BY:

JOSHUA YEBOAH ASIAMAH

SUPERVISOR:

DR. E. PLAS OTWE

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TABLE OF CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION

• OBJECTIVES

•METHODOLOGY

• TECHNIQUES OF DATA COLLECTION

• EXPECTED RESULTS

• APPLICATION OF RESULTS

• DURATION OF RESEARCH

• REFERENCES

• ESTIMATED COST

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INTRODUCTIONThe effect of heavy metals and spent engine oil in the soil and water are of serious concern

due to their persistence in the environment and carcinogenicity to plants and animal.

Heavy metals are toxic metalloid elements having; (Kennish et al., 1992)

Atomic weight between 63.54 and 200.59.

Specific gravity greater than 4.

High density.

These toxic metalloid includes;

Zn, Pb, Cr, Hg, Cd, Co, Ni etc.

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Moreover, petroleum derivatives (spilled engine oils) is often observed in

municipal soils creates unsatisfactory conditions for plant growth.

In plants, heavy metal and spilled engine oil results in;

Growth inhibition,

Structure damage and

Decline in physiological and biochemical activities.

5Introduction

This RESEARCH concentrates on major mechanic/ scrape dealers sites and industrial areas in the Cape Coast municipality, where lands have been seriously contaminated by heavy metals and spilled engine oil ( In Psidu and Ameen Shangari ). This work aim at investigating the effect of heavy metals and spilled engine oil on plants development (height, girth, photosynthetic rate, number of leaves & emergence rate) in this areas. Furthermore, investigating the types of heavy metals present in this soil.

6Introduction

PURPOSE OF STUDY• MAIN OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effect of heavy metal and spilled engine oil on plants development.

• SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: i. To characterise the composition of heavy metals and hydrocarbon that are found in polluted soil in Psidu

and Ameen Shangari.

ii. To determine the effect of these heavy metals and spilled engine oil on the height, girth, number of leaves,

photosynthetic rate, and rate of seedlings emergence of cowpea, maize and tomatoes.

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METHODOLOGY• Soil samples are collected from Ameen Shangari & Psidu mechanic village(site).

• They investigated to identify the different types of metals ( Ni, Cd, Zn, and Cu ) and composition of spilled

engine oil present, using the electro spectrometer.

• The soil samples are then used to grow different plant species (cowpea, maize and tomatoes) to

investigate it effect on the plant’s development.(height, girth, number of leaves, photosynthetic rate, rate

of seed emergence.

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•Watering will continued daily at 8:00 GMT.

• The seedling emergence in the treatments and the control experiment will be observed and

recorded.

• Record of seedling height and girth in each treatment are taken weekly for 3 weeks after

planting (3WAP).

• The photosynthetic rate is recorded using PPL

• The seedling height is taken with the aid of a meter rule and it girth by a Vernier caliper.

Mean value of the girth and height in each treatment are taken and record.

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TECHNIQUE OF DATA ANALYSIS

• THE DATA OBTAIN WILL BE ANALYSED BY USING SIMPLE PERCENTAGES AND MEANS

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EXPECTED RESULTS

•I expect ;To identify heavy metals and composition of spilled engine oil

(hydrocarbons) in the polluted soil.To observe plants in the loamy soil doing well than plants in the

polluted soil.To verify the effect of heavy metals and spilled engine oil on

plant development.

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APPLICATION OF RESULT

• Recommending plants that will be doing well on the polluted soil for phytoremediation/ phytoextractration in polluted areas.

• It will serve as a baseline information for other experiment.

• To make recommendation on proper disposal of spilled engine oil and heavy metal to avoid high contamination of the environment.

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DURATIONDATE ACTIVITY

24THSEPT, 2014 TOPIC DELIVERY

1ST OCT, 2014 PRESENTATION OF PROPOSAL

20TH OCT – 2ND DEC, 2014 EXPERIMENTATION

10RD DEC, 2014 – 24TH DEC 2014 DATA COLLECTION

25TH DEC – 7TH JAN 2015

13TH JAN - 28TH JAN 2015

21ST JAN 2015

INTERPRETATION OF RESULT

MAKING DRAFT

PRESENTATION OF DRAFT

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REFERENCES• M. A. Faluyi, “Investigation on seedling vigour in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.),” plant breeding,

VOL. 97, NO. 3, 1986, PP. 237-245.

• G. O. Anoliefo and D. E. Vwioko, “Effect of spent engine lubricating oil on the growth of Capsicum annuum L. and Lycopersicon esculentus, Mill,” environmental pollution, vol. 88, 1995, pp. 361-364.

• A. A. Oyedeji, A. O. Adebiyi, M. A. Omotoyinbo, C. O. Ogunkunle,” Effect of Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil on Germination and Growth Performance of Abelmoschus esculentus L. American journal of plant science, 2012, 3,1451- 1454.

• E. De Jong, “The effect of a crude oil spill on cereals,” Environmental pollution, vol. 22, 1980, pp. 172-196.

• L. Bossert and r. Bartha, “The fate of petroleum in the soil ecosystem,” in: R. M. Atlas, ed., Petroleum MIcro-biology, Macmillan, New York, 1984, pp. 435-479.

• C. T. I. Odu, “Degradation and weathering crude oil un- der tropical condition,” Proceeding of International Seminar of the NNPC, Warri, 9-12 November 1981, pp. 164-170

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BUDGETEXPENDITURE AMOUNT (GHC)

TRANSPORT:

1. TO 2 SITES 6

70.00

REAGENT:

1. SANITIZERS

2. CHEMICAL

55.00

EQUIPMENT1.BUCKETS 10

2.SEEDS

50.00

60.00

TOTAL 235.00

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