emerald ash borer regional meeting...eab biological control - implementation over 449,000 parasitoid...

Emerald Ash Borer Regional Meeting

May 17, 2017

EAB Regional Meeting | www.mda.state.mn.us/eab

Agenda

Time Topic

9:00-9:20 EAB Biology

9:20-9:40 EAB Regional Status

9:40-10:00Strategic Removal Of Host Trees In Isolated, Satellite Infestations Of EAB Can Reduce Population Growth

10:00-10:05 BREAK

10:05-10:20 Biocontrol & Biosurveillance

10:20-10:50 Using Monitoring Data to Optimize EAB Management

10:50-11:00 UMN Past & Present Projects

11:00-11:05 BREAK

11:05-11:25 EAB Cold Tolerance

11:00-noon Participant Discussion

EAB Biology


Angie Ambourn | Entomologist

Life Cycle


Life Cycle

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Immature (under bark)

Adult (free living)

How Does EAB Kill Trees?


Host Trees


Ash Tree ID


Host Trees


David Cappaert

Black ash

Green ash

White ash

Blue ash

Manchurian ash

Susceptibility

low

high

Green ash

(throughout MN)

Black

ash

White

ash

Black Ash Cultivars• Fallgold

Green Ash Cultivars• Bergeson• Cimmaron• Marshall• Patmore• Summit

White Ash Cultivars• Autumn Applause• Autumn Blaze• Autumn Purple• Baltimore• Greenspire• Northern Blaze• Rosehill• Skyline

Secondary Host Tree

• Olive Family - Oleaceae

• White Fringetree

Chionanthus virginicus


William M. Ciesla, Forest Health Management International, Bugwood.org

Fringetree Risk

• Not a preferred host but EAB can complete its life cycle

• Sold in nurseries as an ornamental shrub


Dow Gardens , Dow Gardens, Bugwood.org John Ruter, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org

Recognizing EAB


Confirmation


“S” shaped

galleries

EAB Larva

Confirmation


“D” shaped exit holes EAB Adult

1/8” width

Signs & Symptoms


Symptom Progression


EAB Status SymptomsYears

Infested

Small larvae present None 1

Large larvae present / Emerging adults

Woodpecking possible 2

Increasing larvaenumbers

Woodpecking likelyBark splits possible

3

Canopy impacts visible 4

Dead trees present 5-6

Woodpecker Damage

• Mid / Top canopy

• Branches 3-6” in diameter

• Bark transitions to rough

• Bark blonding / flaking

• Dime sized woodpecker holes

• Light colored woodpecker holes

• Oval shaped


Woodpecker Damage


Bark Splits


Native Damage

• Trunk

• Lower canopy

•Dead limbs

mda.state.mn.us/eab


May 17, 2017


EAB Regional Status


Jennifer Burington | EAB Community Liaison

Distribution


Using Images

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Minnesota Distribution

• Generally infested area in green within red EAB quarantined counties

• Quarantined Counties

• Ash

• EAB

• Hardwood Firewood (<4 feet in length)

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Interactive Map

• mda.state.mn.us/eabstatus

• Closest known infested ash tree

Using Images

mda.state.mn.us/eab

August 2013• Superior, WI

October 2015• Park Point

June 2016• Thunder Bay, Ontario

September 2016• Duluth mainland

March 2017• Hartley Park

Using Images

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Slow Spread

• Cold weather

• Education

• Outreach

• Aggressive management

• Quarantines

• Sanitation

Management

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Treatment Plans

• Free permit for private treatment of public trees

• In-house treatments of public trees, $4.77/Diameter inch

• City contract rate extended to private residents, ~$6/D inch

• Treat trees to remove at a later date while waiting for diverse plantings to grow or funds become available

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Removal Plans

• Pre-EAB remove poor quality

• Remove woodpecked trees

• Remove private infested trees (Diseased Tree Ordinance)

• Remove all trees regardless of infestation

• Remove hazard trees

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Outreach Efforts

• City Water Bill Insert

• Tree Wraps

• Press Releases

• Postcard Mailings

• Don’t Move Firewood Poster


City A

• Remove poor quality trees

• Remove public infested trees

• Remove private infested trees within a specific distance of adjacent property

• Treat public mature trees in-house, park and boulevard


City B



• No treatments

• No removal of private infested trees


City C



• Remove private infested trees

• Treat mature public park trees, contract

• Treat private trees, offer contract rate


Reporting

mda.state.mn.us/eab

Arrest the Pest

• Take pictures and notes

• Capture the insect or remove bark to see gallery/larvae

• Report

• GLEDN app (Great Lakes Early Detection Network)

• mda.state.mn.us/arrestthepest

• [email protected]

• Call 888-545-6684 and leave a detailed message

mda.state.mn.us/eab

mailto:[email protected]


May 17, 2017


Biocontrol & Biosurveillance


Jonathan Osthus| EAB BioControl Coordinator

Biological Control Agents

• Egg Parasitoid

• Oobius agrili

• Larval Parasitoid

• Tetrastichus planipennisi

• Larval Parasitoid

• Spathius galinae

EAB Biological Control - Implementation

Over 449,000 parasitoid wasps released at 35 sites since September 2010

Biocontrol Agent 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 All

Tetrastichus

planipennisi2,154 19,480 19,822 42,579 34,434 151,022 45,288 314,779

Oobius agrili 0 3,641 10,241 8,597 12,062 31,490 42,600 108,631

Spathius agrili 1,172 7,596 15,258 0 0 0 0 24,026

Spathius galinae 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,613 1,613

Totals 3,326 30,717 45,321 51,176 46,496 182,512 89,501 449,049


EAB Biological Control - Assessment

• Recovery Methods

• Tree Debarking

• Bark Sifting

• Yellow Pan Trapping


BioSurveillance

• Smoky winged beetle bandit wasp

• Cerceris fumipennis

• Citizen Engagement – Wasp Watchers



May 17, 2017


Using Monitoring Data to Optimize EAB Management

Mark Abrahamson, Assistant Director, Plant Protection Division


EAB is Bad

EAB Regional meeting/https://www.mda.state.mn.us/emeraldashborer

Trees are Good!


1. Removed (before or after death)

2. Treated with insecticide

3. Die and fall apart

Fate of EAB Infested Trees

Comparing Detection Methods

Use of Monitoring to Inform Management


EAB Lifecyle

Trap Survey During

Summer

Branch Sampling

During Fall / Winter /

Spring

May 1

September 30

Visual Survey During Fall / Winter / Spring


Lots of EAB

Moderate to low EAB

No EAB?

ShoreviewCanopy Rating

2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

< 20% 20 - 40% 40 - 60% 60 - 80% > 80%

Fre

qu

en

cy

Canopy Rating

5 of 182 trees beyond

treatment (~3%)

EAB Regional meeting/https://www.mda.state.mn.us/emeraldashborer

Shoreview 2013

GRB – King’s BluffCanopy Rating

2013

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

< 20% 20 - 40% 40 - 60% 60 - 80% > 80%

Fre

qu

en

cy

Canopy Rating

103 of 118 trees beyond

treatment (~87%)

GRB Kings Bluff 2013

0 25 50 75 100

% of trees per site with woodpecking damage

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80A

vg

la

rva

l g

alle

rie

s/m

2/b

ran

ch

/sit

e

y = 1.28 + 0.09x

R2 = 0.9085

2013

0 25 50 75 100


0

12

24

36

48

60

72

Av

g la

rva

l g

alle

rie

s/m

2/b

ran

ch

/sit

e

y = 0.52 + 0.08x

R2 = 0.9591

2014

Value of Monitoring-Woodpecking (Branch Sampling)

**

* From Flower, et al. 2013. The relationship between the emerald ash borer and ash tree decline… Analysis by Wilke and Aukema, University of Minnesota

0 25 50 75 100


0

15

30

45

60

75

90

105A

vg

la

rva

l g

alle

rie

s/m

2/t

ree

/sit

e

y = 0.47 + 0.12x

R2 = 0.9191

0 25 50 75 100


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Av

g la

rva

l g

alle

rie

s/m

2/t

ree

/sit

e

y = -0.22 + 0.08x

R2 = 0.9923

*

*2013 2014

Value of Monitoring- Woodpecking (Whole Tree)

* From Flower, et al. 2013. The relationship between the emerald ash borer and ash tree decline… Analysis by Wilke and Aukema, University of Minnesota

0 25 50 75 100

Avg EAB trap catch per site

0

20

40

60

80

Av

g la

rva

l g

alle

rie

s/m

2/b

ran

ch

/sit

e

y = -1.55 + 16.65x

R2 = 0.9705

Value of Monitoring- Trapping

2014*

* From Flower, et al. 2013. The relationship between the emerald ash borer and ash tree decline…

Analysis by Wilke and Aukema, University of Minnesota

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Branch Trap Visual

Hours Per Positive Unit

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Value of Monitoring- Time Management


Funding Sources and Partners

MDA – Mark Abrahamson, Angie Ambourn, Chris Mallet, Jennifer Burington, Jon Osthus, William Martin

U of M – Brian Aukema, Rob Venette, Aubree Wilke, Sam FahrnerEAB Regional Meeting | www.mda.state.mn.us/eab

Thank you!

Angie Ambourn

Angie. [email protected]

651-201-6073


Thank you!

[email protected]

888-545-6684


emerald ash borer regional meeting...eab biological control - implementation over 449,000 parasitoid...

Documents