elementary school level glossary...elementary school level glossary social studies glossary english...

Elementary School Level

Glo

ssar

y Social Studies Glossary English / Uzbek

Translation of Social Studies terms based on the Coursework for Social Studies Grades 3 to 5.

Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students

Updated July 2017

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234

P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education

Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/

THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

Regents of The University

BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ................. Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D. ........................................................... Rochester ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D. ................................................................................................. Great Neck LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed.D. . ...................................................................... Beechhurst CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. . ........................................................................... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. ............................................................................................... Rochester KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D. ...................................................................... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D. ....................................................................................... New York JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D. .............................................................................. Monticello JUDITH CHIN, M.S. in Ed. ............................................................................................... Little Neck BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed. ........................................................... Morristown CATHERINE COLLINS, R.N., N.P., B.S., M.S. in Ed., Ed.D. ............................................ Buffalo JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., C.A.S. ............................................................................. New Hempstead NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A. ................................................................................................ Manhattan ELIZABETH S. HAKANSON, A.S., M.S., C.A.S. ................................................................ Syracuse LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ................................................................................... New York SUSAN W. MITTLER, B.S., M.S. ....................................................................................... Ithaca Commissioner of Education and President of The University MARYELLEN ELIA Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH R. BERLIN The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.

http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/

SOCIAL STUDIES GLOSSARY – ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEVEL

NYS Statewide Language RBERN 1

ENGLISH UZBEK

A A.D. milodiy abilities qobiliyatlar absence of government hukumat yo‘qligi absentee ballot sirtdan ovoz berish byulleteni accomplishments bajarilgan vazifalar achievements yutuqlar acid rain ishqorli yomg‘ir across time and place zamon va makon oralab action plan harakatlar rejasi activities faoliyat adults katta yoshlilar aerial photographs havodan olingan suratlar

AFL-CIO Amerika mehnat federatsiyasi – Ishlab chiqarish kasaba uyushmalari kongressi Africa Afrika agriculture qishloq xo‘jaligi Algonquians Algonkin qabilalari/tillari alike/different o‘xshash/boshqa allegiance sadoqat alternative solutions muqobil yechimlar altiplano altiplano altitude balandlik amendment tuzatish American democracy: ideals, values/principles of

Amerika demokratiyasi: ideallar, qadriyatlar va prinsiplar

American Revolution, the Americas Amerika inqilobi, Amerika kontingenti Americas Shimoliy va Janubiy Amerika ancestor ajdod Antarctic Circle Janubiy Qutb doirasi Antarctica Antarktida anthem madhiya appoint tayinlamoq appointed leaders tayinlangan rahbarlar appointed office tayinlanadigan lavozim archaeologists arxeologlar Arctic Circle Shimoliy Qutb doirasi areas mintaqalar hududlar arid qurg’oq art san’at artifacts artefaktlar



ENGLISH UZBEK assembly yig‘ish, assambleya assembly line yig‘ish liniyasi authority vakolat autobiographies tarjimai hollar autobiography tarjimai hol automobiles avtomobillar availability mavjudlik avenues of participation ishtirok etish usullari Aztecs atsteklar

B B.C. miloddan oldin backgrounds fon, dastlabki shart-sharoit barter barter basic asosiy basin havza Battle of Quebec Kvebek jangi battles janglar before/after oldin/keyin belief e’tiqod, qarash belief system qarashlar tizimi beliefs qarashlar Bill of Rights huquqlar to‘g‘risidagi bill biographies tarjimai hollar biography tarjimai hol bodies of water suv havzalari border chegara Boston Tea Party “Boston choyxo‘rligi” boundary chegara boycott boykot qilmoq branches of government hokimiyat tarmoqlari

British North America Act Britaniyaning “Shimoliy Amerikasi haqida”gi qonun budget byudjet

C cabinet kabinet cable kabel calendar kalendar campaign kampaniya Canada Kanada Canadian Bill of Rights Kanadaning “Huquqlar to‘g‘risida”gi qonuni



ENGLISH UZBEK canal kanal capital (state and money) poytaxt (davlat) , mablag’(pul) capital goods ishlab chiqarish vositalari capital resources kapital resurslar capitalism kapitalizm cardinal directions asosiy yo‘nalishlar cause sabab celebrate nishonlamoq, bayram qilmoq celebration nishonlash celebrations nishonlashlar census aholini ro‘yxatga olish Central America Markaziy Amerika century asr change o‘zgar(tir)ish checks and balances tiyib turish va manfaatlar muvozanati tizimi child labor bolalar mehnati children bolalar Chippewa Chippeva hindular qabilasi choice tanlov choices tanlovlar citizen fuqarolar citizenship fuqarolik civic life fuqarolik hayoti civic values fuqarolik qadriyatlari civil rights fuqarolik huquqlar civil rights movement fuqarolik huquqlari harakati civil wars fuqarolik urushlari civilization sivilizatsiya civilizations sivilizatsiyalar clans aymoqlar classroom sinf xonasi climate iqlim clothing kiyim-kechak collect taxes soliq yig‘moq colonial mustamlakaga oid colonial governments mustamlaka hukumatlari colonies mustamlakalar colonists mustamlakachilar colony mustamlaka Committees of Correspondence yozishmalar bo‘yicha qo‘mitalar common good ijtimoiy farovonlik



ENGLISH UZBEK commonwealth hamdo‘stlik Commonwealth of Nations millatlar hamdo‘stligi communication kommunikatsiya; muloqot communism kommunizm communities hamjamiyatlar community hamjamiyat community service jamoat ishi; ixtiyoriy ishlash compact shartnoma; ixcham compare/contrast solishtirmoq/qarama-qarshi qo‘ymoq compass kompas compromise murosa compulsory education majburiy ta’lim computer kompyuter confederacy konfederatsiya conflict mojaro, ziddiyat conflict resolution mojaroni hal etish conflicts mojarolar, ziddiyatlar congress kongress conquistador konkistdor, bosqinchi consequences oqibatlar conservation tabiatdan oqilona foydalanish consideration ko‘rib chiqish Constitution of the State of New York Nyu-York shtati Konstitutsiyasi Constitution of the United States Qo‘shma Shtatlar Konstitutsiyasi constitutional democracy konstitutsional demokratiya consumer iste’molchi consumers iste’molchilar consumption iste’mol qilish consumption of goods tovarlarni iste’mol qilish continent qit’a Continental Congress Qit’a kongressi Continental Divide Qit’a bo‘linishi continents qit’alar contour relyef, kontur contrast kontrast contributions qo‘shilgan hissalar cooperation hamkorlik costs xarajatlar cotton belt paxta mintaqasi credit kredit, qarz criteria mezonlar



ENGLISH UZBEK cultural characteristics madaniyatning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari cultural contributions madaniy hissalar cultural differences madaniy tafovutlar cultural diffusion madaniyatning tarqalishi cultural diversity madaniy rang-baranglik cultural groups madaniy guruhlar culture madaniyat

cultures - characteristics, distribution, complexity of madaniyatlar, ularning xususiyatlari, hududlarga tarqalishi va rang-barangligi

currency valyuta, pul birligi customs odatlar; bojxona

D day kun De Witt Clinton De Uitt Klinton decade o‘n yillik decision qaror decision-making qaror qabul qilish decisions qarorlar declaration deklaratsiya, e’lon qilish Declaration of Independence Mustaqillik deklaratsiyasi delta delta democracy demokratiya Democratic Party demokratlar partiyasi democratic principles demokratiya prinsiplari democratic values demokratik qadriyatlar developed nations riviojlangan mamlakatlar developing nations rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar developments voqealar, voqealar rivoji diagram diagramma diagrams diagrammalar dictatorship diktatura different/same boshqa/bir xil direction yo‘nalish diseases kasalliklar display ko‘rsatmoq disputes bahslar distance masofa distribution tarqatish diverse turli-tuman diversity rang-baranglik



ENGLISH UZBEK document hujjat due process standartlarni ma’qullash va chiqarish tartibi Dutch colonies Gollandiya mustamlakalari Dutch West India Company Gollandiyaning Vest-Indiya kompaniyasi

E earn pul ishlamoq Earth’s surface Yer yuzasi economic iqtisodiy economic capital iqtisodiy kapital economic concepts iqtisodiy konsepsiyalar economic decision making iqtisodiy qarorlar qabul qilish economic decisions iqtisodiy qarorlar economic development iqtisodiy rivojlanish economic factors iqtisidiy omillar economic growth iqtisodiy o‘sish economic interdependence iqtisodiy mustaqillik economic systems iqtisodiy tizimlar economics iqtisodiyot economies tejash, tejamkorlik effects ta’sirlar elect saylamoq elected leaders saylanadigan rahbarlar elected office saylanadigan lavozim election saylov Ellis Island Ellis-Aylend emigrants emigrantlar empathy hamdard bo‘lish employee xodim employer ish beruvchi encomienda system “encomienda” tizimi encounter uchrashmoq, duch kelmoq enforce amalga oshirmoq, majburlamoq English colonies Angliya mustamlakalari environment atrof muhit environmental factors ekologiya omillari equality tenglik equality of opportunity imkoniyatlar tengligi era era eras eralar ethnic etnik



ENGLISH UZBEK ethnic group etnik guruh ethnicity etnik mansublik Europe Yevropa

European encounter and exchanges - of technologies, plants, animals, diseases

Yevropaliklarning mahalliy aholi bilan uchrashuvlari hamda bilim, texnoligiya, o‘simliklar, jonivorlar almashuvi va kasalliklar yuqtirishi

events voqealar exchange almashish, birja executive ijroiya executive branch of government davlatning ijro hokimiyati expansion kengayish exploitation ekspluatatsiya qilish exploration tadqiqot explorers tadqiqiotchilar exports eksport

F facilities binolar fact/opinion fakt/fikr factors of production ishlab chiqarish omillari factory fabrika family oila far/near uzoq/yaqin federal federal federal government federal hukumat festival festival festivals festivallar flag bayroq folktale xalq ertagi folktales xalq ertaklari food ovqat forced relocation majburiy ko‘chi(ri)sh foreign policy tashqi siyosat foreign relations tashqi aloqalar Fort Orange Fort-Oranj foundation asos; jamg‘arma free enterprise xususiy tadbirkorlik free trade erkin savdo freedom ozodlik French Canadians fransuz kanadaliklar French colonies Fransiya mustamlakalari



ENGLISH UZBEK frontier chegara functions of government hukumatning vazifalari fundamental economic questions asosiy iqtisodiy masalalar fundamental values asosiy qadriyatlar future kelajak

G game o‘yin gender jins generation avlod geographic characteristics jug‘rofiy xususiyatlar geographic factors jug‘rofiy omillar geographic features jug‘rofiy xususiyatlar geographic features/areas jug‘rofiy xususiyatlar/mintaqalar geographic information jug‘rofiy ma’lumot geography jug‘rofiya geological processes geologik jarayonlar global warming global isish globe globus globes osmon jismlari, globuslar goods and services - production, distribution, exchange, consumption of

tovarlar va xizmatlar – ishlab chiqarish, tarqatish, almashish va iste’mol qilish

goods tovarlar govern boshqarmoq governance boshqarish government hukumat Great Depression Buyuk depressiya grid to‘r Gross Domestic Product yalpi ichki mahsulot Gross National Product yalpi milliy mahsulot groups guruhlar growth o‘sish Gulf Stream Golfstrim oqimi

H habitat turarjoy

Haudenosaunee Hodenosauni (hindular qabilasidan birining nomi) health salomatlik hemisphere yarim shar historic events tarixiy voqealar historical tarixiy



ENGLISH UZBEK historical evidence tarixiy guvohlik historical narratives tarixiy solnomalar history tarix

Holidays ( Columbus Day, Election Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, New Years Day, Dr. Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Flag Day)

Bayramlar (Kolumb kuni, Saylov kuni, Veteranlar kuni, Shukrona kuni, Yangi yil kuni, Doktor Martin Lyuter King kuni, Presidentlar kuni, Xotira kuni, Bayroq kuni)

home uy hopes umidlar House of Representatives Vakillar Palatasi human inson human capital inson kapitali human migration aholi migratsiyasi human migrations aholi migratsiyalari human resources inson resurslari human rights inson huquqlari human settlements aholi manzilgohlari human systems inson tizimlari

I ideals of American democracy Amerika demokratiyasi ideallari ideas g‘oyalar identity aynan o‘xshashlik, shaxsning o‘zligi immigrants immigrantlar immigration immigratsiya important muhim imports import inaugurated confederation konfederatsiyani rasman joriy qilish Incas inklar income daromad

indentured servant shogirdlikka berish to‘g‘risidagi shartnoma bo‘yicha ishlovchi xodim independence mustaqillik indigenous peoples tubjoy aholi individual shaxsiy, shaxs individual rights shaxsiy huquqlar

individual rights to life, liberty, pursuit of happiness. insonning yashash, ozodlik va baxtga intilish bo‘yicha shaxsiy huquqlari

individuals shaxslar industrial expansion sanoat ekspansiyasi industrial growth sanoat o‘shishi industrial growth/expansion sanoat o‘shishi/ekspansiyasi



ENGLISH UZBEK Industrial Revolution sanoat inqilobi industrialization sanoatlashtirish industry sanoat inhabitants aholi interdependence o‘zaro bog‘liqlik interdependent o‘zaro bog‘liq international organizations xalqaro tashkilotlar interpret law qonunni talqin qilmoq interpret laws qonunlarni talqin qilmoq interpretations talqinlar Inuits inuitlar (eskimoslar) invention kashfiyot inventions kashfiyotlar Iroquois irokez (hindularning qabilas) Iroquois Confederacy Irokezlar konfederatsiyasi irrigation irrigatsiya issues masalalar, muammolar isthmus bo‘yin

J judgments mulohazalar judicial sudga oid judicial branch of government davlatning sud tarmog‘i judicial branch sud tamog‘i junta xunta jury hakamlar; jyuri jury service sudda maslahatchilik xizmati justice adolat, odil sudlov

K kindergarten tayyorlov sinfi

L labor mehnat labor force ish kuchi labor movement ishchilar harakati labor union kasaba uyushmasi land formations yer yuzasini rejalashtirish, landshaft elementlari land masses yer massalari languages tillar Latin America Lotin Amerikasi latitude jug‘rofiy kenglik



ENGLISH UZBEK laws qonunlar laws/rules qonunlar/qoidalar leaders yetakchilar League of Nations Millatlar Ligasi learn o‘rganmoq legal qonuniy legends xaritadagi belgilar; afsona legislative branch qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyat legislative branch of government davlatning qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyati legislature qonun chiqaruvchi organ liberty ozodlik library kutubxona library resources kutubxona resurslari life hayot lifestyle hayot tarzi like/dislike yoqtirmoq/yoqtirmaslik limited cheklangan limited resources cheklangan resurslar limited/unlimited cheklangan/cheklanmagan local mahalliy local government mahalliy hukumat local region mahalliy hudud location turgan joy joylashuv lock quflamoq, qulf, to‘g‘on locomotive lokomotiv long ago ancha vaqt oldin longhouse uzun uy (irokezlar uyi) longitude jug‘rofiy uzunlik loyalist loyalist (biror siyosiy) tuzum tarafdori loyalty sadoqat

M maize makkajo‘xori majority rule ko‘pchilikning ustunligi prinsipi make laws qonunlarni ishlab chiqmoq manor yer-mulk manufacture ishlab chiqarish, ishlab chiqarmoq manufacturing sanoat ishlab chiqarishi maps xaritalar markets bozorlar mass starvation ommaviy ocharchilik



ENGLISH UZBEK Mayas Maya qabilalari Mayflower Compact Meyflauer bitimi megalopolis megapolis, katta shahar member a’zo memorials memoriallar merchant savdogar meridians meridianlar Midwest O‘rta G‘arb migration migratsiya migration/immigration migratsiya/immigratsiya millennium ming yil millennia ming yilliklar mining konchilik minority rights, respect for kamsonli aholining huquqlarini hurmat qilish minutemen ko‘ngilli askarlar Mississippi River Mississipi daryosi modernization yangilash, modernizatsiya modify o‘zgartirmoq monarchy monarxiya money pul months oylar monument yodgorlik monuments yodgorliklar motives sabab, omil movement of people and goods odamlar va tobarlar harakati multicultural ko‘pmillatli myself men o‘zim, mustaqil myths asotirlar

N NAFTA NAFTA – Shimoliy Amerikaning erkin savdo to‘g‘risidagi bitimi nation millat, mamlakat national milliy national level of governments hukumatlarning milliy darajasi nation-state etnik mamlakat Native American Indian Amerikaning tubjoy kishisi, hindu Native American Indians Amerikaning tubjoy aholisi, hindular natural resources tabiiy resurslar near/far yaqin/uzoq needs ehtiyojlar neighborhood qo‘shnichilik, mavze



ENGLISH UZBEK neutral betaraf New Amsterdam Yangi Amsterdam New Netherlands Yangi Niderlandiya northwest passage Shimoli-g‘arbiy yo’l now hozir nuclear family kichik oila

O OAS Amerika davlatlari tashkiloti objects obyektlar; maqsadlar oceans okeanlar oligarchy oligarxiya

opportunity cost boy berilgan imkoniyat, foydalanilmagan imkoniyatlar xarajatlari oral history og‘zaki tarix others boshqalar

P parallel parallel parallels parallellar parent ota/ona Parliament parlament participatory skills umumiy faoliyatda ishtirok etish ko‘nikmalari past o‘tmish, o‘tgan past/present o‘tgan/hozirgi patriot vatanparvar patriotism vatanparvarlik patriotisms vatanparvarlik patriots vatanparvarlar patroon uy-joy egasi people odamlar person odam, shaxs perspectives perspektivalar Peter Stuyvesant Peter Styuvesant petition arznoma physical jismga oid, jismoniy physical characteristics jismoniy xususiyatlar physical environment jismoniy muhit physical feature jismoniy xususiyat physical features jismoniy xususiyat physical map jismoniy xarita physical setting jismoniy sharoit



ENGLISH UZBEK physical systems jismoniy tizimlari places joylar plan Reja pledge va’da, qasam Pledge of Allegiance Vafodorlik qasamyodi points of view nuqtai nazarlar political siyosiy political boundaries siyosiy chegaralar political map siyosiy xarita political party siyosiy partiya political power siyosiy kuch political systems siyosiy tizimlar pollution ifloslanish population aholi population density aholi zichligi population distribution aholi taqsimlanish

population movement - rural to urban to suburban - 20th century

aholining tabbiy ko‘chishi – qishloqlardan shaharlarga, so‘ngra shahar chekkalariga – XX asr

power hokimiyat practices usullar prairies preriyalar Preamble to the Constitution Konstitutsiyaning Preambulasi present hozirgi president prezident Prime Meridian nol meridian Prime Minister bosh vazir principles of democracy demokratiya prinsiplari problem solving muammoni hal etish problems muammolar producers ishlab chiqaruvchilar production ishlab chiqarish productivity ishlab chiqarish samaradorligi products mahsulotlar profit foyda projects loyihalar property xususiy mulk; xossa protect himoya qilmoq protests noroziliklar province poytaxtdan uzoq joylar, viloyat public benefit ijtimoiy manfaat



ENGLISH UZBEK public education xalq ta’limi purpose of government hukumatning maqsadi pursuit of happiness baxtga intilish

Q quantities sonlar, miqdorlar

R race irq radios radio railroad temiryo‘l rain forest tropik o‘rmon raw material xom ashyo reason sabab receipts tushgan pul recycling qayta ishlash reference books ma’lumotnomalar reform islohot region mintaqa regions mintaqalar relationships munosabatlar relief (physical) map jismoniy (relyef) xarita religion din religious dinga oid renewable resource qayta tiklanadigan resurs repeal bekor qilmoq representation vakolatxona representative vakil representatives vakillar republic respublika Republican Party Respublikachilar partiyasi reservation reservatsiya resources resurslar respect hurmat qilmoq responsibilities majburiyatlar revolution inqilob Richard Nicholls Richard Nikolls rights huquqlar Robert Fulton Robert Fulton role rol roles rollar roles of citizens fuqarolarning roli



ENGLISH UZBEK roots of American culture Amerika madaniyati ildizlari rules qoidalar rural qishloqqa oid

rural to urban to suburban migration qishloqdan shaharga, so‘ngra shahardan uning chekkasiga ko‘chish

S sachem qabila sardori safeguarding individual liberties shaxs erkinliklarini qo‘riqlash safety xavfsizlik same/different bir xil/farqli satellite-produced images sun’iy yo‘ldoshdan olingan suratlar satisfy qoniqtirmioq scale masshtab, tarozi scarce resources yetarli bo‘lmagan resurslar scarcity tanqislik school maktab science and technology fan va texnologiya

scientific/technological exchanges and connections ilmiy/texnologik almashuv va aloqalar

seaways dengiz yo‘llari secondary source ikkilamchi manba security xavfsizlik self o‘z selling sotish Senate of the United States Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlari Senati separatists ayirmachilar services xizmatlar settle ko‘chib bormoq settlement manzilgoh settlements manzilgohlar settler ko‘chib borgan kishi shape shakl shelter boshpana similarities/differences o‘xshashliklar/farqlar slave qul slave trade qullar savdosi slavery qullik social ijtimoiy social/cultural changes and connections ijtimoiy/madaniy o‘zgarishlar va aloqalar socialism sotsializm societies jamiyatlar



ENGLISH UZBEK society jamiyat solutions yechimlar solving problems muammolarni hal etish songs qo‘shiqlar Sons of Liberty ozodlik o’g’lonlari South America Janubiy Amerika Spanish colonies Ispaniya mustamlakalari spatial organization makoniy tashkilot speeches nutqlar, ma’ruzalar standard of living hayot darajasi stars and stripes yulduzlar va tasmalar state davlat, shtat state government shtat hukumati Statue of Liberty Ozodlik haykali steamboat paroxod steamboats paroxodlar stock market Birja, aksiyalar bozori stories hikoyalar strategy strategiya strengths kuchlar strike Ish tashlash student rights O‘quvchilar huquqlari suburban shahar chekkasiga oid suburbs shaharga tutash joylar subways metro suffrage ovoz berish huquqi supply and demand taklif va talab supply and demand 4 symbols taklif va talab 4 ta belgi Supreme Court Oliy Sud surplus oshiqcha mahsulot symbolize ramzlashtirmoq symbols ramzlar systems tizimlar

T tables jadvallar tariff tarif tax soliq taxes soliqlar teach o‘qitmoq teacher o‘qituvchi



ENGLISH UZBEK technological texnologiyaga oid technologies - exchanges of texnoligiyalarni almashish technology texnologiya telegraph telegraf television televideniye tenant farmer ijarachi fermer themes mavzular then/now oldin/hozir time vaqt time zones vaqt mintaqalari timeline xronologiya today bugun tolerance bag‘rikenglik tomorrow ertaga tools asboblar towpath daryo, shovot bo‘ylab yo‘l trade savdo-sotiq traditions an’analar traffic lights svetofor trains poyezdlar traitor sotqin transmit uzatmoq, o‘tkazmoq transportation ulov, tashish transportation revolution transport inqilobi treaty shartnoma trends tamoyillar tribe qabila tributaries qaram davlatlar Tropic of Capricorn Tog‘taka tropigi Tropic of Cancer Saraton tropigi trucks yuk avtomobillari truth haqiqat tundra tundra turning points burilish nuqtalari turnpike pullik yo‘l

U unify birlashtirmoq unions kasaba uyushmalari unique noyob unite birlashmoq



ENGLISH UZBEK United Nations Birlashgan Millatlat Tashkiloti United States of America Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlari unlimited cheklanmagan unlimited needs and wants cheklanmagan ehtiyojlar va istaklar up/down yuqori/quyi urban shaharga oid urbanization shaharlashtirish, urbanizatsiya uses of geography jug‘rofiya ilovalari

V values qadriyatlar veteran veteran veto veto village qishloq vote ovoz bermoq voting ovoz berish

W wampum vampum, belbog‘, hindularda chig‘anoqladan qilingan munchoq, chig‘anoqladan qilingan pul wants ehtiyojlar war urush war strategy urush strategiyasi water masses suv massivlari weaknesses zaifliklar week hafta Western Hemisphere G‘arbiy yarim shar westward expansion g‘arb tomon siljish wigwam vigvam, hindular uyi work ish; ishlamoq worker ishchi world bank Jahon Banki world in spatial terms dunyo makon tashunchasi sifatida writings hujjatlar

Y year yil yesterday kecha

Regents_2017_atn.pdfTHE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORKRegents of The University

elementary school level glossary...elementary school level glossary social studies glossary english...

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