energy audit toolkit - cityswitch toolkits/cityswitch... · overview 3 effective management of your...

Energy Audit ToolkitLighting

CONTENTS

Re-published for CitySwitch Green Office, 2010. First published by the Australian Greenhouse Office, in the Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2005. Technical content prepared by Graham A. Brown and Associates.

© Commonwealth of Australia 2005 This work is copyrighted to the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at www.ag.gov.au/cca

The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment and Heritage. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication.

3 Overview

4 Background Information

5 Energy Audit Checklist

13 Energy Efficiency Action Plan

15 Resources

OvERvIEw

3

Effective management of your organisation’s energy usage makes good business sense. It can produce both environmental and economic benefits and importantly reduce your greenhouse gas emissions. This Energy Audit Toolkit has been developed to assist non-technical or semi-technical energy managers in small to medium organisations:

➜ identify actions to improve energy efficiency through the use of a simple but detailed audit checklist; and

➜ develop plans for implementing energy efficiency actions.

The checklist contains notes supplying the auditor with further explanation or hints on how to compete the tasks. It should be possible to complete the majority of tasks through simple observation.

This Energy Audit Toolkit has been developed in association with a suite of resource sheets covering a range of topics to assist organisations in achieving energy efficiency. Additional CitySwitch Energy Audit Toolkits are available for office equipment, hot water and lighting control.

NEEd mORE INfORmATION?

Visit cityswitch.net.au for more information or call the CitySwitch Program Manager in your state. Contact details are listed on the website. Additional copies of the suite of CitySwitch Energy Audit Tools can be downloaded from cityswitch.net.au

4

BACkgROuNd

The cost of lighting is quite high for many organisations. In offices it often represents about 50 percent of the energy bill. However, simple and cost effective changes to lighting systems can be made that will result in long-term savings.

The Energy Audit Toolkits for ‘Lighting’ and ‘Lighting Control’ will help you to identify relevant changes that can be made to the design, maintenance and operation of your existing lighting system to reduce energy consumption and costs. The measures range from switching off lights when not needed and maximising the use of natural light, to installing energy efficient lights and light controllers.

All personnel should be aware and reminded of their role and the relevant methods to reduce energy consumption of lighting systems. Involve personnel in decision making processes and consult them for energy saving ideas. Remember these are the people who use the lighting every day.

Each question in the Energy Audit Checklist which follows has a space where you can write your energy efficiency improvement ideas. You should refer to the explanatory notes when considering what can be done to improve energy efficiency. You may need to take additional notes and attach them to the checklist, or attach other relevant documentation (such as instruction sheets and site plans) in order to support your improvement ideas and completely document your audit.

Remember these are ideas, not decisions. when you have completed the Energy Audit Checklist, select the energy efficiency improvements that are viable and enter them into the Energy Efficiency Action Plan on page 13.

5

ENERgy AudIT ChECkLIST

OPERATION ANd uSE

QuESTION 1: What types of lights are used? Please indicate the approximate numbers of each type of light.

■ Incandescent Number ....................

■ Fluorescent tubes Number ....................

■ Compact fluorescent Number ....................

■ Mercury high discharge lamps Number ....................

■ Halogen or extra low voltage (12V) Number ....................

■ Electrodeless lamps Number ....................

■ Spotlights Number ....................

■ Downlights Number....................

■ Other Number ....................

Improvement ideas and notes: ....................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Inefficient incandescent lights should be replaced with fluorescent lights where possible. There are two types of fluorescent lights: fluorescent tubes (for use in large areas or rooms), and compact fluorescent lights, which are designed to fit into conventional light fittings (for use in smaller areas or rooms). When installing fluorescent tubes, choose high triphosphor light tubes which are more energy efficient and have a longer lifetime.

➜ Low voltage (12V) halogen lamps should only be used for specific display areas and not for general lighting. They are more energy efficient than incandescent lights but much less efficient than fluorescent lights.

➜ Compact fluorescent or reflector-back globes (lamps) of lower wattage should be used in place of downlights or spotlights as they are more energy efficient than other globes (lamps).

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult maintenance or engineering personnel if necessary, or personnel responsible for purchasing, or alternatively the records of purchases.

6

ENERgy AudIT ChECkLISTENERgy AudIT ChECkLIST

QuESTION 2: Are any coloured light globes used?

■ Yes ■ No

What types are used? (give reasons for their use) ............................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Use of coloured light globes should be avoided where possible as they reduce the output of light by half.

QuESTION 3: Are desk lamps or standard lamps utilised when suitable, instead of lighting whole rooms or areas?

■ Yes ■ No


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ These lamps should be used as much as possible when the work is concentrated to a small area for long time periods. This avoids wasting energy by lighting large areas unnecessarily.

QuESTION 4: What type of ballast is used in fluorescent lights (tubes) in the building? Please tick the appropriate box below.

■ Low loss

■ Extra low loss

■ Electronic

■ Standard ferro-magnetic

■ Other: .................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Low loss, extra low loss, or electronic ballasts should be used in fluorescent lights (tubes) rather than standard ferro-magnetic ballasts. These are more energy efficient and eliminate flicker when the tubes reach the end of their life.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult maintenance, engineering or purchasing personnel if necessary, the records of purchases, or the lightning operating manual.


7


QuESTION 5: Are lights left on in unoccupied areas?

■ Yes ■ No

If yes, where and when? (Please provide the reason they are left on, such as cleaning, security, or aesthetics.)

■ Weekends: ...........................................................................................................................................

■ Public holidays: .....................................................................................................................................

■ After hours: ..........................................................................................................................................

■ Morning tea or lunch break: ....................................................................................................................

■ Other: .................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Ensure lights are switched off when not needed.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Observe current practices at different times and different parts of the office and consult with all personnel in your organisation, including security guards, cleaners and suppliers of goods and services.

QuESTION 6: Are any lights left on unnecessarily?

■ Yes ■ No

If yes, where and when? (Please provide the reason they are left on, such as cleaning, security, or aesthetics.)

■ Weekends: ...........................................................................................................................................

■ Public holidays: .....................................................................................................................................

■ After hours: .........................................................................................................................................

■ Morning tea or lunch break: ....................................................................................................................

■ Other: .................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Unnecessary lights should be switched off during the day where possible (i.e. in meeeting and storage rooms). Sensors should be installed on any lights in rooms that are not often used (see Energy Audit Toolkit: Lighting Control).

mAkE SuRE yOu: Walk around the office or speak with maintenance or security personnel regarding times when the building is unoccupied.

8


QuESTION 7: Is natural light utilised as much as possible, where suitable, in each room, section or area of the office?

■ Yes ■ No


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Natural light should be utilised as much as possible. Consider repositioning furniture and other objects or even changing the activities taking place in areas.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Survey each section of the office and note down the positioning of furniture and other objects.

QuESTION 8: Is lighting in any area or room of the office excessive for the particular activity being undertaken?

Activity AS 1680:1990 recommended Actual lighting level (lux) lighting level (lux)

General purpose 240 .......................................

Storeroom 80 .......................................

Office work 320 .......................................

Corridors 40 .......................................

Fine and detailed work 600 .......................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

mAkE SuRE yOu: Undertake a simple lighting assessment using a lux meter (available from electronics shops). Make a sketch of the room or area showing the approximate positions of each light and the lux values for each part of the area surveyed. Compare with recommended lighting levels.


9


STRuCTuRE

QuESTION 9: Have old fluorescent lights been upgraded with more energy efficient components at any stage?

■ Yes ■ No

If yes, please provide details (where, when, what): ...........................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Standard fluorescent light tubes should be replaced with high triphosphor light tubes. These are more energy efficient and have a longer life than the standard ones.

➜ Mirror reflectors and diffusers can be installed in fluorescent lights to improve light output. Standard prismatic sheet diffusers are more efficient and cheaper than egg-crate, opal and metal diffusers. Obtain advice from a lighting consultant when upgrading your lighting system if necessary.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult maintenance or engineering personnel or the records of purchases.

QuESTION 10: What design features exist in the office to increase the levels of natural light?

■ North facing windows

■ Skylights

■ Light tubes

■ Light coloured interior

■ Other: .................................................................................................................................................

■ None


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Design features such as north facing windows, skylights, and light tubes should be considered where feasible to reduce the amount of artificial light needed. Ensure these do not alter the office temperature significantly. Repainting interiors with light colours can also enhance natural lighting levels.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Obtain a plan of the office layout and mark each feature on it.

10


QuESTION 11: Can extra design features be added to maximise the levels of natural light?

■ Yes ■ No


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

mAkE SuRE yOu: Obtain a plan of the office layout and mark possible features on it referring to features mentioned in Question 10.

QuESTION 12: Do lights exist in unnecessary or obscure places (such as near windows or above shelving)?

■ Yes ■ No

Provide details: ..........................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Unnecessary lights should be removed. Refer also to Question 8.

➜ Mark unnecessary lights on your office plan.

QuESTION 13: Has delamping occurred in over-lit areas?

■ Yes ■ No

Provide details: .........................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Delamping involves removing fluorescent tubes from existing fluorescent fittings, while ensuring that lighting remains uniform. Lights closest to windows or the middle tube of multiple tubed fluorescent lights can be delamped. It should take place after a lighting audit. Refer to Question 8 to identify over-lit areas.


11


QuESTION 14: Has appropriate signage been installed to instruct or remind personnel to switch off lights when they are no longer needed?

■ Yes ■ No


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Signs should be placed near light switches in clear view.

mAINTENANCE

QuESTION 15: How often are lights, light fittings and lighting design features cleaned? Please tick the appropriate box below.

■ Daily

■ Weekly

■ Fortnightly

■ Monthly

■ Other: .................................................................................................................................................

■ Never


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ These features should be maintained on a regular basis to ensure light output is maximised.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult the cleaning or maintenance personnel.

12


QuESTION 16: In what time frame are repairs of lights, light fittings and lighting design features undertaken? Please tick the appropriate box below.

■ Within 24 hours

■ Within a week

■ Greater than a month


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Repairs should be undertaken as soon as possible to achieve maximum energy efficiency.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult maintenance or engineering personnel, or if external contractors are used check asset or defect management system.

PuRChASINg

QuESTION 17: Is energy efficiency taken into account when purchasing lights and lighting accessories?

■ Yes ■ No

Provide details: .........................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................


...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

➜ Energy efficiency should always be taken into account. A review of the purchasing policy may be necessary. Purchasing more energy efficient light globes that fit into existing light fittings is simple but effective when aiming to reduce energy usage.

mAkE SuRE yOu: Consult purchasing policy or guidelines.

13

ENERgy EffICIENCy ACTION PLAN

gOALS fOR ENERgy EffICIENT LIghTINg

List your energy efficiency goals with reference to your ‘improvement ideas and notes’ on the Checklist pages. Be specific where possible taking into account technical, financial and operational inputs. Goals should be measurable where practical.

Example: ‘Reduce the energy use for lighting by 10 percent compared to last year’s consumption.’

NO. GOAL

Note: As an alternative to using this action plan, you can also enter your energy efficiency actions as objectives and targets in an environmental management system, as a work order in your maintenance management system, or in another process that ensures nominated personnel complete the actions.

14

ENERgy EffICIENCy ACTION PLAN

ACTION STEPS TO BE TAkEN

List the specific actions needed to implement each of your energy efficiency goals. Ensure you nominate the person responsible where relevant.

Please photocopy this form if additional action steps are required.

Page: ............of ............

GOAL NO. ACTION DUE DATE DATE COMPLETED

15

RESOuRCES

Visit cityswitch.net.au for more information or call the CitySwitch Program Manager in your state. Contact details are listed on the website. The suite of Energy Audit Tools along with a range of tenant energy efficiency resources can be downloaded from the CitySwitch website.

energy audit toolkit - cityswitch toolkits/cityswitch... · overview 3 effective management of your...

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