Elaine M. Prins

NOAA/NESDIS/ORAAdvanced Satellite Products Team

Madison, Wisconsin

elaine.prins@ssec.wisc.edu

Chris C. SchmidtJoleen M. Feltz

UW-MadisonCooperative Institute for

Meteorological Satellite Studies

Plan for GOES-9 Wildfire ABBA Fire Monitoring and Data AccessFor Southeast Asia

GOFC-Fire S.E. Asia Regional Workshop, January 21, 2003 Fukuoka, Japan

UW-MadisonCooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS)

National Oceanic andAtmosphericAdministration (NOAA)

Advanced Satellite Products Team (ASPT)

National Aeronauticsand Space Administration

Activation of GOES-9 Over the Western Pacific

In April 2003 the GOES-9 will be made operational over the Western Pacific at as a replacement for GMS-5 until MTSAT-1R is launched in 2003 and activated.

GOES-9 will be located at 155ºE providing fire detection throughout the region with excellent coverage of the Western Pacific, Southeast Asia and Australia.

The final scanning schedule of the GOES-9 Imager will be determined in collaboration with the JMA. It will include at least 1 full disk per hour plus additional scans, including smaller sectors at select time periods.

GOES-9 Imagery will be available via GVAR Direct Readout and via DOMSAT.Imagery will be available via GVAR Direct Readout and via DOMSAT.

Timeline: Station Change of the GOES-9

Dec Feb MarJan MayAprG9 Return to Normal On-OrbitG9 N/SG9 Start Drift

GOES9 Drift, ~0.80 deg/day (~125 days)

Stopmaneuver205 W~ third weekIn April

OperationsStart April 1~ 190 W

Imaging via Fairbanks 21-meter

WCDA (Wallops) to FCDA (Fairbanks)HandoverBefore 135 W

FCDA GS OT&E

T&C Fairbanks 13-meter

Eclipse Season

Imaging via Wallops

Suspend imagingAt ~128 deg WTransition to 13mSupport

(Critical commanding)

T&C via Wallops

Timeline courtesy of T. Renkevens NOAA/NESDIS/OSDPD

Satellite View Angle

80° 65°

Overview of GOES-9 Fire Monitoring Capabilities for SE Asia

GOES Imager Characteristics

Band Wavelength IGFOV Sampled Subpoint NEDT (microns) (km) Resolution (km) 1 0.52-.72 1.0x1.0 0.57x1.0 10-bit data 2 3.78-4.03 4.0x4.0 2.3x4.0 .23 K @ 300 K 3 6.47-7.02 8.0x8.0 2.3x8.0 .30 K @ 230 K 4 10.2-11.2 4.0x4.0 2.3x4.0 .14 K @ 300 K 5 11.5-12.5 4.0x4.0 2.3x4.0 .26 K @ 300 K

Oversampling in the East/West direction with a sub-sampled res of 2.3x4.0 km provides a better opportunity to capture an entire fire within a fov.

High temporal resolution: every hour GOES-8 band 2 has a saturation temperature of 324 K.

This may result in numerous non-fire saturation points during peak heating hours. Fire size detectability limits with a fire temperature of 750K:

Equator: .15 ha 50°N: .32 ha

Fire Monitoring Characteristics

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 5 10 15

Wavelength (um)

Bla

ck

bo

dy

Ra

dia

nc

e (

W m

-2 u

m-1

sr-1

)

700 K

600 K

500 K

400 K300 K

10.8 micron band3.75 micron band

Pixel

The Basics of GOES Satellite Infrared Fire Detection

p

1-p

(Example from South America)

Overview of Current Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm System

A. WF_ABBA algorithm in McIDAS Environment - Automated (DELL 900 mhz dual proc., Linux, BASH scripts)

Part I: Identify and log all remotely possible fire pixels

- Input: - GOES multiband (vis, 4 micron, 11 micron) McIDAS areas

- Aviation model forecast in McIDAS grid format - Ecosystem McIDAS area (AVHRR GLCC)

- Transmittance offset lookup table ASCII file

- Output: - Files (McIDAS MD and ASCII) documenting any remotely possible fires: lat., lon., T4, T11, Tb4, Tb11, ecosystem, other variables

Part II: Screen/filter fire pixels, account for oversampling, temporal filtering, create output fire pixel images, and log results

- Input: - Output ASCII file from Part I - GOES single band McIDAS areas

- Output: - Files (McIDAS MD and ASCII) documenting processed, saturated, cloudy, and all possible fires lat., lon., T4, T11, Tb4, Tb11, estimates of fire size/temp, ecosystem type, and bookkeeping variables - McIDAS areas with fire pixels identified

B. Generation of alpha-blended composite fire products - Automated (BASH scripts) - Series of McIDAS commands, programs, and scripts

C. Dissemination of data and imagery via anonymous ftp and animations on the web - Automated

Implementation of a Real-Time Geostationary Diurnal Fire Product for the Western Pacific

Prior to the activation of GOES-9 in April 2003, UW-Madison CIMSS will modify the GOES-8/-10 WF_ABBA for application with GOES-9 using GOES-9 data collected during the December 2001 – January 2002 checkout period.

Once GOES-9 is activated over the Western Pacific at 155ºE, further modifications will be made to the GOES-9 WF_ABBA taking into consideration the biomes within the operational domain. The GOES-9 WF_ABBA fire product will be compared with other regional fire products and available ground truth.

The GOES-8/GOES-10 WF_ABBA processing system will be revised to allow automated GOES-9 image processing and fire product data distribution.

GOES-9 multi-spectral Imager data will be acquired from the UW-Madison SSEC Data Center in GVAR format in real-time.

UW-Madison CIMSS will provide half-hourly GOES WF_ABBA fire products via the web and anonymous ftp in real time for the duration of the GOES-9 activation over the Western Pacific.

This activity will help to prepare for the implementation of a MTSAT-1R fire product and a global geostationary fire monitoring system.

GOES-EGOES-W MSG MTSAT

0-40-80-120-160 40 80 120 160

80

60

40

20

0

-20

-40

-60

-80

Satellite View Angle

80° 65°

Satellite Spectral Bands

Resolution IGFOV (km)

SSR (km)

Full Disk Coverage

4 m Saturation Temperature (K)

Minimum Fire Size at Equator (at 750 K)

GOES-E 1 visible 4 IR

1.0 4.0 (8)

0.57 2.3

3 hours 335 K 0.15

GOES-W 1 visible 4 IR

1.0 4.0 (8)

0.57 2.3

3 hours ???? 0.15

MSG SEVIRI (2002)

3 visible 1 near-IR 8 IR

1.6 (4.8) 4.8 4.8

1.0 (3.0) 3.0 3.0

15 minutes > 335 0.22

MTSAT-1R JAMI (2003)

1 visible 4 IR

0.5 2.0

18 minutes ~320 0.03

322

International Global Geostationary Active Fire Monitoring:Geographical Coverage

The GOES-9 Wildfire ABBA Processing System will provide fire products similar to those currently produced in real time with the GOES-8/-10 data for North, Central, and South America

Examples and applications are provided from the GOES-8/-10 WF-ABBA in the following slides.

Animations of Wildfire ABBA composite image products are being provided via anonymous ftp and the web every half-hour at:http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/burn/wfabba.html

Displays include three overviews and 35 regional views providing coverage of the entire Western Hemisphere.

Examples of Regional View Sectors

GOES-8/-10 Half-hourly Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm (WF_ABBA)

Web Distribution Online Since September 2000

The GOES WF_ABBA Monitored the Rapid Intensification of Wildfires During the 2002 Fire Season in the Western U.S.

GOES-8 Wildfire ABBA Summary Composite of Filtered Half-Hourly Fire

Observations for the Western Hemisphere

Time Period: September 1, 2001 to August 31, 2002

The composite shows the much higher incidence of burning in Central and South America, primarily associated with deforestation and agricultural management.

Fire Pixel Distribution

North America (30-70°N): 12% Central America (10-30°N): 11% South America (70°S-10°N): 77%

Processed

Saturated

Cloudy

High Possibility

Medium Possibility

Fire Pixel Category

The base map for this compositeimage is derived from theGlobal Land Cover Characteristicsdatabase provided by the USGS

NOAA/NESDIS/ORA ASPTUW-Madison CIMSS

GOES-8 Wildfire ABBAFiltered Fire Pixel

Difference CompositeFor the Western Hemisphere

Yellow indicates fire pixels onlydetected in the first year:September 2000 – August 2001

Red indicates fire pixels onlydetected in the second year:September 2001 – August 2002

Comparisons of Agricultural Burning and Wildfires in Argentina in Austral Summer 2001 and 2002

Fires

1 December 2001 through

31 January 2002

1 December 2000 through

31 January 2001

MOPITT CO composite is courtesy of the MOPITT team:

John Gille (NCAR),James Drummond (University of Toronto), David Edwards (NCAR)

EOS MOPITT identifies elevated carbon monoxide associated with

biomass burning detected with the GOES ABBA

GOES-8 South American ABBA Composite Fire Product

September 7, 2000

Comparison of GOES ABBA Fire Observations and the EOS MOPITT CO Product

GOES-8 WF_ABBA Detected Fires: 1–7 January 2001

MOPITT CO Max

Smoke Pall

Comparison between WF_ABBA Fire Observations and MOPITT CO ProductArgentina Cerrado Fires

MOPITT Total Column CO: 1–3 January 2001

MOPITT carbon monoxide composite is courtesy of J. Warner (NCAR) and the MOPITT Science team

Real-time Assimilation of the Wildfire ABBA Fire Products into the NAAPS ModelTo Diagnose and Predict Aerosol Extent and Transport

GOES WF_ABBA Fire ProductPoint Sources for 13 August 2002

Emissions based on WF_ABBA (kg [CO]/m2 sec)

Modeled CO at surface for 13 August 2002 at 12 UTC

Modeled PM2.5 (int. column) for 13 August 2002 at 12 UTC

Real-Time Model Assimilation of the GOES-8 Wildfire ABBA (WF_ABBA) Fire Product

at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

In South America, GOES-8 WF_ABBA fire products are assimilated into the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS, CSU-USA) in real-time to diagnose the transport of biomass burning emissions of carbon monoxide and PM2.5. (Freitas and Longo, University of Sao Paulo)

Imagery courtesy of S. Freitas and K. Longo, USP