Principled Eclecticism

D: an approach that encourages the teacher to pick and choose judiciously from a wide range of methodologies.

The Listening Approach

D: a listening based application of the ideas of Krashen (known for Input Hypothesis) to the classroom

TTask Based Lea rning

D: an approach in which learners do a task, using such language as they can naturally, possibly having previously seen or heard the task performed by native speakers. Language can be focussed on, before or after, though this is not always felt to be essential.

The Silent Way

D: a method of FL teaching which makes use of gesture, mime, visual aids and in particular Cuisenaire Roads that the teacher uses to help the learners to talk.

Gramm ar Translation

D:

The Lexical Approach

D: an aspect of Communicate Language Teaching which focuses more on language as lexical units rather than on grammatical structures

C ommunity Language Lea rning

D: a method which uses techniques developed in group counselling. The method makes use of group learning. Learners say things in their native language what they want to talk about. The teacher translates the learners sentences into the foreign language and the learner then repeats this to other members of the group.

SSuggestopaedia

D: a method of FL teaching developed by Lozanov. It makes use of dialogues, situations and translation to present and practice language, and in particular, makes use of music.

The omm unicative Approach ?

D: an approach focused on language needed to express and understand different kinds of functions, eg requesting, describing etc. Emphasis is on the processes of communication.

TTotal Physical Response

D: a language teaching method in which items are presented in the foreign language as orders, commands and instructions (which students carry out)

Dire ct Method

D: a method of FL teaching which has the following features: only the target language should be used in class & firm emphasis on speaking. Rules of grammar are not explicitly taught.

The Natural Approach

D: a term for approach proposed by Krashen and Terrell which emphasises

- the informal acquisition of language rules - tolerance of learners’ errors - natural communication

H umanistic Approaches

D: methods in which the following principles are considered important: - the development of human values - active learner involvement in learning and in the way learning takes place