Chapter 3 Numbers of population growth : World population is expected to reach 8.3 billion by 2025 and 10 billion by 2050

Why the population growth are not the main problem ? This view point argues that the main problem facing the world is not population grows, but such as : 1- The unequal distribution of world resource 2- The unequal population distribution 3- Lack of development strategies

Malthus Theory or Malthus Trap : Malthus argued that population world grow at a geometric rate (e.g. , 1 , 2 , 4 , …) due mainly to a lack of conscious restrains on fertility. Meanwhile, food would grow at an arithmetic rate (e.g., 1 , 2 , 3 , …) It dose not take into account the role and impact of technological

Explain the stage of demographic transition :

1) The preindustrial stage : both high death and high birth rates. EX: very poor country

2) The transitional stage : resulting in lowered death rates, but birth

rates remain high. Ex: development country

3) the industrial stage : when the birth rate drops due to modernization

4) the postindustrial stage : below zero population growth

What are the problem of population growth ? Economic problem associated with rapid population growth : 1) Insufficient food production

2) Growing poverty in LDCs

3) Low level of per capita income

4) Unemployment

Chapter 5 Human Capital : Human capital refers to knowledge, skills, ability and capacity possessed by people

Human Capital requirement include : A) Tangible human capital aspect :

include : strength, energy, as well as eyesight and hearing

B) Intangible human characteristics include : Creativity, innovativeness, problem-solving and leadership

Major element of human capital formation depend on : 1) Nutrition

2) Health 3) Education

Chapter 6 Major types of settled farming system :

A) Small subsistence family farms

B) Larger Commercial family farms

C) Corporate farms

D) State farms

E) Group farms

Agriculture in the developing/develop world Characteristics of developing/develop countries agriculture:

A) Low/high labor productivity

B) Small/large family farms

C) Limited/unlimited commercialization

Chapter 8 Major uses of fresh water “demand of water” Why we use water ?

1- Agriculture uses

2- Industrial uses

3- Household uses 4- Recreational uses

5- Environmental uses

The factors of water stress : 1- Population growth

2- Increased wealth

3- Expansion of business activity 4- Rapid urbanization

5- Climate change

Chapter 9 Forest product : A forest product is any material derived from a forest for commercial use, such as lumber, paper, or hunt for livestock. Wood is considered the main commercial forest product.

Chapter 10

Stage mineral resources development : A) Exploitation stage

B) Extraction stage

C) Processing stage

D) Manufacturing stage

E) Marketing stage

Chapter 14 The meaning of sustainable development : In other words, a better quality of life for everyone, now and for generation to come.

Basic elements of sustainable development : 1) The economic element

2) Environmental element

3) Social element

The relationship between per capita income and environmental degradation :

Chapter4