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A Computer-based Decision Support System for Septoriosis Control in Winter Wheat: implementation in

Belgium and Grand-Duchy of Luxemburg.

El JARROUDI Moussa and TYCHON Bernard

Agrometeorological Research Group

Faculty of Sciences- Department of Environmental Sciences and Management

University of Liège - Belgium

ENDURE Meeting – Versailles – 15.11.2007

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The optimum time

of fungicide application

ModellingCultivar-Topo-climatological conditions-

Parasite

Use of statistical tools and Software packages

for diseases management

Winter wheat field

Water table

Spraying

The risk of strain’s resistance

Bees

Socio-economicTarget WarningsConcern of the environment

Why to set up a decision support system for diseases control in wheat?

Financial and environmental profitability

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INPUT

Infection Periods (hours)

Latent periodThe number of such hours per day are then

added up and all further estimations are based on

daily data• > 0.1 mm in 1st H

• > 0.5 mm in the 2nd H

• RH > 60% for 19 H

• T >4°C for 48 H

• Calculated by polynomial equation (SHAW, 1990)

• Relationship between latent period and t°

The evolution of the latent period is

calculated daily on the basis of mean daily

temperature and summed up to 100%

Estimation of the disease progression on the upper

leaves (F5 to F1)

Estimation of primary and secondary infection

expressed on the upper leaves (F5 to F1)

Graph

OUTPUT

Crop sowing date

Hourly weather data and phenological stages

Calculation with the phyllochron principle

(130 degree.days)

The Proculture Model *

* Maraite H and Moreau JM, 1999

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PROCULTURE OUTPUTSPROCULTURE OUTPUTSForecast of the percentage of the area covered by sporulating S. tritici(beige: Primary infection, brown: Secondary infection

Leaf area development

Percentage of the leaf area covered by sporulating S.tritici(Pink: Primary infection, red: secondary infection)Logarithmic

scale

Sowing date

Rainfall (mm)

Temperature (°C)

Calculated leaf natural senesence

Relative humidity (%)

Date

Forecast of the latency duration according to temperature

Example of latent period

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Automatic weather stations

• > 0.1 mm in 1st H

• > 0.5 mm in the 2nd H

• RH > 60% for 19 H

• T >4°C for 48 H

Criteria for infection

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The Proculture decision-making

Everlange 2006- AkteurPreceding crop: fallow Warning

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Reuler 2006- DekanPreceding crop: Maize

The Proculture decision-making

Warning canceled

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4. Juni 20074. Juni 2007Weekly crop state, juin 4, 2007

Cultivar: TommiPreceding crop: MaizeSowing date: 12.10.06Growth stage: GS69Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.Brown rust: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.

Sorte: CUBUSPreceding crop: Canola seedSowing date: 11.10.06Growth stage: GS75Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.Brown rust: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.

Cultivar: AkteurPreceding crop: MaizeSowing date: 7.10.06Growth stage: GS65Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3Brown rust: symptoms on F1, F2 and F3Yellow rust: Two focus of yellow rust were observed.

Cultivar: AKTEURPreceding crop: PeaSowing date: 10.10.06Growth stage: GS70Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.

Cultivar: ACHATPreceding crop: Pea Sowing date: 10.10.06Growth stage: GS69+Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.

Cultivar: FLAIRPreceding crop: PeaSowing date: 10.10.06Growth stage: GS72Septoria tritici: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.Brown rust: Symptoms on F1, F2 and F3.

This week, very important symptoms were observed on F1 leaves. These symptoms exceeded 20 % infection for some F1 leaves. The mid-May rainfall is the cause of this infection, probably due to

spores stemming from Mycosphearella graminicola ascospores. The end of May sweet night-temperatures were very favorable to the brown rust germination. Rains registered in the flowering stage provided convenient conditions for the fusarium head blight. Finally, the foci of yellow rust were observed for the first time at Reuler.

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Proculture Proculture Septoriosis ModelSeptoriosis Model

CERESCERESModule of leaf rustModule of leaf rust

Coupling of phyllochron Coupling of phyllochron and latent periodand latent period

YieldYield

Simulation functions of the kinetics of degradation

of the green surface

Coupling of CERES and Coupling of CERES and PROCULTUREPROCULTURE

Calculation of the useful green surface and

disturbances bound to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)

and Septoria tritici blotch

To provide an optimum time frame for site-specific

spraying and distribute these results in real-time to the

farming community.

Estimation of fungicides residues

Impact of fungicides on

water and soils.

To establish the economic and environmental

threshold of fungicides application

PRZMPRZM

AUDPCHADHAA

AUVDPCPADPAA

PartnersUlg

INRA

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Expected results• Expertise, software and data exchange between

INRA (UMR XXX EGC-AgroPariTech, Grignon) and ULg

• Strenghtening of the CERES-PRZM approach used in the ENDURE project

• Conversion of an epidemiological tool to a nuisibility tool (including yield losses)

• Extension of a soil-plant-atmosphere model to an environmental impact assessment tool