earth’s changing crust
DESCRIPTION
Earth’s Changing Crust. Geologist. Scientists who study the forces that make and shape the Earth “ geo” refers to the earth. Crust. Layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin The outer shell of the Earth is called the CRUST. Mantle. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Earths Changing Crust
Earths Changing Crust
GeologistScientists who study the forces that make and shape the Earthgeorefers to the earth
CrustLayer of rock that forms Earths outer skin
The outer shell of the Earth is called the CRUST
MantleLayer of hot, solid material between the crust and the core The next layer is called the MANTLE
CoreThe 2 innermost layers of the Earth
Outer core (liquid)
Inner core (solid)
Earthquakes
~Caused by the movement of rock beneath Earths surface~Earths crust is constantly moving
FaultsA break in Earths crustRocks on both sides can move up, down or sidewaysMovement along faults form mountains and valleysCaused by CompressionTensionShearing
What causes a fault?CompressionTensionShearing
Different types of faults1. Strike-slip faults ( caused by shearing)Rocks on either side slip past each otherSlide past each other sideways, not up or down
2. Normal fault (caused by tension)Its at an angle so one block of rock hangs above and one hangs below
3. Reverse fault ( caused by compression)The blocks move in opposite directionsFormed part of the Appalachian Mountains
What are 3 kinds of faults?Strike-slipNormalReverseWhat kind of fault doesnt move up or down?Strike-slip
Richter Scale Rates the size of the seismic wavesInformation comes from a seismograph (Chinese)
A seismograph is the machine used to measure the movement of the Earths crust.
Plate tectonics - A theory that pieces of the Earths mantle are in constant, slow motion
tectonic /tektnik/ - Adjective:1.Of or relating to the structure of the earth's crust and the large-scale processes that take place within it.
MagmaHot, molten rock deep below Earths surface
LavaMagma that reaches the Earths surfaceMagma come from a Greek root which means thick ointment
. Magma and lava are identical substancesOne is above the surface of the Earth and the other is below the surface of the Earth.
WeatheringThe breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces
ErosionThe picking up and carrying away of pieces of rock
How do weathering and erosion work together to shape Earths surface?Weathering breaks down Earth surface and erosion carries away the broken-down pieces. What are 2 kinds of weathering?Physical ChemicalDeposition The dropping off of bits of eroded rock
Meteorite A chunk of rock from space that strikes a surface, such as Earth