edu virtual museum
TRANSCRIPT
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Museum EntranceO
uter
Coa
stal
Pla
in
Inne
r Coa
stal
Pla
in
Piedmont
Sandhills
The Regions ofSouth Carolina Museum
Back Wall Artifact
COASTAL
ZONE
BLUE
RIDGE
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COASTAL
ZONE
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CoastalZone
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MuseumEntrance
OuterCoastal Plain
CoastalZone
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Room 3
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Museum Entrance
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OUTER
COASTAL
PLAIN
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OuterCoastal Plain
CoastalZone
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Room 3
OUTER
COASTAL
PLAIN
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InnerCoastal PlainOuter
Coastal Plain
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INNER
COASTAL
PLAIN
InnerCoastal Plain
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OuterCoastal Plain
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INNER
COASTAL
PLAIN
Sandhills
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InnerCoastal Plain
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SANDHILLS
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SandhillsInner
Coastal Plain
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SANDHILLS
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PiedmontSandhills
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PIEDMONT
Piedmont
Sandhills
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PIEDMONT
PiedmontBlue Ridge
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BLUE
RIDGE
Piedmont Blue Ridge
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BLUE
RIDGE
Blue Ridge
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Spartina Grass/ Marshland Spartina grass makes up the marshland of South Carolina. It was planted to help control erosion; however, it can become an invasive
plant. It can over run many other plants in the area.
MuseumEntrance
CoastalZone
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Coastline of South Carolina South Carolina has 2,876 miles of coastal shoreline. We are ranked the eleventh longest in the US for coastal shoreline. This benefits our economy greatly. Tourism plays a major
role in our economy.
MuseumEntrance
CoastalZone
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The Atlantic Ocean The world’s second largest ocean. It border
South Carolina’s eastern coast. The Atlantic Ocean is home to many different sea creatures and brings people from all around the world to
our state.
MuseumEntrance
CoastalZone
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Map of the Shoreline A view of South Carolina’s shoreline. You can
see the many different islands and rivers that make up the South Carolina Low Country.
MuseumEntrance
CoastalZone
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Beach ErosionBeach erosion is a constant threat to our
coastline. A lot of the sand on our beaches can be carried away by the pull of the Atlantic or
blown away by the wind.
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CoastalZone
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Watershed
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CoastalZone
A watershed is a geographic area from which water drains toward a common watercourse (such
as a lake, stream, and ocean) in a natural basin. They are the basic building blocks of the natural
environment. Plants and animals depend on a healthy watershed to provide their habitat.
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South Carolina has two shrimp seasons. The first runs from May through August, when smaller, brown shrimp are harvested. The popular white
shrimp season begins in September and lasts through December.
South Carolina Shrimp Industry
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CoastalZone
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South Carolina Barrier Islands
Museum Entrance
CoastalZone
Barrier Islands, a coastal landform and a type of barrier system, are relatively narrow strips of sand
that parallel the mainland coast. They usually occur in chains, consisting of anything from a few islands to more than a dozen. Excepting the tidal inlets that
separate the islands, a barrier chain may extend uninterrupted for over a hundred kilometers
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The Hunting Island Lighthouse is located in Hunting Island State Park on Hunting Island near
Beaufort, South Carolina. Although no longer utilized as a functioning lighthouse, the tower is a fixture at the state park and is open to visitors.
Hunting Island Lighthouse
Museum Entrance
CoastalZone
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Charleston Harbor
Museum Entrance
CoastalZone
The Charleston Harbor is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean at Charleston, South Carolina. The inlet is
formed by the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers. Sullivan's Island shelters the entrance. Charleston Harbor is part of the Intracoastal
Waterway. The inlet is evidence of a drowned coastline, created by a rise in sea level in recent
geologic time.
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A delta is a landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where that river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, or reservoir. Deltas are formed from the buildup of the sediment
carried by the river as the flow leaves the mouth of the river
South Carolina Delta
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OuterCoastal Plain
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A plantation is a large farm or estate where cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, or the like is cultivated. Most of the plantations
along the coastal plain grew rice, indigo, or Sea Island cotton.
South Carolina Plantations
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OuterCoastal Plain
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South Carolina has more marsh acreage than any other Atlantic coast state (344,500 acres of
salt marsh). Because salt marshes in South Carolina are influenced by the twice daily rise
and fall of tides, they are subject to rapid changes in salinity, temperature and water
depth.
Large Marsh
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OuterCoastal Plain
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American alligators inhabit the southeastern United States. Once a federally listed
endangered species, American alligators have recovered . The species is still federally listed as
threatened because it looks like the American crocodile, which is endangered. In South
Carolina, alligators have been recorded to reach lengths of more than 13 feet.
American Alligator
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OuterCoastal Plain
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South Carolina Wetlands
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OuterCoastal Plain
Wetlands (swamps, marshes, and bogs) are areas of land that are wet seasonally or permanently. Believed
to be the most diverse ecosystems in the world, wetlands are home to various species of plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. This
includes many threatened and endangered species. In addition to wildlife habitat, wetlands act as filters to
improve water quality. Wetlands also reduce flooding and recharge ground water.
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You can see the difference between land and water on this infrared map. Can you see all the
waterways on our coast?
Infrared Map
MuseumEntrance
OuterCoastal Plain
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The Coastal Plain is flat and has a low elevation. These two factors make it extremely
susceptible to flooding especially during a hurricane.
Flooding
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OuterCoastal Plain
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Coastal Elevations
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InnerCoastal Plain
As you can see there is little change in the elevation of the coastal plain. It is basically
flatland.
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Farmland
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InnerCoastal Plain
The coastal plain has a rich history of a diverse agricultural sector, producing large quantities of tomatoes, rice, and vegetables. However, with changing markets, development pressure, and
rising land prices, local farms are disappearing. The Coastal Conservation League and
Lowcountry Local First are working together to preserve Lowcountry agriculture.
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Old Shoreline
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InnerCoastal Plain
Millions of years ago the inner coastal plain was underwater.
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Features of a Coastal Plain
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InnerCoastal Plain
Notice all the waterways on top of the flat layer of bedrock.
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The Great Pee Dee is large and wild. Most of the land bordering the river is floodplain forest.
The corridor is a swath of high quality wildlife habitat, boasting 120 species of fish, at least 25
rare plant species, several endangered and threatened species (including the American alligator and bald eagle), and typical South
Carolina game species, such as white tail deer.
Pee Dee River
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InnerCoastal Plain
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Woods Bay
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InnerCoastal Plain
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Woods Bay State Park offers a close-up look at one of the last remaining large Carolina Bays on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. The 1,590-acre park, located in the coastal plains region,
features a wide range of habitats including marsh, sandhills, oak-hickory forest and shrub
bog.
Woods Bay State Park
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InnerCoastal Plain
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The 45,348-acre refuge serves as a demonstration site for land management practices, which preserve and enhance
the longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem. It is home to a variety of plants and animals. The refuge supports approximately 190 species of birds, 42 species of
mammals, 41 species of reptiles, 25 species of amphibians, and innumerable species of plants. The
refuge supports an estimated 125 clusters of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker, the largest
population in the National Wildlife Refuge System.
Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Rescue
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Sandhills
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A large portion of the rocks and sediment in South Carolina contain fossils. The majority of
these fossils are of marine life from the Miocene Epoch. The Miocene Epoch was between 22.7 and 5.3 million years ago.
During this time an ancient shoreline came up to the sandhills.
Fossils
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Sandhills
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Above the sand deposits of the sandhills lies the Fall line, where the rocky river beds meet the sediment covered river bottoms of the Coastal Plain. This was as far as most boats could sail
safely upriver.
Sandhills Fall Line
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Sandhills
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The broad-headed skink gets its name from the wide jaws, giving the head a triangular
appearance. Broad-headed skinks are widely distributed in the south-eastern states of the U.S. These skinks are sometimes wrongly
thought to be venomous. Broad-headed skinks are non venomous.
Broad Headed Skink
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Sandhills
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Anoles are small and common lizards that can be found throughout the southeastern United States. A
large majority of them sport a green coloration, including the only species native to North America,
the aptly named Green anole, although the green anole can change its color based on its mood and
surroundings.
Anole
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Sandhills
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Lake Juniper is a beautiful 300 acre lake. It is a favorite of canoers and kayakers seeking solitude among the cypress and white cedars. Visitors can
walk the boardwalk along the edge of the lake and see the hand crafted "waterfall" spillway at the dam. Access to the lake is through Cheraw
State Recreation Area which also offers camping, cabins, group camps, trails, and golf.
Lake Juniper
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Seven of the eight species of pitcherplants are confined to the south-eastern coastal plain of the U.S. They
inhabit swamps and grassy plains. They are threatened in the wild by development and drainage of their habitat.
Estimates indicate 97% of their habitat has been destroyed in the southeastern U.S. Several southeastern
states, such as Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina have conservation laws to protect them.
Pitcherplants
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Carolina Sandhills Ecosystem
Museum Entrance Sandhills
The longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem, the characteristic habitat of Carolina sandhills region, once covered
approximately 90 million acres in the southeastern U. S. This unique ecosystem, shaped by thousands of years of natural fires that burned through every two to four years,
has been reduced to fewer than two million acres, representing a 97 percent decline in this important
ecosystem. Today, only scattered patches of the longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem occur, primarily in the
Carolinas, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas.
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White-tailed deer are generalists and can adapt to a wide variety of habitats. They thrive throughout the
state. One way white-tailed deer communicate is with their white tail. When a white-tailed deer is
spooked it will raise its tail to warn the other deer in the area that can see it. The white-tailed deer is the
state animal of South Carolina.
White Tailed Deer
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The Sandhills are hilly, unconnected bands of sand left from the ocean dunes during the
Miocene Epoch Era. Sand depths in sandhills can reach as deep as 60 meters (198 feet). The
sandhills are wedged between the Coastal Plains and Piedmont regions of North and
South Carolina and Georgia.
Sandhills
Museum Entrance Sandhills
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The gopher tortoise is native to the southeastern United States. The gopher tortoise is seen as a keystone species because it digs burrows that provide shelter for 360 other animal species. They are threatened by predation and habitat destruction. On average, each gopher tortoise
needs about 4 acres to live.
The Gopher Tortoise
Museum Entrance Sandhills
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The U.S. piedmont extends along most of the southeastern U.S.
Map of the US Piedmont
Museum Entrance
Piedmont
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The many beautiful waterfalls of South Carolina include secluded mountain cascades,
thundering 400-foot river drops and the highest waterfalls in the southeast, Raven Cliff Falls,
located near the striking Blue Ridge Mountains.
Raven Cliff Falls
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Piedmont
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Monadnock is an originally Native American term for an isolated hill or a lone mountain that has risen above the surrounding area, typically
by surviving erosion. Monadnock is used to describe an isolated rock hill, knob, ridge, or
small mountain that rises abruptly from an area of relatively flat and/or lower terrain.
Monadnocks
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Piedmont
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Kings Mountain National Military Park is a National Military Park near Blacksburg, South Carolina,
along the North Carolina/South Carolina border. The park commemorates the Battle of Kings Mountain, a pivotal and significant victory by American Patriots
over American Loyalists during the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War.
Kings Mountain Monument
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Piedmont
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Piedmont means foot of the mountains. Being at the foot of the mountains this region
contains many creeks, rivers, and streams running through it. Many streams begin in the mountains and run down through the piedmont
region.
Piedmont Creeks
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Piedmont
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Table Rock State Park is a 3,083-acre park at the edge of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northern Pickens County. The park includes Pinnacle
Mountain, the tallest mountain totally within the state. There are two park lakes with seasonal
swimming permitted and hiking trails that lead to the Pinnacle Mountain Summit, Mill Creek Falls, and
the summit of Table Rock.
Table Rock
Museum Entrance
Piedmont
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The Blue Ridge Escarpment is the geological phenomenon where the southern Appalachian Mountains suddenly end and the piedmont begins. Over a distance of just a few miles, the elevation drops 2,000 feet. Standing
at the overlook at Caesars Head best illustrates this elevation drop.
Overlook at Caesar's Head
Museum Entrance
Blue Ridge
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The Blue Ridge Region makes up only 2% of the land area of South Carolina. Even though it
only takes up a small amount of space it supports the most extensive upland hardwood forest complex in the state, and as you can see
most of the land is protected.
Blue Ridge Region of South Carolina
Museum Entrance
Blue Ridge
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Sassafras Mountain is the highest peak at 3,560 feet above sea level, although it straddles the NC border. Pinnacle Mountain is the tallest
peak totally within SC.
Sassafras Mountain
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From September through November there is an active hawk watch at the overlook at Caesar's Head. On a good day in September, hundreds even thousands of hawks might be seen passing through. Its not unusual to see 200 to 300 hawks at one time soaring or circling overhead.
Caesar’s Head Hawk Watch
Museum Entrance
Blue Ridge
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Caesars Head, along with Jones Gap State Park and other wildlife preserves in upper
Greenville County, create the protected Mountain Bridge Wilderness Area. It is almost
seven and a half thousand acres in size and along with Jones Gap State Park.
Caesar’s Head State Park
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Blue Ridge
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Mountains are formations which rise high from the area around them. The Appalachian
Mountains, the oldest mountain chain in the U.S., were formed about 342 million years ago. They are folded mountains - when rock layers are squeezed from opposite sides, and the rock
layers buckle and fold.
Rainy Blue Ridge
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Blue Ridge
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2-1.1 Identify on a map the location of places and geographic features of the local community (e.g., landforms, bodies of water, parks) using the legend and the cardinal directions.
2-1.2 Recognize characteristics of the local region, including its geographic features and natural resources.
2-1.3 Recognize the features of urban, suburban, and rural areas of the local region.
2-1.4 Summarize changes that have occurred in the local community over time, including changes in the use of land and in the way people earn their living.
SC Standards for Social Studies