Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference

ElectrorheologicalFluids andMagnetorheologicalSuspensionsNice, France 9 - 1 3 July, 2001

G. BossisNice University, France

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World Scientifici ^ New Jersey London'Singapore *Hong Kong

CONTENTS

Preface

I. APPLICATIONS

Multiple Application of Magnetorheological Effect in High PrecisionFinishing

W. Kordonski and A. Don Golini 3

New Microscopic Polishing with Magnetic Compound Fluid (MCF)K. Shimada, Y. Akagami, S. Kamiyama, T. Fujita,T. Miyazaki and A. Shibayama 9

Impact of Droplets of Magneto-Rheological Suspension under AppliedMagnetic Fields

S. Sudo, M. Funaoka and H. Nishiyama 16

Caster-Walker with Intelligent Brakes Employing ER Fluid Composed ofLiquid Crystalline Polysiloxane

A. Inoue, U. Ryu and S. Nishimura 23

Lyapunov-based Control of a Bridge using Magneto-RheologicalFluid Dampers

X. Wang and F. Gordaninejad 30

Industrial Benefits of ERF-Technology (A Development Report from theIndustry)

D. Adams and L. Johnston 37

Vibration Isolation of Structural Systems using Squeeze ModeER Mount

S. R. Hong, S. B. Choi, W. J. Jung and W. B. Jeong 43

The Rheological Characteristics of Electrorheological Fluids in DynamicSqueeze

A. K. El Wahed and J. L. Sproston 50

Development of ER Brake and Its Application to Passive Force DisplayJ. Furusho, M. Sakaguchi, N. Takesue and K. Koyanagi 57

What Makes a Good MR Fluid?J. David Carlson 53

ix

Study on the Vibration Attenuation of a Driver Seat using an MR FluidDamper

Y. Lee and D. Jeon 70

Electrorheological Damper Analysis using an Eyring ConstitutiveRelationship

L. Bitman, Y.-T. Choi and N. M. Wereley 77

Investigation of Dynamic Properties and Control Method Influences onMR Fluid Dampers Performance

A. Milecki, A. Myszkowski and D. Sedziak 84

Design of the Electrorheological Shock Absorber5. Zhang and M. Li 91

Fundamental Tribology: ESFW. A. Bullough, P. L. Wong, C. Feng and W. C. Leung 97

Heat Transfer from an ESF Radial Plate Clutch SurfaceD. J. Ellam, W. A. Bullough and V. Oravsky 104

Vibration Control of a Helicopter Tail Landing Gear System usingElectrorheological and Magnetorheological Shock Struts

Y.-T. Choi and N. M. Wereley 111

Electro-Structured Fluid SealsR. J. Atkin, D. J. Ellam and W. A. Bullough 118

Experimental Investigations of the Effects of Electrode Geometry on thePerformance of Electrorheological Fluid Valves

G. Georgiades and S. O. Oyadiji 125

Controlling Tube Vibrations using Electrorheological Fluids5. 0. Oyadiji 132

Nontraditional ERF-based Devices and TechnologiesE. V. Korobko 139

Embolization of Blood Vessels as a Cancer Therapy usingMagnetorheological Fluids

G. A. Flores and J. Liu 146

XI

Impedance Control of a One Shaft-Type Clutch using HomogeneousElectrorheological Fluid

T. Nakamura, N. Saga and M. Nakazawa 153

Evaluation of Magnetorheological Suspension in a Shock Absorber and ina Magnetorheometer

A. J. F. Bombard, M. Knobel and I. Joekes 160

Electrostriction Effect in Solid-State Electro-Rheological Composites forSensing Applications

G. H. Kim and Y. M. Shkel 167

ER Effects of Liquid Crystalline Polymers on One-Sided PatternElectrodes

N. Takesue, J. Furusho and M. Sakaguchi 174

A Study on the Performance Estimation on Semi-Active SuspensionSystem Considering the Response Time of Electro-Rheological Fluid

M. S. Yeo, H. G. Lee and M. C. Kim 180

Comparative Analysis of the Time Response of Electro-Rheological andMagnetorheological Dampers using Nondimensional Parameters

Y.-T. Choi and N. M. Wereley 187

A Bearing Application using Magnetorheological FluidsA. Agrawal, C. Ciocanel, T. Martinez, S. L. Vieira,N. G. Naganathan, S. Robb and J. Duggan 194

Study of the Behavior of MR Fluids in Squeeze, Torsional andValve Modes

P. Kulkarni, C. Ciocanel, S. L. Vieira and N. Naganathan 201

Electric Power and Efficiency under A.C. Electric Field on a RotatingDevice of Disk Type with Suspension-Type Electrorheological Fluid

K. Shimada, H. Nishida and Y. Akagami 208

Torque and Current Density on a Rotating Device of Disk Type underA.C. Electric Field with Suspension Type Electrorheological Fluid

K. Shimada and H. Nishida 215

Three-Ports Micro ER Valve for ER Suspension Fabricated byPhotolithography

M. Nakano, K. Katou, A. Satou, K. Miyata and K. Matsushita 222

XII

Electrorheological Semi-Active Damper/Polyaniline based ER SystemJ. W. Kim, Y. H. Cho, H. J. Choi, H. G. Lee and S. B. Choi 229

Using of Ferromagnetic Particles Suspension as Controllable DissipativeEnvironment

V. G. Bashtovoi, D. N. Kabachnikov and G. Bossis 236

Semiactive Vibration Control of a Smart Seat with an MR Fluid DamperConsidering its Time Delay

C. Park and D. Jeon 243

Thermal Effects of a Homogeneous ER Fluid DeviceT. Nakamura, N. Saga and M. Nakazawa 249

Performance Analysis of Smart Impact Damper System usingHerschel-Bulkley Model

D.-Y. Lee, Y.-T. Choi and N. M. Wereley 256

Numerical Simulation of MR Fluids Damping Characteristics usingModified Bingham Model

H. Nishiyama, S. Fushimi and M. Nakano 263

Electrosensitive Fluids in Acoustic DevicesA. S. Rubanov and A. O. Karabko 270

Electronics and Mechanics — A Balance Act in ERF-ApplicationsL. Johnston, H. Rosenfeldt and M. Kramer 277

Design of a High-Efficiency Magnetorheological ValveJ.-H. Yoo and N. M. Wereley 281

Active Control of Rod Vibrations, using Magnetic FluidsZ. Wang, G. Bossis, O. Volkova, V. Bashtovoi and M. Krakov 288

Performance Evaluation of ER Shock Damper Subjected toImpulse Excitation

H. J. Song, S. B. Choi, J. H. Kim and K. S. Kim 295

Vibration Control Evaluation of a Commercial Vehicle FeaturingMR Seat Damper

M. H. Nam, Y. M. Han, S. S. Han, H. G. Lee,S. B. Choi and C. C. Cheong 302

XIII

MR Inserts for Shock Wave Reduction in Warship StructuresJ. K. Kim, B. W. Kang, Y. K. Kang, S. B. Choi and K. S. Kim 309

Vibration Control of a Wire Cut Discharge Machine using ERBrake Actuator

K. S. Kim, S. B. Choi and M. S. Cho 316

A Simple One Dimension Robot Joint based on the ER Linear ReversingMechanism

K. P. Tan, W. A. Bullough, R. Stanway, N. Sims,A. R. Johnson and R. C. Tozer 323

II. MICROSTRUCTURES

Structures in Magnetic Suspension Submitted to Unidirectional andRotating Field

P. Carletto, G. Bossis and A. Cebers 331

Lamellar Structures Induced by Coupled Electro-Magnetic and ShearFields: A Defining Character of ER/MR Activity

S. Henley and F. E. Filisko 338

Chain Rotational Dynamics in MR SuspensionS. Melle, 0. G. Calderon, M. A. Rubio and G. G. Fuller 345

The Interaction Between Electrorheological Particles in A.C. ElectricField Studied using Optical Tweezers

J. Xu, X. Dong, Z. Y. Chen, Y. G. Jiang and L. W. Zhou 352

Magnetic Interactions of Chains Formed by Ferro-Magnetic SpheresS. Lads, F. Zavickis and G. Bossis 359

Particle Dynamics of Structure Formation and Disintegration in a ModelMagnetorheological Fluid

S. Cutillas and J. Liu 366

Short Time Dynamic Structure Formation of Carbon-Doped TIO2 ERFluids with Different Conductivity using Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy

L. F. Zhang, X. Dong, J. Xu, Y. G. Jiang and L. W. Zhou 373

Monodisperse Colloidal Suspensions of Silica and PMMA Spheres asModel Electrorheological Fluids: A Real-Space Study of StructureFormation

A. Yethiraj and A. Van Blaaderen 380

XIV

Polarization of Non-Equilibrium Double Layer and Agglomeration ofPolyelectrolyte Balls

A. Cebers and I. Rubinstein 386

Electric-Field-Induced Lamellar Structures in Magnetic Fluids - A 2DDiffusion Model

B. Riley, A. Bhattacharya, M. Johnson, X. Duan and W. Luo 393

Hexagon-Stripe Transition at the Magnetic Field Induced PhaseTransformations of the Magnetorheological Suspensions

A. Cebers 397

Equilibrium Patterns of Chain Clusters Composed of FerromagneticParticles in an External Magnetic Field

T. Ukai, T. Maekawa and H. Morimoto 404

Equilibrium and Dynamic Analyses of Magnetic Characteristics of aTriangular Ferromagnetic Lattice System

T. Ukai, T. Maekawa and H. Morimoto 409

Field Induced Phase Transition for Suspension of Monosized SpheresS. Men, A. Meunier, C. Metayer and G. Bossis 415

Relationship Between Chain Structures and Viscosity in theMagneto-Rheological Suspensions Stable Dispersing DifferentConcentration of Iron Particles with Smectite

A. Shibayama, T. Miyazaki, T. Otomo,T. Fujita and K. Shimada 422

III. MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Effect of Rare Earth Substitution on Electrorheological Propertiesof TIO2

X. P. Zhao, J. B. Yin, L. Q. Xiang and Q. Zhao 431

Electrorheological Effect in Suspensions AgI/Ag2O/V2O5/P2Os GlassesM. Osuchowski and J. Plocharski 438

Chain Behavior in Model Homogenous ER Fluids Dependingon Temperature

H. Okamura, K. Suzuki, T. Mori, K. Minagawa,S. Masuda and M. Tanaka 445

XV

Behavior of Magnetorheological Fluids Utilizing Nanopowder IronN. Rosenfeld, N. M. Wereley, R. Radakrishwan andT. Sudarshan 452

Protein-Fg MR Fluid and Its PropertiesL. Hu, S. Cai and C. Zhang 459

Electro-Magnetorheological Fluids Dispersing Zeolite Particles ContainingIron

A. Shibayama, T. Miyazaki, K. Yamaguchi,K. Murakami and T. Fujita 465

Magnetostrictive Phenomena in Magnetorheological ElastomersJ. M. Ginder, S. M. Clark, W. F. Schlotter and M. E. Nichols 472

Compressive Modulus of Ferrite Containing Polymers GelsT. Mitsumata, K. Furukawa, E. Juliac,K. Iwakura and K. Koyama 479

The Dynamics of Magnetorheological Elastomers Studied by SynchrotonRadiation Speckle Analysis

W. F. Shlotter, C. Cionca, S. S. Paruchuri, J. B. Cuningham,E. Dufresne, S. B. Dierker, D. Arms and R. Clarke 486

Electroviscoelastic Properties in ER Gel of Disperse System under DCElectric Field

R. Hanaoka, S. Takata, H. Fujita, T. Fukami, K. Sakurai,K. Isobe and T. Hino 493

Soft Gels with Ordered Iron Particles: Fabrication and ElectrorheologicalResponse

Y. An, B. Liu and M. T. Shaw 500

Field Dependence of Viscoelestic Properties of MR ElastomersC. Bellan and G. Bossis 507

Isotropic Magnetorheological Nitrile Rubbers with Large Iron ParticlesM. Lokander and B. Stenberg 514

A New Organic/Inorganic Hybrid with High Electrorheological ActivityX. P. Zhao and X. Duan 519

Influence of Surfactants on Properties of Electro-Rheological FluidsContaining Polyaniline

M. Bocinska, H. Wycislik, M. Osuchowski and J. Plocharski 526

Reversibility of the ER Effect in Immiscible Liquid BlendsS. Yamamoto, Y. Masubuchi, J.-I. Takimoto and K. Koyama 533

Electric-Field Response of the Structure and Rheological Property ofSilicone/Polyether Blends

K. Minagawa, K. Saitoh, H. Okamura, T. Mori,S. Masuda and M. Tanaka 539

Novel Electrorheological Materials with Ternary Blends ContainingPolyethers and Urethanes

K. Minagawa, T. Kanno, H. Okamura, T. Mori, S. Masuda,H. Takagi, K. Koyama and M. Tanaka 546

ER Response of Silicone Gel Containing Dielectric ParticlesJ. Koide, T. Mitsumata, Y. Masubuchi,J.-I. Takimoto and K. Koyama 552

Synthesis and Electrorheology of Phosphate Cellulose SuspensionsJ. W. Kim, Y. H. Cho, H. J. Choi and M. S. Jhon 557

Effect of Surface Modification of Colloidal Silica on ElectrorheologicalProperties

C. Gehin and J. Persello 564

Electrorheology of Amine Dispersant Coated Chitosan PhosphateSuspension

U.S. Choi and Y.-G. Ko 571

Electrorheological Behavior of Chitosan Dicarboxylate SuspensionsU.S. Choi and Y.-G. Ko 577

Electrorheology of Polyaniline-Coated Poly(methyl-methacrylate)Microsphere Suspensions in Silicone Oil

H. J. Choi, Y. H. Cho, M. S. Cho and M. S. Jhon 583

Synthesis and Electrorheology of Mesoporous Particle SuspensionsH. J. Choi, M. S. Cho and W.-S. Ahn 590

Electrorheological Behaviors of Polyaniline-MontmorilloniteClay Nanocomposite

J. Lu and X. Zhao 597

XVII

IV. PHYSICAL MECHANISMS

Electric-Field Induced Formation of Superconducting Granular BallsR. Tao, X. Xu and Y. C. Lan 607

Granular Flow in the Presence of an Electric FieldK. Lu, W. Chen, M. Hou and Z. Jian 614

The Contribution of Columnar Structure to the Stress in ER PolymericBlends in a Shear Flow

P. Riha, J. Takimoto, Y. Masubuchi and K. Koyama 620

Effects of Shape and Size of Dispersoid on ElectrorheologyA. Kawai, K. Uchida and F. Ikazaki 626

ER Properties and Flow Induced Microstructures of an ER Fluid BetweenTwo Parallel Disk Electrodes in Squeeze Flow Mode

M. Nakano and T. Nagata 633

The Significance of Flow-Modified Permittivity: A New Model andComputer Simulation of Electrorheology

Y. Hu, E.-Y. E. Lin and U. M. Dassanayake 640

ER Effect of Liquid Crystal Flowing Between Two Parallel-PlateElectrodes

T. Tsukiji and S. Tanabe 647

Effect of Magnetic Hysteresis of the Solid Phase on the RheologicalProperties of MR Fluids

J. De Vicente, J. D. G. Duran, A. V. Delgado,F. Gonzalez- Caballero and G. Bossis 654

Rheological and Dielectric Characterization of Electrorheological FluidsComposed of Both Dispersed Particles and Liquid Drops in DielectricMedium

L. Rejon, L. Garcia and 0. Manero 661

Optical Attenuation in a Magnetic Fluid Film under PerpendicularMagnetic Fields

C.-Y. Hong, S. Y. Yang, H. E. Horng and H. C. Yang 668

Heat Transfer from an ESF Radial Plate Clutch SurfacePart 2 - Theory

V. Oravsky 673

XVIII

The Uniform Magnetic Field Influence on the Magnetic Fluid MeniscusMotion in the Cylindrical Capillary

V. Bashtovoi, P. Kuzhir, A. Reks, G. Bossis and O. Volkova 680

Relaxation Theory for Dynamic Electrorheological EffectG. Q. Gu, K. W. Yu and P. M. Hui 687

Flow Modification Induced by Quincke Rotation in a CapillaryA. Cebers, E. Lemaire and L. Lobry 693

Negative Viscosity Induced in a Ferromagnetic Colloidal SystemSubjected to both External Shear Flow and AC Magnetic Fields

H. Morimoto and T. Maekawa 700

Nonhomogeneous, Nonlinear Deformation of Polymer Gels Swollen withMagneto-Rheological Suspensions

D. Szabo and M. Zrinyi 706

Structure-Enhanced Yield Shear Stress in Electro-Rheological FluidsR. Tao, Y. C. Lan and X. Xu 712

Oscillatory Convection in Viscoelastic, Ferromagnetic/Dielectric LiquidsP. G. Siddheshwar 719

Characteristics of a Yield Stress Scaling Function for ElectrorheologicalFluids

H. J. Choi, J. W. Kim, M. S. Cho, C. A. Kim and S. Jhon 726

Multiscale Analysis of Electrorheological FluidsB. Vernescu 733

Continuum Modelling of Electrorheological FluidsR. Drouot, G. Napoli and G. Racineux 739

Stress Relaxation of Magnetorheological FluidsW. H. Li, G. Chen, S. H. Yeo and H. Du 745

Role and Nature of High Field Conduction of the Suspending Liquid inElectrorheological Fluids

P. Atten, J. N. Foulc and P. Gonon 752

A Two-Fluid Model for Electro- and Magnetorheological SuspensionsK. Von Pfeil, M. D. Graham, D. J. Klingenberg and J. F. Morris 759

XIX

ER-Fluid Rheological Properties in Terms of the Multi-Particle Model ofa Composite

Yu. G. Yanovsky, V. E. Zgaevskii, Z. P. Shulman andE. V. Korobko 766

Stress Behavior and Conductivity of the Electro-Rheological SuspensionsK. Tanaka, K. Ichizawa, Y. Onishi, A. Kubono andR. Akiyama 773

Determination of Rheological and Magnetic Properties forMagnetorheological Composites via Shear Magnetization Measurements

A. T. Horvath, D. J. Klingenberg and Y. M. Shkel 780

Evolution of Chain Structure of Electrorheological Fluid in Flow ModelX. P. Zhao, X. Y. Gao and D. J. Gao 787

Prediction of the Dynamics of Electrorheological FluidsL. B. Pompeo Neto, A. C. F. Arruda and S. L. Vieira 794

Physical Modeling of Damping Characteristics of MR FluidsJ. Sarrazin, J. Claracq and J.-P. Montfort 799

Dynamics of Magnetic Fluid-Permanent Magnet System Subjected toVertical Vibration

S. Sudo, K. Ise and T. Ikohagi 806

Kinetics of Electrorheological Fluid Spreading over a Horizontal SurfaceV. I. Baykov and E. V. Korobko 813

Mass Losses of Magnetized Rheological Mediums Subjected to MagneticField

A. R. Baev and N. P. Matoussevitch 820

Temperature Dependence of MR FluidsW. H. Li, G. Chen, S. H. Yeo and H. Du 827

Simulation of Bidisperse Magnetorheological FluidsD. Kittipoomwong, D. J. Klingenberg and J. C. Ulicny 834

A Single-Chain Model for Quasi-Static Shear Stress-Strain Properties ofMagnetorheological Fluids

Z. Jiang and K. Lu 841

XX

Surface Shear Stress Enhancement under MR Fluid DeformationS. Gorodkin, N. Zhuravski and W. Kordonski 847

Comparative Investigation on ER Fluids with different PolarizationMechanisms

H. Bose and A. Trendler 853

Magnetorheology of a Milimetric Steel Spheres Suspension0. Volkova, G. Bossis, S. Lads and M. Guyot 860

An Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Fatigue Property ofChemical Starch-based ER Fluids

H. G. Lee, S. B. Choi, J. H. Kim and C. C. Cheong 867

Rheological and Magnetorheological Behavior of Some Magnetic Fluids onPolar and Nonpolar Carrier Liquids

O. Balau, D. Bica, M. Koneracka, P. Kopcansky,D. Susan-Resiga and L. Vekas 874

Author Index 881