Social Problems, 13eD. Stanley EitzenMaxine Baca ZinnKelly Eitzen Smith

Chapter 3World Population andGlobal Inequality

World Population and Global Inequality

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AP

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R 3

Learning Objectives

3.1 Understand the factors affecting world population growth.

3.2 Describe the extent of world poverty and the consequences of that poverty.

3.3 Explain the relationship between the United States and poor nations around the world.

3.4 Discuss how the U.S. and other wealthy nations can help impoverished countries.

3.1 - World Population Growth

• Demographic Transition

• Family Planning

• Societal Changes

LO 3.1

Rate of global population growth

1830 = 1 billion1930 = 2 billion1960 = 3 billion1995 = 4 billion1987 = 5 billion1999 = 6 billion2011 = 7 billion2025 = 8 billion2043 = 9 billion

• Assumes global fertility rate of 2.01• Poor nations have a higher fertility

rate

• Differential fertility: Differences in the average number of children born to a woman by social category

• How do we deal with the expanding population?

LO 3.1

LO 3.1 - Demographic Transition

• Nations go through a three-stage process in economic development:1. Agricultural

2. Transition

3. Industrial/Urban

• Many developing nations are in stage 2 today.

LO 3.1

LO 3.1 - Family Planning

• Reproductive health became part of the mission of international organizations in the 1960s

• Effective contraception – Cost

– Political change

The World Bank estimates that about $8 billion would make birth control readily available globally.

LO 3.1

LO 3.1 - Societal Changes

• Cultural values

• Religious beliefs

• Women’s roles

• Education

LO 3.1

According to the demographic transition theory, the key to stabilizing a country’s population is __________.

A. agriculture

B. government control

C. modernization

D. equality

LO 3.1

According to the demographic transition theory, the key to stabilizing a country’s population is __________.

A. agriculture

B. government control

C. modernization

D. equality

LO 3.1

Most of the world’s population growth is occurring in developed nations.

A. True

B. False

LO 3.1

Most of the world’s population growth is occurring in developed nations.

A. True

B. False

3.2 - Poverty

• Food and Hunger

• Sickness and Disease

• The New Slavery

• Concentration of Misery in Cities

LO 3.2 - Food and Hunger

• The world’s farmers produce enough food to feed the global population, yet:– 9 million people die of malnutrition each year– 1 in 7 people are malnourished– 1 in 3 people are food insecure

LO 3.2 - Sickness and Disease

• Chronic malnutrition– High infant mortality rates– Shorter life expectancy– A stunting of physical and mental capacities

• Lack of safe water and unsanitary conditions

• AIDS pandemic

LO 3.2 - The New Slavery

• 27 million slaves in the world today (estimated)

• Extreme poverty sometimes forces people into slavery

• Prostitution, domestic workers, and plantation workers are examples

• International traffic in slavery

Often the poor must place themselves in debt bondage, using one’s family as collateral, thus enslaving their children.

LO 3.2

LO 3.2 - Concentration of Misery in Cities

• In 1800, 3 percent of the world’s population lived in cities– 1950 – 30 percent– 2010 – 50.5 percent– By 2050 – 70 percent

• Cities cannot handle the exploding populations

LO 3.2 - Video: Global Wealth and Poverty

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/sociology/videos/Apcontent/child_labor_kenya.html

LO 3.2

The rapid population growth in __________ areas exacerbates problems like racism, crime, and pollution.

A. rural

B. urban

C. suburban

D. agricultural

LO 3.2

The rapid population growth in __________ areas exacerbates problems like racism, crime, and pollution.

A. rural

B. urban

C. suburban

D. agricultural

LO 3.2

After rapid growth, now the global rate of HIV infection has decreased.

A. True

B. False

LO 3.2

After rapid growth, now the global rate of HIV infection has decreased.

A. True

B. False

3.3 - U.S. Relations with the Developing World

• Transnational Corporations

LO 3.3

Reasons for underdevelopment:

1.Climate, geography, and warfare

2.Colonialism and economic domination

LO 3.3 - Transnational Corporations

• Control the world’s economy

• Most are based in the United States with operations in poor countries

• Arms sales– Corporate sales that endanger lives

• Corporate dumping

LO 3.3

Although no longer a practice, the historical effects of __________ has left many nations without the resources to develop.

A. colonialism

B. urbanization

C. the one-child policy

D. industrialization

LO 3.3

Although no longer a practice, the historical effects of __________ has left many nations without the resources to develop.

A. colonialism

B. urbanization

C. the one child policy

D. industrialization

LO 3.3

Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has sold weapons abroad worth well over $100 billion.

A. True

B. False

LO 3.3

Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has sold weapons abroad worth well over $100 billion.

A. True

B. False

3.4 - United States in the Global Village

• Wealthy nations can provide humanitarian aid to developing nations with three conditions:1. Aid is truly humanitarian

2. Aid reaches intended targets

3. Governments develop sensible plans to utilize aid

LO 3.4 - Explorer Activity: Global Inequality: Chasing the American Dream: U.S. Immigration Patterns

• http://www.socialexplorer.com/pearson/plink.aspx?dest=http%3a%2f%2fwww.socialexplorer.com%2fSpiceMap%2f%3fv%3d29d4f4409d0d4ff9

• Please log into MySocLab with your username and password before accessing this link.

LO 3.4

In helping the global village, wealthy nations can aid poorer nations, but they must assure the aid __________.

A. is earned legitimately

B. creates jobs in the United States

C. is culturally relevant

D. reaches those in need

LO 3.4

In helping the global village, wealthy nations can aid poorer nations, but they must assure the aid __________.

A. is earned legitimately

B. creates jobs in the United States

C. is culturally relevant

D. reaches those in need

LO 3.4

The fate of the world’s poorest nations is economically crucial to wealthy nations.

A. True

B. False

LO 3.4

The fate of the world’s poorest nations is economically crucial to wealthy nations.

A. True

B. False

LO 3.4 Question for Discussion

Discuss the implications of the arms trade for the U.S. military and for U.S. society as a whole.