effective job interviewing _dr. kazi golam faruk
TRANSCRIPT
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WELCOME
WORKSHOP
ON
JOB INTERVIEW PREPARATION
&
EFFECTIVE CV WRITING
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• Three men went to a hotel to share a room
• The clerk asked for $300
• Each man paid $100, making up the $300
• The hotelkeeper then decided to allow a discount for the day, charging only $250 for the room
• He told the clerk to return $50 to the three men
• The clerk pocketed $20 for himself. He gave the remaining $30 back to the three men
• Each man took back $10. Therefore, each man paid 100 - 10 = $90 to the hotel
• $90 x 3 = $270 + the clerk's $20 = $290
• Question: Where has the remaining $10 gone?
SCRATCH YOUR HEAD
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• Attending job interview involves presence of fear • Preparation increases confidence, ensures appropriate presentation and bring success
INTRODUCTION
• The preparation mentally orient to see the role of the job in the interview board • The job interview is your opportunity to demonstrate competencies
• Preparation is required for both old and new applicants
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To help in presenting the strengths and abilities in a job interview
To provide ideas, tips and techniques to maximize chances of success
OVERALL GOAL
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Develop a clear understanding of what the hiring manager look for
Position the talents and skills which match the job mandate
Prepare for a job interview
Conduct in the interview
Respond to the most commonly asked as well as most difficult interview questions
Know how to provide behavioral answers to interview questions
Display a positive attitude throughout the job interview process
OBJECTIVE OF SESSION
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CAREER PLANNING & JOB INTERVIEWING
What is Career Planning ?
Individual Needs
Organization Needs
Match
• Success in job interview requires effective career planning
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• Preparing for the job interview requires an understanding of
career planning process as well as an investment of your time and effort
• Job interview is the culmination of career planning,
development, preparation and search efforts • You must be prepared, positive and confident to create
required impression
CAREER PLANNING & JOB INTERVIEWING
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CAREER PLANNING & JOB INTERVIEWING
Individual Needs
Organization Needs
• Job Satisfaction • Productivity • Motivation
• High Quality Work
JOB
Match Interview for the job
that matches your interest skills and aspirations…..
The purpose of career planning efforts…………….to find career
satisfaction
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Assessments Reality Checks
CAREER PLANNING PROCESS
Know Yourself
Opportunity Scans
Goals, Plans & Implementation
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Assessments Reality Checks
CAREER PLANNING PROCESS
Know Yourself
Skills ? Values ?
Preferences ? Interests ?
How others see ? Reputation ?
How is my current performance rated ?
Opportunity Scans
• Current situation ? • How org changing ? • Future opportunities ? • Skills, experiences required for other opportunities ?
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CAREER PLANNING PROCESS
Know Yourself Opportunity Scans
• Career direction, Goals, Plan ? • Needed to achieve goals ? • Next Step ? • How to Implement ?
Goals, Plans & Implementation
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Understand the
Position
@ What the hiring manager look
for?
Highlight Strengths &
Skills
@ Creating application
@ Positioning as a match
Prepare for the
Interview
@ Preparing for responses
@ Practicing
The Interview
Model
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
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Understand the Position @ What is the hiring manager looking for?
Highlight Strengths & Skills @ Creating application @ Positioning as a match
Prepare for the Interview @ Preparing for responses @ Practicing
The Interview @ Behavioral interview @ What should you ask?
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
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UNDERSTAND THE
POSITION
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
Highlight Strengths & Skills
The Interview Prepare for the Interview
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UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
UNDERSTANDING THE JOB REQUIREMENT
BENEFITS Save time
Reduce frustration Improve ability to meet the need of the position
• Invest some time in understanding the position requirement
• Completing job application is a time consuming process
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UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
HOW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
Analyze Vacancy
Announcement
Analysis of Position against
Qualifications
• Responsibilities, Competencies, Skills required?
• Look for the critical issues
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ASK YOURSELF…………….. • Do I meet the minimum qualifications? • Do I have the skills and abilities for the position? • Do I have required experiences? • Am I really interested for the position? Why? • Am I interested in the job for the right reasons? • What do I know about the Department? • Does it make sense for me to apply? • Does it fit in with my future career goals?
UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
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UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
The analysis would help to……..
• Focus your Covering Letter, Resume
• Prepare for a potential job interview
• Highlight strengths
• Identify any gaps for future development
If UNDERSTANDING THE POSITION shows positive
assessment…………….prepare application highlighting strength
Analyze Vacancy Announcement
Analysis of Position against Qualifications
HOW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
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EXERCISE JOB ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
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Understand the
Position
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
HIGHLIGHT
STRENGTHS & SKILLS
The Interview Prepare for the Interview
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
Highlight your strengths and skills by:
@ Preparing your application @ Creating a positive impression
• Create high quality and positive image • Goal should be…….to secure an interview • Ask yourself……….If I were the Hiring Manager ?
PREPARING APPLICATION
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
• Application
• CV/Resume
• Cover Letter
PREPARING APPLICATION
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
APPLICATION
• Have a clear self assessment • Think about your strength, interest and objective as you put your application forward • Present yourself in the form of benefits
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Application CV/Resume Cover Letter
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Application CV/Resume Cover Letter
• Curriculum vitae (CV) is a Latin expression - means ‘course of life’ • CV provides an overview of a person's experience and other qualifications • CV is the first item that a potential employer encounters regarding the job seeker • Typically used to screen applicants often followed by an interview
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Application CV/Resume Cover Letter
• Resume is a document used by individuals to present their background and skill sets • A typical résumé contains a summary of relevant job experience and education • The résumé is comparable to a curriculum vitae (CV) in many countries • In UK, Canada and the United States résumé is substantially shorter than CV
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CV & RESUME ??? • Resume is 01/02 page summary of skills, experience and
education. CV is longer (at least 02 page) • Resume is brief and concise, CV is more detailed • CV includes summary of academic backgrounds, research,
publications, presentations, awards, honors, affiliations and other details. Resume focuses more on skills and achievements
• Resumes often miss out some of the more personal details that CVs include, such as hobbies and interests
• In Europe, Middle East, Africa or Asia, employers expect CV. In
USA, resumes are more common, and CVs are for academia
HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
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• Send a focused and concise cover letter • Address it to an individual (if possible) • Focus on the skills, competencies and
experiences related to the job • Use powerful and professional words
HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
• Cover letter is a letter of introduction attached to résumé or CV • Introduces you and your resume • First document an employer sees • Also called Motivation Letter
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Application CV/Resume Cover Letter
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
PREPARING APPLICATION
CREATING POSITIVE IMPRESSION
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
PREPARATION STAGE
AFTER THE INTERVIEW
DURING THE INTERVIEW
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• Learn about the company history, its employees and specific job that you want • Review the job ad for the description, qualifications and requirements of the position • Be clear on your own interests and career goals • Plan out your answers to some standard questions • Get a good night’s sleep • Have pen, paper, copies of CV etc
HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
CREATING POSITIVE IMPRESSION
PREPARATION STAGE
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
CREATING POSITIVE IMPRESSION
PREPARATION STAGE
DURING THE INTERVIEW
• Arrive early for the interview • Actively participate in the conversation…….listen actively, make eye contact, shake hands etc • Answers questions honestly • Come prepared to defend your CV • Ask questions about the job • Answers questions calmly • Thank your interviewer
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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
CREATING POSITIVE IMPRESSION
PREPARATION STAGE
DURING THE INTERVIEW
• Write thank you notes • Recap any major issues that you would like to remind • Explain why you are still interested • Keep the letter brief and positive
AFTER THE INTERVIEW
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CAN YOU THINK OF ANYTHING ELSE TO
MAXIMIZE YOUR CHANCES OF SUCCESS ????
HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
PREPARING APPLICATION
CREATING POSITIVE IMPRESSION
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Understand the
Position
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
Highlights
Strengths & Skills
PREPARE FOR
THE INTERVIEW The Interview
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
General interview
guide approach
Standardized, open-ended interview
Closed, fixed-response
interview
Informal interview
INTER VIEW
A formal discussion between a hirer and an applicant in which information is exchanged to judge applicant’s suitability for a position
INTERVIEW ? Four Types
• Understand the Position • Highlight Strength & Skills • Prepare for Interview
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
INFORMAL INTERVIEW
• No predetermined questions are asked • The interviewer goes with the flow
GENERAL INTERVIEW GUIDE APPROACH
• Same general areas of information are collected from each interviewee • More focus than the conversational approach, but still allows a degree of freedom in getting the information from the interviewee
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
OPEN-ENDED INTERVIEW
• Same open-ended questions are asked to all interviewees • This approach facilitates faster interviews
CLOSED, FIXED-RESPONSE INTERVIEW
• All interviewees are asked the same questions • Useful for those not practiced in interviewing
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
CLOSED QUESTIONS………….Extract specific information • What was your major? • Where did you receive military training?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS………….Extract more than a simple answer • What are your career goals ? • Do you feel qualified for this ? • Why did you leave your former employer ? • What kind of job duties are you interested in ?
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
FOCUSED QUESTIONS………….Extract focus answers • Tell me your experience in training • How did you demonstrate your team work in your last job ?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
LEADING QUESTIONS…………usually answered with a yes or no • You majored in marketing ? • You were a supervisor at the time ?
SITUATIONAL QUESTIONS…………questions provide a more personal point of view • Give us an example of the biggest challenge you had in the past • Describe a situation where you had to calm an angry customer
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS………….Keep probing and asking till clarification • What was your major in MBA ? Ans: HRM How does your major prepare you for this position?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
SUMMARY - TYPES OF INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Closed questions Open-ended questions
Focused questions Leading questions
Situational questions Follow-up questions
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BEFORE YOUR INTERVIEW CHECKLIST • Find out information about the hiring manager, department,
their services, issues, challenges, success, changes etc • Confirm time, location and name of individual whom you will
meet • Review your application document • Develop a list of questions • Practice your responses (aloud) to Common, Difficult and
Behavioral interview questions
THINK ONLY POSITIVE THOUGHTS ABOUT YOURSELF
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
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YOUR MOST DIFFICULT QUESTIONS • You can be asked job related questions including questions
of previous jobs/supervisors • Think in advance and practice your response
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
EXAMPLES • What you don’t like about your present supervisor? • Has your work ever been criticized? Why? What was said? • Do you think you might be overqualified for this position?
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EXERCISE
YOUR MOST DIFFICULT QUESTIONS
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MOST COMMONLY ASKED INTERVIEW QUESTIONS • Variety of questions (including unimportant) are asked • Think in advance and practice your response
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
EXAMPLES • What is the biggest mistake you have ever made? • What do you consider to be your two greatest strengths? • Tell me a little bit about your background. • What did you really enjoy /dislike about your last job? • Why did you leave your position? • What have you done to upgrade your skills? • What was your greatest contribution to the department? • What are your areas of weakness? • What responsibilities do you enjoy most? • Do you have any questions?
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SAMPLE RESPONSES TO COMMONLY ASKED
QUESTIONS
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
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TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF • Talk about skills, traits, accomplishments and interest • Focus on manager’s need • Concise and reasonable length
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
TELL ME ABOUT YOUR LAST JOB
• Stress accomplishments, results and benefits • Pick the most relevant to the needs of the manager
SAMPLE RESPONSE TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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WHAT RESPONSIBILITIES DO YOU ENJOY MOST IN YOUR CURRENT POSITION ?
• Refer to identical responsibilities • If last job and next job are different, find honest ways to
bridge the gap • This response to be thought through in advance
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
WHAT ARE YOUR STRENGTHS ?
• Another opportunity to present your skills and achievements • Make them as relevant as possible
SAMPLE RESPONSE TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
WHAT ARE YOUR WEAKNESSES ?
Two Answers: (1) Providing a weakness which is not really seen as a weakness (2) Say……….no weakness
SAMPLE RESPONSE TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
WHAT SHOULD YOU ASK • The interview is a two way exchange of information • Don’t ask too many questions
EXAMPLES • Can you tell me the key result areas for this job? • What are some of the challenges facing this position? • Who would I be reporting to? • What aspects of this position need immediate attention? • When is the position available? • What skills would be an asset in this position? • How long has this position been available?
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BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEWING “Past performance is the best indicator of Future Performance” • Probing type questions are asked to determine your past
performance, achievements and contributions • It determines how successful you might be in the position
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
EXAMPLES • Tell me about a situation when you went above and beyond
your managers expectations? • Describe a team you participated on and how did you
contribute? • Tell me about a time where you had a number of demands being
made on you at the same time? How did you handle it? • Describe a time where you demonstrated excellent listening
skills?
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PREPARATION FOR BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEWING • Best Prep – Prepare a wide range of brief stories about your
accomplishment. Be aware of specific skills • Sometime interviewers probe contrary information @ Discovering a positive, they seek a negative @ Discovering a negative, they seek a positive • They also ask……………….. . Strengths and weaknesses . Success and failures . Challenges and problems
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
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WHAT THE INTERVIEWER LOOK FOR
• The interviewer rate skills in two major areas
@ Job or technical skills – specific knowledge for doing the task
@ Performance skills – often reflect how a person does a particular job
Tips: The best way to answer behavioral questions is to recall a situation, your action and the outcome
PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
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EXERCISE
BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEW
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Understand the
position
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW
Highlight Strengths & Skills
THE INTERVIEW Prepare for
the Interview
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OVERALL COMMUNICATION STRATEGY • Focus on establishing a good rapport with your interviewer • Interviewers make judgments on qualifications based
primarily on what you communicate to them
THE INTERVIEW
The job interview is the culmination of all preparation
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THE INTERVIEW
ACTIVE LISTENING • Active listening is important as an interview proceeds • Be certain that you hear accurately @ Best way to do this…… Summarize important information
and ask if your summary is correct • Your accuracy as a listener demonstrates specific skills you
have that might be of value • Don’t assume that everyone understand you @ Best way to Judge………….Check back with the other person
to make sure your message is clear
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THE INTERVIEW
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION • Body language can be interpreted both positively and
negatively @ Avoid distractions @ Tense behavior conveys a lack of confidence @ Facial expressions should show enthusiasm……..SMILE @ Good eye contact . Single Interviewer . Group Interviewer
EYE CONTACT : LET THE INTERVIEWERS KNOW THAT YOU NOTICE THEM NOTICING
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DURING THE INTERVIEW YOU NEED TO: • Match your qualifications and skills • Actively listen, respond with interest and ask questions
about the responsibilities of the position • Explain how you fit
• Establish rapport with the interviewer at the beginning
• Substantiate your qualifications with specific examples of
accomplishments
• Prepare answers to areas of weakness
THE INTERVIEW
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PURPOSE . See… how you fit into a particular group . See …how you handle talking with several people at once . Get a cross section of opinions . All people in hiring can see all candidates at the same time
THE INTERVIEW
Same time
More than
one
person
Same room
Mixture of people
PANEL
INTERVIEW
PANEL
INTERVIEW
????
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You Require…………….. . To adopt more of a presentation style to
your answers . To find a way to feel comfortable in front of
group of people
THE INTERVIEW
PANEL
INTERVIEW
SOME TIPS FOR PANEL INTERVIEW • Try to remember each persons name and title • Give each person some attention-verbally and non-verbally • Remember to shake hands with all when entering and
leaving the interview • Maintain good eye contact
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POST INTERVIEW CHECKLIST • Was I prepared? Relaxed? Well rested? • Did the introduction go smoothly? • Did I make regular eye contact? • Did I smile regularly? • How did I respond to the questions? • What two things did I do very well? • What two things would I do differently next time? • Was I professional, cool and calm?
THE INTERVIEW
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POST INTERVIEW CHECKLIST • Did I ask good questions? • Was I dressed appropriately? • Was I on time? • Was I enthusiastic about the position? • Did I target my response to the hiring managers need? • Did I communicate my interest in the position? • Was my posture appropriate? • Did I give specific examples to substantiate my skills, abilities and
talents?
THE INTERVIEW
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POST INTERVIEW CHECKLIST • Did I make it clear to the manager why I should be hired? • Did I thank the hiring manager for taking the time to
interview me? • What question could I have answered differently? • What did I learn from this experience? • Did I ask about the next step in the process? • What would I do differently the next time?
THE INTERVIEW
YOU CAN ALSO USE THESE QUESTIONS
AS A PRE-INTERVIEW CHECKLIST
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SKILL PRACTICE WORKSHEET
• Prepare for your role by discussing the position being interviewed for with your role play partner
• Together agree on an area of competency for that position e.g. communications, problem solving, technical skills
• Develop a behavioral type response for that competency
• Be prepared to respond during your interview
• Think about commonly asked questions and be prepared e.g.
. Tell me about yourself?
. What are your strengths and weakness?
. What makes you qualified for this position?
• Develop a question you would want to ask the interviewer
THE INTERVIEW
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EXERCISE
INTERVIEW WORKSHEET
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STANDARD SECTION OF RESUME
• Profile Summary
• Career History
• Education
• Professional Development
• Clubs, Associations, Memberships
CV & RESUME
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CONTENTS OF CV • Name, address, telephone, cell phone, email • Objective • Professional Profile (optional) • Career Chronology (organization, location, appointment,
major areas of experience, major duties performed) • Education and Training (dates, majors, and details of
degrees, training and certification, high school, college, university)
• Professional Qualifications (certifications and accreditations, computer skills)
• Awards, Publications, Professional Memberships • Personal Details (father’s name, mother’s name ,
date of birth, marital status, religion, interest, language known)
• References
CV & RESUME
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CV / RESUME
PROFILE SUMMARY
………..Usually consists 03-05 key phrases ………..Encompasses both human and technical talent ………..These are the answers of primary questions IN A NUTSHELL, Who are you and what are your key skills & strengths?
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SAMPLE SKILL/COMPETENCY STATEMENT
• Excellent strategic organizational planning and coordination skills for project and program initiation, staffing, start-up, implementation and timely completion within limited budgets and resources
• Good supervisory strengths for staff management, delegation, supervision, training and conflict resolution
• Good interpersonal and leadership skills for facilitation of a positive team oriented management style
• Extensive and successful experience and expertise in financial resource acquisitions and management, equipment procurement and budget development
CV / RESUME
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CV / RESUME
CAREER ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Demonstrate how you used your talents, strengths, competencies and skills to achieve results IN A NUTSHELL, What have you done? How did you do it? What was the result?
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SAMPLE ACCOMPLISHMENT STATEMENT
• Acted as a facilitator at conferences and designed training courses on interview techniques and assertiveness training
• Communicated effectively and diplomatically with professional colleagues as an analyst, and as an advisor to boards and senior political officials
• Under constraints of governmental mandates, maintained contractual compliance ensuring continued and increased funds availability
• Analyzed system needs and assisted design, development and implementation of customized accounting system to replace an outdated manual system
• Prepared, implemented and maintained a departmental operating budget in excess $ 1 M.
CV / RESUME
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CV / RESUME
EDUCATION
………..Highlight education completed/in progress ………..Include all degrees, diplomas, certificates IN A NUTSHELL, What academic qualifications do you have related to the position?
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
• Highlights courses, workshops, seminars or programs completed IN A NUTSHELL, What have you done lately to improve your technical and interpersonal skills?
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CV / RESUME
CLUBS, ASSOCIATIONS, MEMBERSHIP,
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
………..List all clubs, associations, memberships or professional affiliations ………..If you are in a leadership role on any association, be sure to include it IN A NUTSHELL, How have you added value to the community or fulfilled your social responsibility?
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BEST PRACTICES OF CV / RESUME
• Should be typed
• Headings are easily distinguishable and clear
• Length- not more than 02 pages (Resume), 08 pages (CV)
• Print on high quality paper, preferably on white
• Use a reader friendly font and style
• Focus content according to the requirements of position
• Ensure error freeness ( spelling, grammatical etc)
• Ensure it is free of any dirt
• Lead from a position of strength, regardless of your education or experience
• Strike a balance between too much and too little information
• Use 8.5 x 11 envelope to avoid folding
CV & RESUME
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN THE INTERVIEW PROCESS ? • Introduction • Questions and Answers • Closing • Follow up
WHAT THE INTERVIEWERS LOOK FOR ? • Job Knowledge • Skills • Abilities • Personal Characteristics
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
HOW CAN YOU BUILD CONFIDENCE ? • Talk about best points • Speak with confidence • Do use words that show you have faith in yourself • Answer the interviewers concern • Avoid negative statement • Don’t use weak words
WHAT ARE THE KEY TO SUCCESS ? • Distinguish yourself • Communicate a strong understanding of the job • Express how your strengths not only meet but exceed requirements even in a worst case scenario • Demonstrate how you will add value to the organization
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
HOW TO MAKE A GOOD IMPRESSION ? • Learn about the company history, its employees and specific job that you want • Dress professionally • Arrive early for the interview • Actively participate in the conversation…….listen actively, make eye contact, shake hands etc • Answers questions honestly • Come prepared to defend your CV • Ask questions about the job • Answers questions calmly • Thank your interviewer • Write thank you notes…………should be short and positive
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EXERCISE - INTERVIEWING
• HIGHEST HOPES
What do you think you can accomplish during an interview for
which you are prepared and confident………that is your highest
hope
• WORST FEARS
What is about a job interview that most concerns you………that
is your worst fear
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THANK YOU