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Elevated temperature physical properties of stainless steels

Introduction

BS EN 10088-1 gives a limited amount of data for specification purposes. Above ambient temperatures this is limited tomodulus of elasiticity (Youngs modulus) and coefficients of thermal expansion. The maximum temperature for which

there is data is 500 degC.

There is more detailed 'typical' data in the INCO publication 'Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels-engineeringproperties at elevated temperatures'.This including tensile and shear modulus data, Poisson's ratio, density, thermal

expansion, conductivity, specific heat and electrical resistivity. A selection from this data is tabulated in this article for the

common austenitic grades only. Some of the data shown in this article is interpolated from graphs in the original

publication.

BSSA does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of the data shown in this article.

Elevated temperature modulii of elasticity and coefficients of expansion for stainless steels

specified in BS EN 10088-1

The table below is based on the reference data presented in BS EN 10088-1. Only a sample of the information is shown

for the most commonly used stainless steel types. These are grouped using 'AISI' steel types. The separate table indicatessome of the grades that have been grouped together.

Steel Types

(AISI)Modulus of elasticity (kN/mm2), at:

Mean coefficient of thermal expansion (10-6 x K-1) between

20C and :

Temp. 20C 100C 200C 300C 400C 500C 100C 200C 300C 400C 500C

Ferritic stainless steels

410S 220 215 210 205 195 - 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.0

430 220 215 210 205 195 - 10.0 10.0 10.5 10.5 11.0

444 220 215 210 205 195 - 10.4 10.8 11.2 11.6 11.9

Martensitic and precipitation hardening stainless steels

410 215 212 205 200 190 - 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 -

440 215 212 205 200 190 - 10.4 10.8 11.2 11.6 -

630 200 195 185 175 170 - 10.9 - 11.1 - -

Austenitic stainless steels

304 200 194 186 179 172 165 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0

316 200 194 186 179 172 165 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0

'6%Mo' 195 190 182 174 166 158 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.0

Duplex stainless steels

'2205' 200 194 186 180 - - 13.0 13.5 14.0 - -

Some of the EN grades covered by the 'steel types' are shown in the following table.

AISI EN Grades Covered

410S 1.4000

430 1.4016

444 1.4521

410 1.4006 (410), 1.4005 (416), 1.4021 (420)

440 1.4112 (440B), 1.4122, 1.4125 (440C)

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630 1.4542 (17/4 PH)

304 1.4301(304), 1.4305 (303), 1.4306 (304L), 1.4307 (304L), 1.4541 (321), 1.4550 (347)

316 1.4401 (316), 1.4404 (316L),

'2205' 1.4462 (2205)

'6%Mo' 1.4547 (254SMO)

Elevated temperature physical properties for austenitic stainless steels (INCO Publication 2980Data)

The tables are based on graphs and tables shown in the INCO publication 'Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels-

engineering properties at elevated temperatures'. This data is based on measured values, usually reported in 'fps' units with

temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit. Here, these have been taken as the nearest values and so are for guidance only, not forspecification purposes. Only part of the available data is shown here. The full publication (INCO 2980) is available from

the Nickel Development Institute web site www.nidi.org

Modulus of Elasticity (E) and Rigidity(Shear) (G) (E/G)

Temp C 304 316 310

24 19.9/8.0 19.9/7.9 20.3/7.9

90 19.6/7.8 19.8/7.7 19.8/7.7

150 19.1/7.6 19.3/7.5 19.3/7.5

200 18.7/7.4 18.9/7.2 18.8/7.2

260 18.3/7.2 18.5/7.0 18.4/7.0

320 18.0/7.0 18.0/6.8 17.9/6.8

370 17.4/6.8 17.5/6.6 17.5/6.6

430 16.9/6.7 16.7/6.4 17.0/6.4

480 16.3/6.5 16.5/6.2 16.6/6.2

540 15.8/6.3 16.0/6.0 16.2/6.0590 15.3/6.0 15.6/5.8 15.8/5.8

650 14.8/5.8 15.1/5.7 15.3/5.6

700 14.3/5.6 14.6/5.6 14.9/5.3

760 13.6/5.4 14.0/5.4 14.4/5.0

820 12.7/5.2 13.4/5.3 13.4/4.9

870 - - 13.5/4.6

Units are kgf/mm2 x 103

(multiply by 9.807 to convert to N/mm2)

Poisson's Ratio

Temp C 304 316 310

150 0.28 0.26 0.32

260 0.30 0.29 0.31

370 0.32 0.34 0.31

480 0.28 0.30 0.32

590 0.29 0.32 0.34

700 0.28 0.31 0.34

820 0.25 0.24 0.29

Poisson's ratio does not have any units.

Density

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The units are J/kg.K

Electrical Resistivity

Temp C 304 316 310

20 72 74 94

90 78 79 100200 86 87 105

320 95 93 111

430 102 99 116

540 108 104 120

650 114 110 124

760 118 - 127

870 125 - 129

Units are micro-ohm.cm

Physical property units

A description of some of the units mentioned here is shown in the related article:

Ambient temperature physical properties of stainless steels to BS EN 10088-1

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