eliminating transplant shock by hormonal control to...
TRANSCRIPT
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Eliminating Transplant Shock by Hormonal Control to Improve Growth
and Yield of Tomato
Shinsuke AgeharaAssistant Professor, Plant Physiology
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center
FTIP2015 – Naples, FL
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‘Transplant Shock’Mechanical Stress + Water Stress + Heat/UV Stress
– Stress
Slow growth
DetoppedAbscised
Wilting
Sunburn
Chlorosis
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Transplant Stress Management
GoalTo improve field establishment, earliness, and total yield.
Techniques• Hardening (reduction in fertilizer/water)• DIF (day and night temperature difference)• Preplanting chilling• Mechanical conditioning (brushing
transplants) • Antitranspirants• Reflective material (kaolin clay)• Plant hormones
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‘Transplant Shock’Mechanical Stress + Water Stress + Heat/UV Stress
– Stress
Slow growth
DetoppedAbscised
Wilting
Sunburn
Chlorosis
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Abscisic Acid (ABA)
– ABA + ABA
0 ppm 125 ppm 500 ppm
“Reduce plant water loss by closing stomata”
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Day 0 (well-watered) Day 3 (dehydration)
Control 500 1000 2000ABA (ppm)
Control 500 1000 2000ABA (ppm)
Control
ABA
Commercial antitranspirants Control
ABA
Commercial antitranspirants
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‘Transplant Shock’Mechanical Stress + Water Stress + Heat/UV Stress
– Stress
Slow growth
DetoppedAbscised
Wilting
Sunburn
Chlorosis
![Page 8: Eliminating Transplant Shock by Hormonal Control to ...swfrec.ifas.ufl.edu/docs/pdf/veg-hort/tomato-institute/presentations/... · caused by mechanical stress and improve fruit yield](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022071219/6058f66d7ea89d4f614e3ef4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mechanical Stress
Ethylene
Stress Adaptation responses• Stem thickening• Reduction in stem elongation• Reduction in leaf expansion• Leaf chlorosis
Ethylene Inhibitor
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ObjectiveTo examine the effect of ethylene inhibition prior to transplanting on post-planting growth and yield
GoalEliminate “transplant shock” and maximize the growth potential to increase fruit yield
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Cultivar:Florida 47
Treatments:1) Water2) 1-MCP at 12.5 ppm3) 1-MCP at 50 ppm*1 day before transplanting
Experiment Design:Randomized complete block design with 3 replication
Materials and Methods
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0 ppm 12.5 ppm 50 ppm1-MCP concentration
10/16(20 d)
10/21(25 d)
10/29(33 d)
“Faster Growth”
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10/29 (33 d after transplanting)
0 ppm 12.5 ppm 50 ppm1-MCP concentration
Rep 1
Rep 2
Rep 3
“More Uniform Growth”
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Plant Growth at Harvest
1-MCP concn Shoot FW Stem Flower #
(ppm) (kg) diameter (cm) per plant
0 1.24 1.41 126
12.5 1.46 1.41 136
50 1.48 1.36 143
1-MCP effect 17-19%↗ NS 10-14%↗
“More branches & more flowers by 1-MCP”
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Yield
1-MCP concn Fruit # Fruit size Marketable
(ppm) per plant (g) yield (lb/acre)
0 11.9 145 210,544
12.5 13.6 155 239,635
50 15.1 143 249,076
1-MCP effect 17-19%↗ NS 10-14%↗
“>10% ↗ in fruit number & yield by 1-MCP”
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Conclusion
• Abscisic acid is effective in minimizing water stress during transplanting by limiting transpiration.
• 1-MCP (ethylene inhibitor) can minimize transplant shock caused by mechanical stress and improve fruit yield.
• 1-MCP has no negative side effects.
• The effectiveness of 1-MCP depends on the magnitude of transplant shock (more stress → more beneficial stress control effects).
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Al Green
Elizabeth Golden
Dr. Daniel Leskovar
Dr. Scott Finlayson
Juan Esquivel
Acknowledgements
Collaborations and Support