elements
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bu elinTRANSCRIPT
lementsE
Basic Competence Students are able to to
explain the definition of element and compound.
What are elements?Elements are pure substances
(like hydrogen and oxygen) that can’t be split into simpler substances by chemical or physical means.Some common examples of elements are hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon. In total, 118 elements have been observed. New elements are discovered from time to time by artificial nuclear reactions.
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Who disc vered elements?
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T SAs i have stated before, the Greek, Hindu, and Japanese came up with 4 main classical elements. In 1661 Robert Boyle showed that there were more than just 4 classical elements. The first modern list of chemical elements was given in Antoine Lavoisier's 1789 Elements of Chemistry, which contained thirty-three elements. In 1869, medeleev’s periodic table showed 66 elements.As the Years went by, more and more elements were discovered, up until now, there are 118 elements.
Robert Boyle Mendeleev
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2006 version :: 116 elementsThe periodic table of elements
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T S2008 version :: 118 elements
The periodic table of elements
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T SAtomic numberAs you’ve seen in the tables earlier,
there is a number next to the element. But what does this mean? The number is called the atomic number, which is determined by the number of protons in an element. For example, carbon
has 6 protons, so its atomic number is 6.Atomic mass
The atomic mass is the number of nucleons In the
atomic nucleus.
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T SClassical elementsMany ancient philosophies used
classical elements to explain patterns in nature
The Greek, Hindu, and Japanese shared the same classical
elements, which were Earth, Water, Air, Fire, and Aether
The fifth element, was used to describe that which was beyond
the material in this world.
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T SWhat do we use elements for?
On the other hand . . .
We use elements to construct
thousands of things. And
we need those things, such as steel
for our everyday
necessities. Without iron,
nickel, manganese, and many more, we would be
missing many types of
steel.
A laser, useable in manyareas of life.
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T SWhat do we use elements for?
On the other hand,
there are some
elements such as plutoniu
m, uranium,
and more
that are used to destroy.
Atomic Bomb 1945
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T S RadioactivityAgain, this all relates back to elements, as radioactivity would not be possible without elements.Benefits: Radioactivity is often used to diagnose and treat diseases. It can also produce energy for heat and electric power, and kill microorganisms that cause contamination and disease. Disadvantages: Is extremely harmful, and just a small dose will kill you.
This just proves my point about elements, that NOTHING could be possible without them.
Q&A
You can look but you better not touch
Plutonium. This emits alpha radiation. The radiation from even a small amount of plutonium gas will give you lung cancer.Mercury. This evaporates readily at room temperature, and is highly poisonous. It can cause brain damage.Lead. This stuff is put in the air by burning and fueling with leaded gasoline, and it appears in old paint. This can cause brain damage, especially for younger children.
What are some elements that are dangerous?Q:A
:
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T SIsotope Symbols
Example: H2O
What you see up there is an isotope symbol.
They make it easier to use them (elements) in chemical equations.
Note: All the Isotopes must be written in capital form. For example, the hydrogen in H2O Must be capitalized
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T SIsotope Symbols
H2O
The capitalized letter is used to abbreviate the original element. The number
however, the number is used to express the quantities of the element.
In this case, is we were to read this element, it would say 2 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen, which is water.
Reading the symbols
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