OUTCOMES BASED

EDUCATION

What is OBE?

The utilization of outcome based education is largely

designed to show student progress based on the 'outcome' of

learning skills. In a traditional education approach, student

skill levels are determined by completing textbooks but the

approach of outcome based education would rely solely on

the individual contributions of a student and not on their

comparative success to other students. The idea is to teach

students material based on their grasp, where weaker

students achieve success based on their skills while highly

capable students are provided enrichment.

In an outcome based education setting, the curriculum is

designed only with the learning outcomes defined for an

educator but no further input is made on how these outcomes

should be approached. The teacher is largely responsible for

the overall lesson plans, engagement of the students and for

providing the study skills necessary to correlate ideas.

OBE Lesson Plan Format

LESSON PLAN #___ Teacher: Term:

Learning Area: Week:

Grade: Duration:

Context:

Content:

Link w/ Previous Lesson: Link w/ Next Lesson:

Outcomes - LOs & ASs:

Presentation / Activity / Assessment:

List the Forms of Assessment:

Resources: Integration:

Teacher Reflection:

K-12 PROGRAM K-12 PROGRAM

The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of

basic education (six years of primary education, four years

of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School

[SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and

skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for

tertiary education, middle-level skills development,

employment, and entrepreneurship.

What are the Salient Points in K-12?

STRENGTHENING EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (Universal

Kindergarten)

Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through

Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are

given the means to slowly adjust to formal education.

Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better

completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a

standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary

education.

Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong

learning and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human

being, from 0 to 6 years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to

at least 60-70 percent of adult size..[Ref: K to 12 Toolkit]

In Kindergarten, students learn the alphabet, numbers, shapes, and colors

through games, songs, and dances, in their Mother Tongue.

MAKING THE CURRICULUM RELEVANT TO LEARNERS

(Contextualization and Enhancement)

Examples, activities, songs, poems, stories, and illustrations are based on

local culture, history, and reality. This makes the lessons relevant to the

learners and easy to understand.

Students acquire in-depth knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes through

continuity and consistency across all levels and subjects.

Discussions on issues such as Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Climate

Change Adaptation, and Information & Communication Technology (ICT)

are included in the enhanced curriculum.

BUILDING PROFICIENCY THROUGH LANGUAGE (Mother tongue-

based mulitilingual education)

Students are able to learn best through their first language, their Mother

Tongue (MT). Twelve (12) MT languages have been introduced for SY

2012-2013: Bahasa Sug, Bikol, Cebuano, Chabacano, Hiligaynon, Iloko,

Kapampangan, Maguindanaoan, Meranao, Pangasinense, Tagalog, and

Waray. Other local languages will be added in succeeding school years.

Aside from the Mother Tongue, English and Filipino are taught as subjects

starting Grade 1, with a focus on oral fluency. From Grades 4 to 6, English

and Filipino are gradually introduced as languages of instruction. Both will

become primary languages of instruction in Junior High School (JHS) and

Senior High School (SHS).

After Grade 1, every student can read in his or her Mother Tongue. Learning

in Mother Tongue also serves as the foundation for students to learn Filipino

and English easily.

ENSURING INTEGRATED AND SEAMLESS LEARNING (Spiral

Progression)

Subjects are taught from the simplest concepts to more complicated concepts

through grade levels in spiral progression. As early as elementary, students

gain knowledge in areas such as Biology, Geometry, Earth Science,

Chemistry, and Algebra. This ensures a mastery of knowledge and skills

after each level.

For example, currently in High School, Biology is taught in 2nd Year,

Chemistry in 3rd Year, and Physics in 4th Year. In K to 12, these subjects

are connected and integrated from Grades 7 to 10. This same method is used

in other Learning Areas like Math.

GEARING UP FOR THE FUTURE (Senior High School)

Senior High School is two years of specialized upper secondary education;

students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school

capacity. The choice of career track will define the content of the subjects a

student will take in Grades 11 and 12. SHS subjects fall under either the

Core Curriculum or specific Tracks.

NURTURING THE HOLISTICALLY DEVELOPED FILIPINO (College

and Livelihood Readiness, 21st century skills)

After going through Kindergarten, the enhanced Elementary and Junior High

curriculum, and a specialized Senior High program, every K to 12 graduate will be

ready to go into different paths – may it be further education, employment, or

entrepreneurship.

Every graduate will be equipped with:

1. Information, media and technology skills,

2. Learning and innovation skills,

3. Effective communication skills, and

Life and career skills

What are the subjects to be taught in

K-12?

Incoming grade 1 public school students will have more subjects but fewer school

hours when classes begin in June 2012.

They will be the first to test the new curriculum that the Department of Education

(DepEd) has developed for its K to 12 program.

The program will run on a K-6-4-2 education model, wherein a student has to

study in grade school for 6 years, in junior high school for 4 years (grades 7 to 10),

and in senior high school for two years (grades 11 to 12).

The incoming grade 1 students of school year 2012-2011 are the so-called "guinea

pigs" of the program. DepEd started implementing its revised curriculum last

school year, when these students were in kindergarten.

Starting with this batch, no public school student in the Philippines will be

admitted to Grade 1 without taking up kindergarten.

Private schools are also covered by the program, but officials have yet to discuss

its implementation.

Based on the curriculum guide provided by DepEd, the incoming grade 1 students

will be taking up 6 subjects for an entire school year. Each subject will be taught

for a maximum of 40 minutes per day:

Reading and Writing in the Mother Tongue - 40 minutes

Oral Fluency in Filipino - 40 minutes

Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao (EsP) - 30 minutes

Mathematics or Arithmetic - 30 minutes

Araling Panlipunan (AP) - 30 minutes

Music, Arts, Physical Education, Health (MAPEH) - 30 minutes

When the second half of the school year comes, a 7th subject, Oral Fluency in

English, will be introduced. This subject will be taught for 40 minutes.

Despite the increase in the number of subjects, the total hours to be spent by a first

grader in school would still be less.

Before this, the grade 1 level used to have only 4 subjects, each lasting an hour or

more daily:

English - 100 minutes per day

Filipino - 80 minutes per day

Mathmatics - 80 minutes per day

Sibika at Kultura - 60 minutes per day

This set of subjects, along with the schedule, was introduced when DepEd

overhauled its curriculum in 2002. Among the features of this revised curriculum is

the inclusion of the subject Makabayan.

Makabayan was not offered to students in grades 1 to 3, but some concepts of the

subject were integrated in Sibika at Kultura.

Education Secretary Armin Luistro explained that the shortened time will "make

education less stressful and more enjoyable for our young learners."

DepEd has already prepared revised curriculums for grades 2 to 6, but these will

not yet be implemented until the incoming grade 1 students reach these levels.

Incoming grade 2 to 6 students in June 2012 will not be covered anymore by the

new program -- at least for the duration of their stay in grade school.

Still no Science

Just like in the old curriculum, Science will still not be offered as a separate subject

to grade 1 students.

In the 2002 revised curriculum, Science and Health concepts were integrated in

English. But in the new program, Science will be integrated into more subjects:

Mother Tongue, English, Health, and Math.

In a forum with businessmen on March 28, Luistro explained that DepEd wants to

promote the idea that "science is a study of everyday life."

"These concepts and skills are integrated rather than discipline-based, stressing the

connections across science topics and other disciplines as well as applications of

concepts and thinking skills to real life," he said.

Just like in the old curriculum, the K to 12 program will offer Science as a separate

subject starting grade 3.

High school freshmen included

The revised curriculum will also be introduced to incoming high school freshmen,

or the grade 7 students.

They will have 2 years added in their high school period. The additional years will

offer students subjects or electives that will offer specialization depending on the

occupation or career track that students wish to pursue.

Incoming 2nd to 4th year high school students will not encounter these additional

years in high school anymore.

Based on the curriculum guide by DepEd, grade 7 will have the same subjects as in

grade 1, minus the Mother Tongue subject, since this will be offered from grades 1

to 3 only. But the high school freshmen will have the Technology and Livelihood

Education (TLE) subject, which will offer various skill-enhancing topics for the

entire high school level.

K-12 CURRICULUM MODEL

Compare and Contrast RBEC and K-

12 Curriculum

THE PHILIPPINE education system is improving by developing its curricula.

From (NSEC) New Secondary Curriculum to (BEC) Basic Education Curriculum

to (RBEC) Revised Basic Education Curriculum to (SEC 2010:UbD) Secondary

Education Curriculum 2010: Understanding by Design to K to 12 Basic Education

Curriculum.

K to 12 Curriculum implemented this year for Grade 1 and Grade 7 (High School

Year 1), with its first batch of graduates by March 2018. What is its difference

from the previous curricula? Why do we consider it “The Future of the Present

Generation”?

Previous curricula concentrated and changed only the content and teaching

strategies, whereas theorists of K to 12 gave emphases on Psychologies of

learning, students’ multi-intelligences, and learners’ diversity which are necessary

to ensure quality education. They considered Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Stages of

Learning. These learners are allowed to learn topics and skills appropriate to their

developmental scheme that made the school adhere to age requirement. The K to

12 is the first curriculum that changes the number of years of learners’ stay in

school.

Natural negative reactions are observable in any change. Complaints and questions

can be heard from parents whose children are affected by the additional two years

of stay in school. As an analysis, it is only added by one year. Five years old is

kinder, age 6 is grade one, elementary graduate by age 11, age 12 will enter in

grade 7, and then the child will graduate in grade 12 by the age of 17. A common

graduate of high school of previous curricula is 16 years old.

The many advantages the K to 12 will bring to the learners outweigh the additional

one year stay in school. The graduates of the K to 12 are well-equipped with skills,

and have mastered the competencies they deserved. This curriculum is sufficient to

prepare students for work. It will enable students to acquire Certificates of

competency or National Certification in accordance to TESDA training regulations

equivalent to two-year college degree. The holder of which is recognized globally

with higher employment opportunities and higher earning potential, that will surely

improve the economic status of every family, which is the foundation for a long-

term socio-economic development of our country.

The K to 12 is a learner-centered and a research-based curriculum. It is a

decongested curriculum which allows mastery of competencies and enables

students to better cope with the lessons. It envisions holistically developed learners

with 21st century skills, leading to better career pathways. It is a CURRICULUM

that CHALLENGES the government, education sector, school heads, especially

the teachers that surely could make a great CHANGE for our future.

Comparison of the Curriculum of the Old education and K to 12

Education

Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) 2002

BEC is restructuring of the NESC (1983) and the NSEC (1989) in

order to raise the quality of the Filipino learners and graduates

and empower them for lifelong learning.

2010 Secondary Education Curriculum

The 2010 Secondary Education Curriculum (SEC) is the revised

2002 BEC incorporating Understanding by Design (UbD) which

seeks to contribute to functional literacy for all and the

development of 21st Century core skills needed for global

competitiveness.

K to 12 Curriculum 2012 The K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum is geared towards the

development of holistically developed Filipino with 21st century

skills who is ready for employment, entrepreneurship, middle level

skills development and higher education upon graduation.

REFERENCES:

http://www.teach-nology.com/edleadership/assessment/outcomes_based_ed/

barrwilson.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/ncs-ii-lessonplans.doc

http://www.gov.ph/k-12/

http://thedailyguardian.net/index.php/iloilo-opinion/15645-k-to-12-the-future-of-the-present-

generation

http://www.cfo-pso.org.ph/pdf/11thconferencepresentation/day2/dir_jocelyn_dr_andaya-

K_to_12_basic_education_program.pdf

http://www.rappler.com/nation/3449-more-subjects,-less-time-in-school-for-1st-graders