end of course earth science · 2015-01-23 · appalachian mountains formed originally from...

VIRGINIA

STANDARDS OF LEARNING ASSESSMENTS

Spring 2001 Released Test

END OF COURSEEARTH SCIENCE

SESSION: 40 PAGE: 1 11/15/101 10:38 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest

Property of the Virginia Department of Education

� 2001 by the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education, James MonroeBuilding, 101 N. 14th Street, Richmond, Virginia, 23219. All rights reserved. Exceptas permitted by law, this material may not be reproduced or used in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by anyinformation storage or retrieval system, without written permission from thecopyright owner. Commonwealth of Virginia public school educators may photocopy orprint any portion of these Released Tests for educational purposes without requestingpermission. All others should direct their requests to the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education at (804) 225-2102, Division of Assessment and Reporting.

SESSION: 19 PAGE: 2 11/14/101 8:38 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g3/DIV_g3mathtest

DIRECTIONSRead each question carefully and choose the bestanswer. Then mark the space on the answersheet for the answer you have chosen.

SAMPLE

Which of these can be used to measureatmospheric pressure?

A An anemometerB A barometer �

C A thermometerD A seismometer

1

The pictures show the same stars atdifferent times. Which hypothesis isbest supported by these data?

A The stars are moving toward oneanother.

B The three stars are moving very fast.C One star is moving around another star. �

D The biggest star is closest to the Earth.

2 All of the following are sources ofenergy derived from the oceanexcept —

F coal �

G thermalH tidesJ waves

3 A star might be much brighter than itappears to be. This is called the star’sabsolute magnitude. The difference inapparent magnitude and absolutemagnitude is due primarily to thestar’s —

A surface temperatureB motion through the universeC diameterD distance from the Earth �

1908 1915 19201908 1915 1920


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Earth Science

3

4 Mineral Classification

MineralCrystalSystem Density Streak

ChemicalFormula

Bauxite Amorphous 2.0-2.5 White-brown Al2O3

Hematite Hexagonal 5.2-5.3 Cherry-red Fe2O3

Pyrolusite Tetragonal 4.7-5.0 Blue-black MnO2

Uraninite Isometric 7.5-9.7 Metallicblack

UO2

These minerals may be grouped togetherbecause they all have —

F the same crystal systemsG constant density valuesH shiny streaksJ the oxygen ion �

5 Water vapor is lighter than manyatmospheric gases such as oxygen,nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Whythen doesn’t water vapor rise abovethese other gases to a higher level ofthe atmosphere?

A Water vapor contains other elementsthat give it weight.

B The cool atmosphere condenses therising water vapor and causes it to fallback to Earth. �

C The water molecules are attracted tomolecules of heavier gases and remainin the lower regions of the atmosphere.

D There is an attraction among the watervapor molecules to hold them togetherclose to the Earth.

6

Scientists use drill core samples tostudy the underlying rock structure.These two core samples were obtainedfrom the ocean floor from locationsseparated by 10 km. Which layer incore sample one does not have amatching layer in core sample two?

F Basalt �

G ClayH LimestoneJ Sandstone

SiltstoneSandstoneLimestoneBasaltClay

1

Key

2

��


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7

The wireless operator aboard theTitanic signaled for help and gave theship’s location as 41�45�N and 50�14�W.Which area shown on the map is mostlikely where the Titanic struck theiceberg?

A A �

B BC CD D

8

The countries shown here releasedmuch more CO2 than the rest of theworld because these countries have thelargest —

F number of peopleG amount of rainfallH number of heavy industries �

J amount of land per person

9 The presence of many metamorphicrocks in Virginia is an indication thatthe area has been subjected to —

A intense heat and pressure �

B limited volcanic activityC deep ocean ventingD massive solar bombardment

60°W70°W 50°W 40°W

30°N

60°N

70°N

50°N

40°N

30°W 20°W

A

B

C

D

Greenland

NovaScotia

Iceland

Greenland

NovaScotia

Iceland

BaffinBay

BaffinBay

Davis

Strait

Davis

Strait

IcebergsIcebergs

Country

United States 5.9

Canada 5.2

Germany 3.1

United Kingdom 2.9

Japan 2.3

France 2.0

Italy 2.0

World Average 1.2

Tons/Year(per capita)

Worldwide CO2 Release


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10

The picture shows a limestone buildingblock. Which observation best showsthat the limestone was formed fromocean sediments?

F The thickness of the rock layersG The number of fossilsH The type of fossils �

J The size of the fossils

11 About how long does it take the Earthto make one complete rotation on itsaxis?

A One day �

B One weekC One monthD One year

12

What appears to have occurred at thearea labeled B?

F Sediment was deposited on slopedground.

G Sediment was deposited on slopedground that later became level.

H Sediment was deposited on level groundthat later tilted. �

J Sediment was deposited on level groundthat stayed level.

13 Which of these energy sourcesproduces the least harmfulenvironmental effects?

A NuclearB Fossil fuelsC Solar �

D Hydroelectric

A

B

C

D


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6

14 All of the following support the theoryof continental drift except that —

F the continents seem to fit together likepieces of a puzzle

G there are similar fossils on differentcontinents

H mountain ranges in South America andAfrica line up

J the North Pole and Antarctica arecovered with ice �

15

One step in determining the metalcontent of a ring is to find the volumeof the ring. What is the volume of thisring?

A 1.7 mL �

B 3.0 mLC 4.7 mLD 7.1 mL

16 The Southern Hemisphere is warmerin January than in July because —

F it is experiencing summer �

G the cold winds are concentrated in theNorthern Hemisphere

H the sun puts out more energyJ the hole in the ozone layer allows more

heat into the atmosphere

17

Which answer below matches thenumber in the drawing with thecorrect name of a sedimentaryformation?

A 1-delta, 2-continental rise, 3-flood plainB 1-alluvial fan, 2-flood plain, 3-delta �

C 1-barrier island, 2-continental shelf,3-alluvial fan

D 1-continental shelf, 2-continental rise,3-barrier island

Before After

5

4

3

2

1

6

10

9

8

7

mL

5

4

3

2

1

6

10

9

8

7

mL

River

Ocean

1

2

3


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7

18 Only 3% of the Earth’s water is freshwater. The world’s oceans contain therest of the Earth’s water. Of that 3%,three-fourths is tied up in glaciers, icecaps, and snow fields. Antarcticglaciers contain nearly 85% of all theice in the world, and floating sea ice inthe Arctic contains 10% of the ice. Seaice freezes from ocean water, but thesalt is excluded in the freezing process,resulting in mostly freshwater ice.Where is the remaining 5% of theworld’s permanent supply of ice andsnow?

F High mountain peaks �

G Permanent Arctic blizzardsH Floating icebergsJ Drifting Antarctic snow

19 Oil spills have a tremendous impact onthe ocean environment, and the oilmust be cleaned up after these spills. Anew technique for cleaning oil frombeaches is called bioremediation. Thistechnique uses naturally occurringbacteria to break down the oil. How isthis accomplished?

A The bacteria bind with the oil and bringit to land.

B The bacteria pull the oil down to theocean floor.

C The bacteria chemically change the oilinto less harmful substances. �

D The bacteria die and absorb the oil.

20 A student sees a very bright star in thesky and thinks it might be the planetVenus. Which observation would lendsupport to this conclusion?

F After a few minutes, its position relativeto the surrounding stars has changedsignificantly.

G After an hour, its position relative to thehorizon has changed.

H After an hour, its brightness has fadedsignificantly.

J After a month, its position relative tothe surrounding stars has changed. �

21

Which of the following majorearthquakes did not occur at aboundary between tectonic plates?

A South Carolina (U.S.A.) 1886 �

B San Francisco (U.S.A.) 1906C Messina (southern Italy) 1908D Chillan (Chile) 1939

Plate Boundaries


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8

22 Sinkholes associated with naturalprocesses are characteristic of whattype of bedrock?

F Limestone �

G GraniteH BasaltJ Gneiss

23 Which diagram represents theplacement of the sun, Earth, and moonduring a lunar eclipse?

24

According to the map, most hurricanesoccur where —

F the oceans are warmest �

G the landmasses are largestH the atmosphere is driestJ areas of greatest population exist

25 Geologists think that parts of theAppalachian Mountains formedoriginally from sedimentsaccumulating in shallow swamps. Theweight of the sediments caused thearea beneath them to sink, allowingmore sediments to accumulate. Theprocess continued until many layershad formed. Then tectonic processesfolded the layered sediments into arange of mountains. What evidence forthis theory can be found in the currentstructure of these mountains?

A Some rocks making up these mountainsshow signs of volcanism.

B The form of these mountains is veryeroded.

C The mountains exhibit folded layers ofrocks containing fossils from shallowwater. �

D The mountain range consists of parallelridges of different ages.

Sun

Sun

Sun

Sun

A C

B D

�

20° E 40°

60°N

40°

20°

0°

20°

40°S

60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180° 160° 140° 120° 100° 80° 60° 40° 20°W 0° 20°

Equator

Hurricane Zones


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26

In this Mercator map of NorthAmerica, Canada and Alaska togetherappear larger than the United Statesand Mexico together when in fact theyare smaller. What causes thisdistortion?

F Mountains get flattened on a map sothat mountainous areas look larger thanthey really are.

G The northern regions are enlargedbecause the shallower parts of theoceans are frozen.

H The latitude and longitude lines createan optical illusion.

J The map is a projection of a round worldonto a flat surface. �

27 Which of the following is an example ofchemical weathering?

A Splits in a rock due to tree rootsB Pulverized rock resulting from a

landslideC A rock broken into chunks after

being carried by rapidly flowing waterD The dissolving of limestone by acid

rain �

28 The pole star, Polaris, is nearlystationary and straight overhead whenseen from the North Pole. Whenviewed from the Equator, it —

F is nearly stationary and on the horizon�

G is nearly stationary and directlyoverhead

H rises barely above the eastern horizon,moves along the southern horizon, andsets in the West

J rises straight up in the East, passesdirectly overhead, and descends straightdown in the West

29

Using this procedure, what property ofa mineral can be found?

A Crystal arrangementB Specific gravity �

C BrittlenessD Fracture

0°

15°N

30°N

45°N

60°N

75°NMercator Projection of North America

Alaska

Canada

United States

Mexico

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25


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30 Moist air from the Pacific Ocean risesand cools as it passes from west to eastover the Sierra Nevada Mountains.Once it is over the mountain range, theair descends and warms on the otherside. What is the result of the airascending, then descending over themountains?

F Desert on the west side of themountains and heavy rains on the eastside

G Heavy rains on the west side of themountains and desert on the east side �

H Heavy rains on the west side of themountains and year-round snow on theeast side

J Desert on the east and west sides of themountains and heavy rains on top of themountains

31 Because granite cools below thesurface of the Earth, it is —

A an igneous extrusive rockB an igneous intrusive rock �

C a sedimentary rockD a metamorphic rock

32

Hypothesis: In the summer, thewarmest air will be closest to SouthLake.

According to the data shown by thegraph, the warmest air during thesummer will be found —

F closest to North LakeG above South LakeH above the land between the lakes �

J closest to the water level of the lakes

33 Fish are abundant in areas where theocean is upwelling because it —

A causes currents that carry fish into thearea

B brings nutrients to the surface �

C causes surface turbulence that attractsfish

D changes tidal flow in that area

Tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

5

10

15

20

25

30

Distance (km)40

Land

0 SouthLake

NorthLake

80

Average July Temperature


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11

34 Parallax can be used to measure astar’s —

F distance from Earth �

G atmospheric temperatureH gravitational strengthJ surface composition

35 Many quarries in Virginia producecrushed stone. What industry uses themost crushed stone?

A PlasticsB Construction �

C ElectronicsD Steel

36 All of the following are characteristicsof metamorphic rocks except —

F flattened crystalsG colored, parallel layersH bending from pressureJ holes from trapped gases �

37 Which of these best showswind-deposited sediments?

A

B

C

D

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38

What is the position of the star abovethe horizon?

F 35� �

G 40�

H 55�

J 60�

39 Not all fossils have been preservedinside soil or rock. Explorers in Siberiahave discovered the bodies of ancientmammoths so well-preserved that theflesh could be eaten. What do youthink preserved the mammoths in sucha perfect state?

A WaterB Ice �

C Leaf moldD Carbon dioxide

40

Which layer in this area is theyoungest?

F Shale �

G SandstoneH LimestoneJ Breccia

Horizon

Star

0°

90°

90°

30°

30°

60°

60°

0°

90°90°

60°

30° 30°

60°

Shale Sandstone Limestone Breccia

Shale

Sandstone

Limestone

Breccia

Sandstone

Limestone

Breccia


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13

41 What is the fewest number ofseismographic stations that mustrecord the arrival time of P and Swaves in order for the epicenter of anearthquake to be located?

A 2B 3 �

C 5D 10

42

This picture shows a simple well thatwas dug down to the groundwater.What probably caused the lower levelof groundwater, known as a “cone ofdepression,” in the vicinity of the well?

F The weight of the atmosphere pressesdown on the groundwater in the well.

G The ground below the well acts as avacuum sucking out the water.

H Gravity pulls down the water beneaththe well.

J As water is drawn from the well, ittakes time for the groundwater topercolate through the soil and restorethe level. �

43

What is the actual distancerepresented by 1 inch on this map?

A 24 feetB 40 feetC 24,000 inches �

D 48,000 inches

44 The amount of power that can begenerated by a hydroelectric damwould be most dependent on whichtwo factors?

F The width of the dam and theconstruction material of the dam

G The volume of water going over the damand the distance that the water falls �

H The surface area of the reservoir andthe shape of the reservoir floor

J The temperature of the water and theamount of oxygen that it contains

Permanent water table

Saturated groundwater zone

Cone ofdepression

WilliamsvilleWilliamsville

Boundary

Boundary

ByrdPointByrdPoint

FordFord

Gorge

Gorge

1800

1680

16251734

1632

1620

2200

2000

1800

1800

Cem1 : 24,000Contour Interval 40 feet

Scale


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45

The diagram shows the distribution ofdifferent fossils. During what geologictime period would they have existedtogether?

A JurassicB Triassic �

C PermianD Carboniferous

46 A person weighs more on the Earththan on the moon because the Earthhas a greater —

F densityG atmospheric pressureH magnetic strengthJ gravitational pull �

47

Which of these elements does this starcontain?

A MercuryB Calcium �

C SodiumD Neon

Jurassic

Triassic

Permian

Carboniferous

Span of Different Fossils

A DCB

Mercury

500nm

600nm

Neon

500nm

600nm

Sodium

500nm

600nm

Calcium

500nm

600nm

Spectrum of Star X500nm

600nm

Atomic Spectra of Certain Elements


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48

Which factor would best explain whyCharlottesville is clear while Norfolkhas mist?

F TemperatureG Humidity �

H Wind speedJ Pressure

49 The mineral resources of Virginia canbe conserved by doing all of thefollowing except —

A recyclingB reducingC regenerating �

D reusing

50 A boat will float higher in the AtlanticOcean than it will in the PotomacRiver because ocean water has —

F a lower freezing pointG more organisms in itH more oxygen in itJ a greater density �

Weather Observed atCharlottesville, Virginia

Temperature

Humidity

Dewpoint

Wind

Pressure

Sky Condition

Visibility

23°C

38%

8°C

East at 9.7 kph

1020 mb

Clear

24 kilometers

Weather Observed atNorfolk NAS, Virginia

Temperature

Humidity

Dewpoint

Wind

Pressure

Sky Condition

Visibility

13°C

89%

11°C

East at 12.9 kph

1020 mb

Mist

10 kilometers


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16

Answer KeyTest

SequenceCorrectAnswer

ReportingCategory Reporting Category Description

1 C 001 Scientific Investigation

2 F 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

3 D 004 Astronomy and Space Science

4 J 002 Geology

5 B 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

6 F 002 Geology

7 A 001 Scientific Investigation

8 H 002 Geology

9 A 002 Geology

10 H 002 Geology

11 A 004 Astronomy and Space Science

12 H 002 Geology

13 C 002 Geology

14 J 002 Geology

15 A 001 Scientific Investigation

16 F 004 Astronomy and Space Science

17 B 002 Geology


19 C 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

20 J 001 Scientific Investigation

21 A 002 Geology

22 F 002 Geology

23 C 004 Astronomy and Space Science


25 C 002 Geology

26 J 001 Scientific Investigation

27 D 002 Geology


29 B 002 Geology

30 G 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

31 B 002 Geology

32 H 001 Scientific Investigation

33 B 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”


35 B 002 Geology

36 J 002 Geology

37 B 002 Geology

38 F 001 Scientific Investigation

39 B 002 Geology

40 F 002 Geology

41 B 002 Geology

42 J 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

43 C 001 Scientific Investigation

44 G 002 Geology

45 B 002 Geology

46 J 004 Astronomy and Space Science

47 B 004 Astronomy and Space Science

48 G 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”

49 C 002 Geology

50 J 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”


end of course earth science · 2015-01-23 · appalachian mountains formed originally from...

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