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EMC Simulation StudyIntrodution:

Coupling of electromagnetic pulse into cavities through apertures is an important issue in EMC. It’s hard to estimate the shielding effectiveness by simulation soft tool because there is little precedent reference in china. So this article represent the electromagnetic relation between the mobile antenna and a small element of motherboard.

Objective:Method 1. Shielding efficiency (SE) of the shell is examined by

comparing the E field at 3 meter distance and near field, with and without the shielding box when an emitting antenna is placed inside the shell.

Method 2. Insertion loss between mobile antenna and loop antenna is usedto measure the electromagnetic induction intensity of two case, with and without back side shielding, for examining shielding efficiency.


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Chapter 1 - Antenna Analysis


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1. Getting Started

2. Launching Ansoft HFSSclick the microsoft start button and access ansoft hfss.

3. Opening a New Project

click File > New

4. Set Solution Type

click HFSS > Solution Type (select Driven Modal)

5. Set Model Units

click 3D modeler > Units (select mm)

6. Set Default Material

select copper


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7. Create Model

7.1 Create ground of pcb

7.1.1 Draw > Box

Named : gnd_pcb Edit Color : Yellow


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7.2 Create Antenna

7.2.1 Draw > Line

The first point

The last point

Right click mouse and select command of close polyline after input those point

Input these points


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7.2 Create Antenna

7.2.2 Draw > Line

7.2.3 Draw > Sweep > Along pathPolyline and the line above need be pitched on first.

Named : antenna Edit Color : Yellow


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7.3 Create Probe

7.3.1 Draw > Cylinder

Named : gnd_probe Edit Color : Yellow

Named : antenna_probe Edit Color : Yellow


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7.4 Create Air

7.4.1 Draw > Box

Named : Air Edit Color : Yellow

Display Wireframe: selected

Named : Lumped_port Edit Color : Yellow

7.5 Create Lumped Port

7.5.1 Draw > Rectangle


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8 Attach Material Property

8.1 The following element : Copper

8.2 The following element : Vacuum

9 Create Excitation Port

First Step : select the Lumped_port

Second Step : assign excitation > Lumped Port

Resistance : 50 Ohm

Integration Line

Assign Boundary > Radiation


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10 Solution Setup


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10 Run Project

10.1 HFSS > Results > Solution Data > Convergence > Plot


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10 Run Project

10.2 HFSS > Results > Create Modal Solution Data Report > Rectangular Plot


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10 Run Project

10.2 The simulation results : Dual-Band Frequency Antenna

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

-15.00

-12.50

-10.00

-7.50

-5.00

-2.50

0.00

dB(S

(1,1

))

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 1

m1

m2

Curve InfodB(S(1,1))

Setup1 : Sw eep1

Name X Ym1 0.9369 -11.0233m2 1.8414 -14.1255


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1. Getting Started


3. Load the Antenna Project

click Open > Antenna. hfss (used in chapter 1)

Chapter 2 - EMC Analysis 1Perfect Shielding Introduction


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4. Create Cavity without Apertures

4.1 Create Cavity

4.1.1 Draw > Box

Named : Shielding Edit Color : Green


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4. Create Cavity with Apertures

4.1 Create Cavity

4.1.2 Draw > Box

Named : Shielding_in Edit Color : light Green

4.1.3 Modeler > Boolean > Subtract

shielding Subtract shielding_in


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5 Solution Setup


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6 Run Project

6.1 The simulation results : Dual-Band Frequency Antenna

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

-16.00

-14.00

-12.00

-10.00

-8.00

-6.00

-4.00

-2.00

0.00

dB(S

(1,1

))

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 1

m1

m2

Curve InfodB(S(1,1))

Setup1 : Sw eep1

Name X Y

m1 0.9369 -11.4842m2 1.7816 -15.6945

The high resonance frequency have been decreased because of influence of shielding


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7 The field results

7.1 offset > origin

7.2 select > RelativeCS1 & Do next command


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The first resonance frequency

The second resonance frequency : 1.7816GHz


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Frequency : 0.9369 GHz Phase : 0

Shielding without aperture

The E-field is only on the surface of shielding (refer to following two page E-field diagram )

RelativeCS1 XY Plane & Shielding

E -Field

Antenna Gain 3D polar


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The field diagram prove that there is no electromagnetic wave from antenna emission,

the resonance frequency and the long arm are agreement.

RelativeCS1 XY Plane

E -Field


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The field diagram prove that there is no electromagnetic wave from antenna emission,

the resonance frequency and the short arm are agreement.

RelativeCS1 XY Plane

E -Field


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7 The field results

7.3 Draw > Line

HFSS > Results > Create Fields Report > Rectangular Plot


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Proved: There is no electric field in the shielding

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Distance [mm]

-1.00

-0.75

-0.50

-0.25

0.00

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

Mag

_E

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 6Curve Info

Mag_ESetup1 : Sw eep1Freq='0.01GHz' Phase='0deg'













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1. Getting Started



click Open > Antenna. hfss

Chapter 2 - EMC Analysis 2Shielding Introduction with Aperture


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4.1 Create Apertures

4.1.1 Draw > Box1 step : offset origin

2 step : Draw > Box

3 step : Duplicate Around Axis for box above


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4.1.2 Subtract Command

4.1.3 Run project


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5. Results

5.1 field result


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5. Results

5.1 field result

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00Distance [mm]

0.00

2.50

5.00

7.50

10.00

12.50

15.00

Mag

_E















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5. Results

5.1 field result (Max)

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

0.00

2.50

5.00

7.50

10.00

12.50

15.00

max

(Mag

_E)


max(Mag_E)Setup1 : Sw eep1Phase='0deg'


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1. Getting Started




Chapter 3 - EMC Analysis 3Shielding Introduction with Aperture


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4. Create loop antenna

4.1 Offset Origin

4.2 Draw > Circle


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4. Create dipole antenna

4.3 Draw > Line

Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3

Segment 4

Segment 5

4.4 Draw > Sweep > Along path

make sure select Circle & Line , Then sweep the object

4.5 Add material property for loop antenna : copper


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4. Create dipole antenna

4.4 Draw > rectangular and Setting the Lumped port as shown bellowing


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5. Delete the mobile antenna Excitation

6. Run the Project

7.1 Create the Sphere 3 meters results of Emission Test Report

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

0.00E+000

1.00E-007

2.00E-007

3.00E-007

4.00E-007

5.00E-007

6.00E-007

Sph

ere3

met

ers

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 2Curve InfoSphere3meters

Setup1 : Sw eep1


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7.2 Create the Near E-total of Near Fields Report

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

0.000000

0.000003

0.000005

0.000008

0.000010

0.000013

0.000015

Nea

rETo

tal [

V_pe

r_m

eter

]

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 3Curve InfoNearETotal

Setup1 : Sw eep1Phi='0deg' Theta='0deg'

7.2 Export results above. Named separately

Emission_with_shielding.tab & NearE_with_shielding.tab


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8 Modify the shielding box, as following

Then , run the project. Create the above parameters after project completed


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8 Create the Sphere 3 meters results of Emission Test Report

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

0.000000

0.000005

0.000010

0.000015

0.000020

0.000025

Sph

ere3

met

ers


Setup1 : Sw eep1


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8 Create the Near E-total of Near Fields Report

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

0.000000

0.000005

0.000010

0.000015

0.000020

0.000025

Sph

ere3

met

ers


Setup1 : Sw eep1

Export results above. Named separately

Emission_without_shielding.tab & NearE_without_shielding.tab


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9 Create New project : File > new (named “compare _se”)

9.1 Import the four results above & Create Modal Solution Data Report


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9 Create results as following

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Tb(Freq) [GHz]

0.000000

0.000005

0.000010

0.000015

0.000020

0.000025

Tb("S

pher

e3m

eter

s ")

0.0000

0.0001

0.0002

0.0003

0.0004

0.0005

0.0006

0.0007

Y2 [V

_per

_met

er]

Ansoft LLC HFSSDesign1XY Plot 1Curve Info Y Axis

Tb("Sphere3meters ")Emission_w ithout_shielding : Table Tb("Sphere3meters ")

Tb("Sphere3meters ")Emission_w ith_shielding : Table Tb("Sphere3meters ")

Tb("NearETotal - Phi='0deg' Theta='0deg'")NearE_w ith_shielding : Table Y2

Tb("NearETotal - Phi='0deg' Theta='0deg'")_1NearE_w ithout_shielding : Table Y2

Then , export the results of plot above; and name it to SE


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9 Modify as following open the SE .tab file by text

Modify to

Edit the results as following diagrams


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9 Modify as following

0.00 0 .50 1 .00 1 .50 2.00 2.50 3.00Tb(Freq) [GHz]

30 .00

35 .00

40 .00

45 .00

50 .00

55 .00

60 .00

65 .00

70 .00

75 .00

Y1

A nsoft LLC HFS SDesign1XY Plo t 1Curve Inf o

-20*log10(Tb("Emis sion_w ith_s hielding("Sphere3meters ") ") /Tb("Emiss ion_w ithout_shielding("Sphere3meters ") "))SE : Table

-20*log10(Tb("NearE_w ith_s hielding ")/Tb("NearE_w ithout_shielding "))SE : Table

Shielding Effectiveness of Near E-field

Shielding Effectiveness of E-field at 3 meters


Page:45

1. Getting Started




Chapter 4 - EMC Analysis 4S21 about EMC


Page:46

4. Add the lumped port to Mobile Antenna

5. Run the Project

6. Get the S21 S-parameter

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

-275.00

-250.00

-225.00

-200.00

-175.00

-150.00

dB(S

(2,1

))


dB(S(2,1))Setup1 : Sw eep1


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7. Cancel the Shielding Box from object , and run the project

8. Get the S21 parameter of model without shielding

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Freq [GHz]

-225.00

-200.00

-175.00

-150.00

-125.00

dB(S

(2,1

))


dB(S(2,1))Setup1 : Sw eep1


Page:48

7. S21 Comparison of model with shielding and without

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Tb(Freq) [GHz]

-275.00

-250.00

-225.00

-200.00

-175.00

-150.00

-125.00

Y1


Tb("dB(S(2,1)) ")S_w ith_shielding : S_w ith_shielding

Tb("dB(S(2,1)) ")_1S_w ithout_shielding : S_w ithout_shielding

Without Shielding

With Shielding


Page:49

7. dB pattern of S21 Comparison of model with shielding and without

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00Tb(Freq) [GHz]

25.00

37.50

50.00

62.50

75.00

Y1


(Tb("w ithout_shielding")-Tb("w ith_shielding"))Import1 : Table

-20*log10(Tb("Emission_w ith_shielding("Sphere3meters ") ")/Tb("Emission_w ithout_shielding("Sphere3meters ") "))SE : Table

-20*log10(Tb("NearE_w ith_shielding ")/Tb("NearE_w ithout_shielding "))SE : Table

Shielding Effectiveness of Near E-field

Shielding Effectiveness of E-field at 3 meters

S21 between mobile antenna port and loop antenna

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