUAKE IN SRI LANKA The 2004 Indian Ocean

earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The underseamegathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.

Images Of Earthquake of Andaman Island

Earthquake in The Andaman Island The 2009 Andaman Islands

earthquake occurred on August 11 at 19:55 UTC in the Andaman Islands of India.The earthquake magnitude was recorded as 7.5 Mw, and was the strongest in the region since the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.The epicentre was 260 km north of Port Blair, and tremors were felt in south-east India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand. ThePacific Tsunami Warning Center issued a tsunami watch to India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Thailand, but it was later lifted. No casualties or injuries were reported, although there were complaints about minor damage to buildings. At about the same time, the 2009 Shizuoka earthquake affected south Honshū in Japan.

Some Precautions

Some Precation While Earthquake

• 1. Ducking under a table or desk is the quickest way to protect yourself. If you’re in a high rise building, and away from a table or desk, move against a wall. Don’t panic when the sprinkler or alarm systems turn on due to malfunction, and DO NOT use the elevators.

• . Since glass windows can shatter during an earthquake and have the potential to cause harm, it’s better to stay away from them. If you’re unable to get out of the place, stay indoors under a desk or table. Protect your head.  

• When you’re outdoors, move to a clear area. Be away from signs, trees, electrical wires, buildings and poles. If you’ve been standing on a sidewalk near buildings, get under a doorway. It will protect you from plaster, glass, bricks and other debris.

Precations

Some Other Precaution  While driving in your car, simply

pull over and stop. Avoid power lines, overpasses, billboards and other structures that may fall to cause harm . Until the tremors subside, stay inside your vehicle. Similarly, if you’re in a theatre or stadium, stay in your seat. Protect your head with your arms.

If you are in a public place like a mall, do no panic. Leave the premises you’re in, in an orderly manner. Rushing towards the exit can cause a stampede. Check for injuries, and receive/give first aid, if required. Most importantly, prepare yourself for aftershocks, and plan to take cover accordingly.

Conclusion

CONCLUSION It is generally accepted that the Indian plate is stable

and seismic activity take places along the plate boundaries with other plates, there are also some earthquakes within the Indian plate, which implies that the Indian plate is not perfectly rigid. The 1819 Allahbund earthquake (M8), 2001 Kutch earthquake (M7.9), 1993 Latur earthquake(M6.3), 1997 Jabalpur earthquake (M6) and 1970 Broach (M5.4) indicate that great intra-plate earthquakes may also occur in Indian plate.

The seismic records on the previous day (January 25, 2001) obtained by the Bhuj seismological observation station during a visit on March 21, 2001 indicated that there was not any foreshock while there were numerous aftershocks following the mainshock.

The aftershocks are scattered around the USGS epicenter and the distribution of aftershock data seems to confirm the fault plane solutions obtained by four different institutes. Since there was not any well-defined fault scarp on the ground surface, it is difficult to say which of the fault planes determined from the fault plane solutions corresponds to the causative fault. Nevertheless, the fault plane with the NE strike and dipping south could be the causative fault of this earthquake in view of the spatial distribution of the shocks and widely scattered surface ruptures.

View By Earthquake Protocol 2015….

Some more Conclusions…..

Most of the dams are earthen dams except a few which are stone masonary built. The dams are built for irrigational purposes. The dam failures were associated with the liquefaction of sub-soil along the old river course.

Most of roadways had to be re-surfaced due to extensional and bulging type cracking. Furthermore, the settlement of embankments of bridges caused differential settlement and slow down of the traffic

Oil and chemical tanks were almost non-damaged. Damage to tanks mostly resulted from the settlement of foundation ground due to liquefaction.

The stoppers or racks of the pipelines were either broken or buckled in the port area.

On the other hand, if masonry buildings are constructed using mortar is lime or cement mortar, they performed much better and the total collapses were much less.

Bibleography

¶www.google.com¶www.http//.earthquake.in¶www.disastermangament.com¶www.listofearthquakesinindia

.com¶www.http//preacutionsduring

earthquakes.inTHANKS…….