energy conservation & management plan (2014) … · education centre and/or visitor centre if...

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KING TOWNSHIP

ENERGY CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT PLAN (2014)

Prepared for: Township of King 2075 King Road King City, Ontario

Attn:

Chris Fasciano Director - Recreation and Culture Township of King

Submission Date: June 16, 2014

Prepared by: Bold Engineering Inc. 185 Bridgeland Avenue, Suite 106 Toronto, ON, M6A 1Y7

King Township Energy Conservation and Management Plan 2014

Reference No: B13-201.02

1.0 INTRODUCTION BOLD Engineering Inc. (BOLD) was retained by King Township to provide an updated Energy Management Plan including conducting an detailed engineered review of 20 existing facilities in order to analyse their existing Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions and provide recommendations for improvement going forward. BOLD was specifically retained to perform the following:

Provide energy consumption and GHG emissions using available 2012 data provided by King Township for each of their facilities;

Identify best practises and energy saving opportunities; Provide a five year energy conservation and demand management plan; Provide detailed costs and estimated savings for all proposed energy conservation

measures; Benchmark facilities; Provide updated building characteristics;

1.1 Background

King Township is a rural municipality with vast green space, a growing population and changing demographic. The Township is seeing a boom in housing development and with new residents and community needs the facilities required, or the prescribed uses, will potentially face significant changes.. The Township has over 20 facilities and buildings some of which date back to the mid 1800’s. Some of the buildings are located out in rural areas where there is no natural gas available for heating. Multiple facilities are only supplied with electricity for power. Some have no power or gas services. Various facilities are not connected to a central sanitary service and are equipped with their own septic tanks. The chart in subsection 3.1 shows a high level outline of the facilities which have been reviewed as part of this study

2.0 VISION, REQUIREMENTS AND RELATED PLANS, STUDIES & REVIEWS

Integrated Community Sustainability Plan Vision “King Township is an idyllic countryside community of communities, proud of its rural, cultural and agricultural heritage. We are respected for treasuring nature, encouraging a responsible local economy, and celebrating our vibrant quality of life”



King Township Corporate Vision “An empowered staff that proudly achieves personal and organizational excellence in the delivery of municipal services”.

2.1 The Green Energy Act

The Province of Ontario has developed the Green Energy Act (GEA) as “a mechanism to expand renewable energy generation, encourage energy conservation and promote the creation of clean energy jobs” (Ministry of Energy, 2012). A new regulation under the GEA will require public agencies, including municipalities, to:

Report annually on energy use and GHG emissions beginning July 1, 2013 and post that information online; and,

Develop five-year energy conservation plans starting July 1, 2014, and post those plans online. By completing a baseline of energy use and the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, King Township will review energy consumptions and conservation recommendations. The town can then set goals for reduction in energy consumptions and select recommendations to implement. This will allow King Township to comply with Provincial regulations well in advance of the reporting deadlines.

2.2 Green House Gases (GHG)

A greenhouse gas (or GHG for short) is any gas in the atmosphere which absorbs heat, and thereby keeps the planet’s atmosphere warmer than it otherwise would be. The main GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O). GHGs occur naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere, but human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, are increasing the levels of GHG’s in the atmosphere, causing global warming and climate change. It’s worth noting that different greenhouse gases last in the atmosphere for different lengths of time, and they also absorb different amounts of heat. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most common GHG emitted by human activities, in terms of the quantity released and the total impact on global warming. As a result the term “CO2” is sometimes used as a shorthand expression for all greenhouse gases



2.3 Related Plans, Studies and Reviews Integrated Community Sustainability Plan (ICSP)

The ICSP sets the overarching goal to achieve a 30 percent reduction in energy demand by 2031. Residents, Sustainability in Action businesses and the Township will reduce dependence on non-renewable energy through conservation, promotion of renewable energy and the adoption of community-based initiatives. The community will be working towards reducing our carbon footprint and increasing resiliency to climate change. These actions require supporting energy efficiency and safety in all municipal buildings and by showing leadership in green energy at the Township level.

Parks, Recreation & Culture Master Plan 2013 (Master Plan)

The Master Plan identifies several recommendations that align with the ICSP and the identified goals. These recommendations include: 75. Take an active role in promoting sustainable living and environmental

protection in King through its internal operation, supported by community development and outreach initiatives that stimulate grassroots efforts to achieve sustainability.

77. Continue to explore energy efficient or environmentally-focused designs of

parks and facilities, notably at the Cold Creek Conservation Area Outdoor Education Centre and/or Visitor Centre if positioning these facilities as a primary destination for environmental outreach and stewardship services.

83. Develop a Greening Strategy that embraces the principles of the 3Rs,

reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, environmental stewardship, in full alignment with the Integrated Community Sustainability Plan.

84. Include specific targets and quantified benefits toward environmental

sustainability in parks and recreation. These targets should relate to the respective mandates and efforts to protect and preserve clean air, land and water. This should, at a minimum, encompass parks naturalization, beautification, urban forestry targets, energy efficiency, reduction of waste in facilities and parks, education and awareness (through facilities, programs and services), reduction of gas emissions (through the use of trails for active transportation and green fleet), and the engagement of children and youth in protecting and enhancing the environment.

91. Regularly conduct Facility/Property Condition and Accessibility Audits to

identify long-term capital cost requirements. These audits should be



considered with recommended facility actions to confirm or adjust directions to be taken and be integrated into the Township’s long-range capital budgeting processes.

Structural Facility Review 2013

Building off of recommendation 91 in the Master Plan, staff engaged an engineering firm to complete a structural review and accessibility audit on all municipal facilities in 2013. Due to the age of the facilities and the related infrastructure, many of the recommendations identified in the review compliment the recommendations in section 6 of this plan.

3.0 CURRENT STATE 3.1 Facilities Organization:

King Township owns and operates over 20 buildings, the buildings have been categories based on type of usage as shown below.

Building Type Number Total Area (sq.m) Library 4 1439 Fire halls 3 2461 Community Centers 4 7060 Municipal Admin Bldg 1 2136 Arenas 4 10490 Pumping Houses 6 2632 Others 5 1885

3.2 Building Descriptions: The following is list of main buildings owned and or operated by King Township, a

brief description of the overall building along with their mechanical and electrical systems. This is based on information collected during site surveys and installed equipment manufacturers cut sheets.



3.2.1 King City Arena Address 25 Doctors Lane, King City, Ontario GFA 30,000 sq. ft. / 2788 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 40 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as an area complete with one ice pad. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.

HVAC System Description

The mechanical systems comprise of two (2) floor mounted furnaces type air handling units with direct expansion (dx) cooling coils connected to outdoor condensing units. Heating is provided by natural gas and cooling is electric condensing unit. The two furnaces appear to be in good physical and operational conditions.

Energy Using Appliances

2 Furnaces complete with associated condensers, 4 Gas fired hot water tanks, Electrical unit heater and gas unit heater.

Lighting System Description

Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8,T12,T5 and LCD.

3.2.2 King City Senior Centre Address 30 Fisher St., King City, Ontario GFA 3,000 sq. ft / 278 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 25 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a senior’s centre. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.


The mechanical system comprises of electrical heating furnace with a dx cooling coil connected to a outdoor condensing unit. Along with a furnace there is a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) unit installed for ventilation requirements. There are electrical baseboard heaters all along the perimeter. The hot water tank is electrical type with two 3kw elements.


Furnace, Heat Recovery Unit (HRV), Electric baseboard heaters, Electric hot water tank.


Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8,T12, and T5

3.2.3 King Township Municipal Offices Address 2075 King Road, King City, Ontario GFA 22,744 sq. ft. / 2,113 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 40 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as administrative offices, including council chambers. It is a one (1) storey above grade building.


The mechanical systems are comprised of 19 off the shelf Lennox rooftop units. At time of installation, the rooftop units were most likely the best efficiency available but to current standard they are mid efficiency units. All units within the plaza are air conditioned. There are electrical hot water tanks installed.


16 Gas/elec rooftop units, Elect hot water tanks.





3.2.4 King City Fire Hall Address 2045 King Road, King City, Ontario GFA 8,000 sq. ft. / 743 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 12 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a fire station. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.


The mechanical systems comprise of a gas fired Lennox furnace with a condenser on the outside. Along with the furnace, there are radiant tube heaters installed in the bay area. There is also a Lennox HRV for ventilation with a programmable thermostat.


Bradford White gas fired hot water tank high efficiency direct vented with a capacity of 75 US gallons. Gas fired furnace, gas fired tube heaters, HRV unit.



3.2.5 King City Library Address 1970 King Road, King City, Ontario GFA 7,500sq. ft. / 700 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 43 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a public library. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.


The mechanical system is comprised of a Payne gas fired furnace with a dx cooling coil connected to a condensing unit located outside. The thermostat is a programmable type that allows for unoccupied mode turn down.


1.5Kw hot water tank, Gas fired furnace with associated condensing unit, HRV unit,





3.2.6 King Township Museum Address 2920 King Road, King City, Ontario GFA 6,339sq. ft. / 589 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 50 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a museum. The museum has 2 stand-alone auxiliary buildings, one of which is a church and the other a train station. The museum is a single storey building above grade with a basement level. The church and the train station each are a single storey above grade.


The mechanical system for the church is a ground mounted York pre-packaged unit. The unit appears to be old and is charged with R22 refrigerant. There is also a furnace along with an outdoor condensing unit. The church and train station do not have any heating and plumbing.


Single Bradford White 1.5Kw hot water tank, gas fired furnaces and associated condensers,


Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8, T12, T5, incandescent lamps outside.

3.2.7 Nobleton Fire Hall Address 5926 King Road, King City, Ontario GFA 8,500sq. ft. / 789 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 18 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a fire station with and associated offices. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.


The mechanical systems comprises of two gas fired furnaces with dx cooling coils associated with condensing units which are located outside. There is a programmable thermostat installed. There are additional gas fired radiant tube heaters and a unit heater in the truck bay area. An exhaust fan is interlocked with a carbon monoxide sensor which is installed in the truck bay area.


Gas fired hot water tank, 2 furnaces, gas fired radiant heater,





3.2.8 Nobleton Library Address 8 Sheardown Drive, King City, Ontario GFA 3,800sq. ft. / 353 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 26 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a public library. It is comprised of a single storey above grade and a single storey below grade.


The mechanical systems are comprised of two electric heating furnaces. Along with the furnace is an electric cabinet unit heater and a duct heater. A programmable thermostat has also been installed for each furnace.


There is a single hot water tank with a 3Kw element. Tank capacity is 175 liters. 2 gas fired furnaces, electric cabinet unit heater, electric duct heater,


Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8,T12,T5

3.2.9 Nobleton Community Hall Address 19 Old King Road, Nobleton, Ontario GFA 4,500sq. ft. / 418 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 75 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community centre. It is comprised of a 2 storey above grade structure.


The mechanical system is comprised of 2 gas fired furnaces with dx cooling coils with their respective condensing units outdoors. Each furnace has its own programmable thermostat. Both furnaces are energy efficient with a direct venting system. An electric forced flow heater is installed at the entrance door. There is also gas fired cooking equipment, a commercial size griddle and a residential style range. The exhaust ductwork from the griddle is NFPA welded ductwork out through the perimeter wall and up to the exhaust fan located at a high level outside the building. A make-up air supply fan is provided with an electric duct heater for the kitchen exhaust system.


There is a gas fired hot water tank with a capacity of 151 litres. 2 gas fired furnaces, gas range, and electric make-up air unit with electric duct heater, electric forced flow heater.





3.2.10 Nobleton Arena Address 15 Old King Road, Nobleton, Ontario GFA 31,000sq. ft. / 2,880 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 35 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as an indoor ice arena. It is comprised of a 2 storey above grade structure.


This building is equipped with a ice hockey rink that is fitted with its refrigeration system provided by Cimco. The refrigeration system is fairly dated and appears to be poor physical condition. System comprises of 3 compressors, multiple pumps. The building HVAC system is maintained by furnaces, rooftop units and a make-up air unit. There are multiple electric convector heaters along perimeter walls. The rooftop units are by Lennox and are mid to low efficiency type. The make-up air unit is fair physical condition and is of standard efficiency


There are two (2) mid-efficiency atmospheric burner hot water tanks. Total storage capacity is 302 litres. 3 refrigeration compressors, 2 gas fired furnaces, 2 gas/electric rooftop units, gas fired make-up air unit, gas fired tube heaters.



3.2.11 Laskay Hall Address 12840 Weston Road, King City, Ontario GFA 2,500sq. ft. / 232 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 100 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community centre. It is comprised of a single storey above grade structure.


There is no natural gas service at this location. Building is heated by electric baseboard heaters. There is electric appliance including range, fans and hood.


There is a single electric hot water tank with two 3Kw heating elements. The tank’s total capacity is 184 litres and it appears to be in good working and physical condition. Electric baseboard heater, kitchen exhaust fan, electric range.


Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8, T12, T5, all lighting on switches, hallway lighting is ommable.



3.2.12 Nobleton Outdoor Pool & Building Address 15 Old King Road, Nobleton, Ontario GFA 900sq. ft. / 84 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 30 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community centre. It is comprised of a single storey above grade structure.

HVAC System Description3

The space is heated by two 5ft long electric baseboard heaters with integral control. There is no mechanical ventilation. There is a gas atmospheric burner hot water tank and very old pool hot water heating boiler along with associated pumps. The pool piping system appears to be fairly new and in good condition


Electric baseboard heater, gas fired hot water tank, pumps.



3.2.13 Cold Creek Conservation Area Address 14125 11th Concessions, Nobleton, Ontario GFA xxxsq. ft. /xx4 sq. M Age of Facility All three (3) buildings have been refurbished in 2007 Facility Description

This facility is comprised of 3 stand-alone buildings (Education Centre, Visitors Centre and Barn). Each building has a single storey above and below grade.


There are no mechanical services in the barn. The Visitors center is heated by ten electrical baseboard heaters. There is electric range, fridge and exhaust hood. There is no mechanical ventilation in this building. The Education Center is heated and cooled by a furnace with a dx cooling coil with associated condenser outdoors. There is a programmable thermostat installed. Both furnace and condensing unit are high efficiency units. Furnace heat is provided by electrical heat


There is electric 40 USG hot water tank with a single 3kw element. Electric baseboard heaters, electric furnace with associated condensing unit.





3.2.14 Schomberg Library Address 77 Schomberg, Schomberg, Ontario GFA 3,400 sq. ft. / 316 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 34 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a library. It is comprised of a single storey above grade.


There are two gas/electric outdoor air handling units with discharge ductwork externally insulated outside of building. The ductwork and insulation appears to be in good condition. There is electric snow melting on the roof.


There is electric hot water heater, two gas/electric rooftop units. Electric forced flow heater, electric snow melting.



3.2.15 Schomberg Community Hall Address 325 Main Street, Schomberg, Ontario GFA 4,200 sq. ft. / 390 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 50 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community center. It is comprised of (2) two storeys above grade.


The building is heated by a gas fired furnace with a dx cooling coil with a associated condensing unit outdoor. The furnace and associated coil appears to be in poor condition, there is calcium build-up on the ductwork.


There is an electric hot water tank with a 3.8 Kw heating element, gas fired furnace with associated condenser, fridge, electric range



3.2.16 Schomberg Fire Hall Address 91 Proctor Road, Schomberg, Ontario GFA 9,800 sq. ft. / 910 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 30 Years (Converted into a Fire Hall in 1992) Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a fire hall. It is comprised of (2) two storeys above grade.


There is a gas fired furnace with a dx cooling coil with associate condensing unit installed outdoors. There are also gas fired unit heaters in the truck bay. The unit heaters are controlled by a wall mounted dial thermostat and furnace is by a programmable thermostat. There is a condensing instantaneous hot water heater. Typically there is a residential type cooking appliances in fire halls, in this hall there is also commercial size clothe dryer.


Gas fired furnace, gas fired unit heaters, gas fired tankless water heater, gas fired laundry dryer.





3.2.17 Kettleby-Pottageville Hall Address 15980 7th Concession, Kettleby, Ontario GFA 3,300 sq. ft. / 306 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 18 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community center. It is comprised of a single storey above grade and a single storey below grade.


There are three gas/electric packaged air handling units; all located outdoors on the roof of building. There is also gas fired commercial grade stove with NFPA welded ductwork completes with associated supply air fan.


There is a high efficiency gas fired 75 USG hot water tank, three gas/electric rooftop units, electric sump pump, gas fired range, electric fridge.



3.2.18 Pottageville Pavilion Address 4380 18th Side Road, Kettleby, Ontario GFA 1,000 sq. ft. / 98 sq. M Age of Facility Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community center. It is comprised of a single storey above grade.


Building is heated with eight electric baseboard heaters. There is no mechanical ventilation except for 2 sanitary exhaust fans in washrooms


The hot water tank is electric type with capacity of 175 litres. The tank has a single 3kw heating element. Electric baseboard heaters,



3.2.19 Ansnorveldt Library Address 18997 Dufferin St, Ansnorveldt, Ontario GFA 800 sq. ft. / 75 sq. M Age of Facility Approximately 23 Years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a library. It is comprised of two (2) storeys above grade.


This building is classified as a heritage building. The space is conditioned by a packaged terminal air conditioning (PTAC) unit. There is also a window “shaker” A/C unit and washroom sanitary exhaust fan.


There is a small 12USG electric hot water tank installed for domestic hot water. PTAC unit, in-window air conditioning unit, split system air conditioning unit, furnace





3.2.20 Trisan Centre Address 25 Dillane Dr, Schomberg, Ontario GFA 68,000 sq. ft. / 6317 sq. M Age of Facility 3 years Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community center, including ice rink.


This is a fairly sophisticated building equipped with energy efficient heating, cooling and building application systems. There is an ice hockey rink with its own refrigeration system that consists of numerous compressors and pumps. The pumps for the refrigeration system are variable frequency drive (VFD) type that allow for fluctuation in discharge flow thus varying energy consumption depending on system demand. HVAC system is comprised of 15 fan coil unit through-out the building. There is a central heating and cooling pipe system. In floor heating system has been installed at various portions of the building. Hot domestic hot water piping is supplied by gas fired high efficiency hot water tanks. All plumbing piping is thermally insulated. This building is also sprinklered, there is a dry pipe system for in ice rink area and wet pipe system everywhere else.


Four Refrigeration Compressor, fluid coolers, glycol flow pumps, Gas fired hot water tank, gas fired radiant heater, gas fired boilers, flow pumps,


Lighting at this facility is comprised of T8,T12,T5 and LED

3.2.21 Former Schomberg Arena Address 251 Western Ave, Schomberg, Ontario GFA 30,500 sq. ft. / 2833 sq. M Age of Facility 1963, 1975, 1978 Facility Description

This facility is primarily used as a community center, including ice rink.


Building consists of 3 parts, Main Arena, East wing and West wing. All 3 parts were constructed at different times. The main Arena is heated by gas fired infrared heaters, air circulation is provided by exhaust fan and louvers located at top end of main arena. East wing is heated by a gas fired furnace via ductwork system, no air conditioning is provided for ground floor. The second floor is conditioned by a rooftop unit. The west wing consists of change rooms and they are heated by a gas fired furnace and gas fired infrared heaters. Exhaust fans have been installed to improve air circulation. The west wing is not air conditioned. This building also consists of gas fired and electrical hot water heaters. Ice melting is by four gas fired water heaters.


Four Refrigeration Compressor, fluid coolers, glycol flow pumps, Gas fired hot water tank, gas fired radiant heater, gas fired boilers, flow pumps,


Lighting at this facility is comprised of metal halide high bay luminaries, and low efficiency T12 fluorescent lamps.



4.0 Energy Analysis 4.1 Hydro

Most of the municipal buildings are very small in size and thus have low electricity consumption. The buildings with larger floor area can be identified from clearly on the graph. Trisan Centre being the newest and largest building, electricity consumption is very high even though the design is fairly up to date and energy efficient. Some of the small buildings are electrically heated along with electrical hot water tank even though gas service is available to the building. In all cases, electrical energy should be replaced with natural gas wherever possible.



4.2 Natural Gas

Gas consumption data for 2011 provided appears to be closely in line with 2012 gas consumption based on utilities bills provided by King Township. Nobleton Arena gas consumption appears to be anomaly; the gas data provided may not be correct reflection of site conditions. In the larger buildings the gas consumption appears to have been reduced, this may be result of milder winter and energy efficient equipment upgrade. Year 2012 should be used as a baseline moving forward.



4.3 Greenhouse Gases

Trisan Centre emits the more greenhouse gas (GHG) than any other buildings, it equals to 40% of total GHG emitted by all King Township buildings combined. Trisan Centre is the largest building owned and operated by the town, the total area is 6317 square meters, because of the hockey rink and the associated refrigeration system, the building emits 354 kg of CO2 per square meter, compared to the average 193 kg (C02)/sq.m. Existing building operation schedules should be thoroughly reviewed and efficiencies sought. Overall all building GHG emissions have increased from previous year. It recommended that year 2011 data should be abandoned and 2012 be used as the baseline year.



4.4 Total Energy Consumption

It appears that more gas energy than electrical was consumed in 2011, the data is not based on actual utilities bills reviewed by consultant. Year 2012 is more accurate representation based on utilities bills collected. Electrical energy is equaled to 71% of total energy consumed in 2012. Electrical energy is used in more application from lighting, heating to refrigeration systems, where gas energy is mainly used for mechanical and hot water heating. It is recommended that gas energy be used in all application where possible. The average operating cost of equivalent gas energy is only $0.011/kwh compared to $0.06/kwh for electrical energy. The cost savings would be substantial and the money can be re-invested in energy conservation opportunities. Once again 2012 should be taken as the baseline year for all subsequent years.



5.0 Baseline Summary

Year 2012 Energy Data

Gas Total Consumption (M3) 191,496

Gas Total Cost ($) $ 21,428.46

Gas Avg Consumption (m3/sq.m) 7.78

Gas Avg Cost ($/sq.m) $0.87

Gas Unitary Cost ($/M3) $0.11

Gas Total Energy (kwh) 1,978,154

Gas energy unitary cost $/Kwh $0.01

Elec Total Consumption (Kwh) 6,116,540

Elec Total Cost ($) $ 406,663.14 Elec Avg Consumption

(kwh/sq.m) 248.60

Elec Avg Cost per area($/sq.m) 16.53

Elec Unitary Cost ($/kwh) 0.07

Total Energy (Gas + Elec) Kwh 8,094,694 Greenhouse Gas Total (Kg of

CO2) 1,713,193

GHG Avg (KG of CO2/Sq.m) 78 Year 2012 data can be used as the baseline year for all energy comparison and analysis moving forward. The data collected is based on utlities bills and thorough field verification. The yellow 3 electrical energy consumption and associated cost. The blue highlighted is the total equivalent energy consumed, this is gas energy converted to Kwh’s and added to electrical energy. The red highlited area represents the Greenhouse gases emitted. This unitary breakdown has been completed for each building and can be used to verify all energy conservation progresses.



6.0 Energy Conservation and Management Many of the Township’s existing facilities are over 25 to 30 years of age. Some of the buildings are located in remote areas where utility services are not available.

There are buildings/facilities that have no natural gas services and therefore all heating is provided by electrical systems. Some of the buildings/facilities that do have natural gas services have very inefficient systems to heat and cool existing spaces. With ever changing technological advancements and public mindset to be energy conscious, mechanical and electrical equipment have significantly improved in efficiency over the last 20 years. Staff, in conjunction with Bold Engineering and incorporating feedback from Council, Sustainability Committee members and residents has established goals and recommendations for the municipality to strive towards in relations to Energy Conservation and Management during the five years of the plan. 6.1. GOALS

1. Reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gases by 2% annually

2. Reduce municipal spending on energy annually

These are achievable goals based on current building conditions. The proposed reduction is a self-fulfilling undertaking, the initial cost savings from reduced energy consumption can be re-invested into further reduction and thus greater energy cost savings. The changes will help King Township be a more efficient and environmentally friendly municipality as well as a role model for its residents. Recommendations: The following are recommendations to assist in achieving the established goals. Where applicable, specific recommendations are summarized in a chart at the end of this section according to each facility. Infrastructure Improvements

6.1.1 Replace Furnace:

Replace existing furnace with a new high efficiency unit. New direct vented high efficiency furnaces are up to 95% efficient. The newer units are supplied with two-stage heating and come with an electronic commutated motor (ECM) that allows for multi-stage air volume (MSAV). This significantly reduces energy cost by up to 50%. This also allows for better comfort control and quieter unit. Two stages heating allows unit to operate a lower input BTUH for incident low heat is required. High efficiency units range in price from $1,500 to $3,500 and additional $2,000 for installation.



6.1.2 Condenser (A/C) unit replacement:

It is possible to just replace the existing A/C condensing unit without replacing the furnace. A newer energy efficient unit will significantly reduce energy consumption in summer time. Cost of condensing unit ranges between $1,300 up to $4,000 depending on size of unit. The installation cost is very minimal.

6.1.3 Implementing HRV: Add a heat recovery ventilation unit (HRV) to existing systems where furnaces are installed. The HRV’s will significantly improve indoor air quality by adding fresh air to supply air mixture. HRV units have a heat exchanger that recovers energy from exhaust air from building. HRV have efficiency up to 75%, basically it can recover up to 75% of the energy from the exhaust air and transfer it to new fresh air entering the building. HRV for small building can provide up to 400 CFM and can be purchased for less than $1000 and very simple to implement. The heat recovery strategies should be assessed using life-cycle analyses. All components of the strategy must be taken into account, including the negative aspects, such as adding fan static pressure and therefore, using more fan energy when heat wheel or heat pipe strategies are considered.

6.1.4 Replace RTU: Replace existing rooftop unit (RTU) with a new high efficiency with economizer. Economizer is set of dampers that adjust the return, exhaust and outside air volume and allow for free heating and cooling during shoulder seasons. New RTUs are capable multi-stage heating and cooling, this will substantially reduce the gas consumption and reduce electricity cost in cooling season. Two stage scroll compressor which allow the unit to delivery just the necessary amount of cooling needed to meet the space’s demand. Newer units are available in variable heat output option for a specific size unit while maintaining specific cooling requirement. This allows substantial reduction in gas consumption. MERV 13 filters are available option that improve air quality and will provide LEED credits. All new units are charged with non-chlorine base R410A refrigerant. The condenser unit fans are equipped with ECM motor and the supply air fan with variable frequency drive (VFD) to allow for modulation. Units are also available in belt or direct drive operation. Some RTU manufacturer provide solar energy power connection, this is beneficial where there are existing or proposed solar panels. RTU will monitor and by-pass energy from solar panel to grid when unit is not in use. Lennox RTUs have the option of being equipped with solar panels.



Newer units are also more effective at humidity control. The high efficiency units can range in price from $3,000 up to $15,000 for units ranging in size from 2 ton up to 10 tons. There is substantial installation cost associated mainly due to craning required to get the unit on the roof for most application.

6.1.5 Ductwork Repair & Replacement:

Overtime existing ductwork is damaged and joint seals are compromised causing energy loss in void spaces. Regular pressure testing should be conducted and leaks identified. Damaged ductwork to be repaired and replaced with new.

6.1.6 Motor Replacement:

It is possible to replace existing motors with new ECM motors on supply and condenser fans. Modulating fans can reduce energy consumption. This is a fairly inexpensive undertaking and can be done under $500 for most cases.

6.1.7 Control Installations / Modifications / Upgrades:

Implementing building control systems will improve energy efficiency. It will allow the facility management team to track and monitor unit operations. Controls systems can range from simple 24 hour timers and programmable thermostats to complete building automation systems. Existing furnaces should be connected to a programmable thermostat. Existing electric baseboard heaters should be on 24 hour timers. Larger buildings with multiple systems should be connected to a building automation system (BAS). Specific set points should be set according to seasons. The cost of building control system of directly increase with the complexity of the system.

6.1.8 Speciality Equipment Replacement:

There are few buildings that include speciality HVAC equipment such as commercial kitchen exhaust systems complete with make-up air units. The existing exhaust and make-up air systems noted are very simple and serve their intended purpose. The exhaust systems can be revised to minimize ductwork and size of exhaust fan. NFPA kitchen exhaust requirements have been revised to allow reduced exhaust air velocity from 1800 FPM (feet per min) to down to 450 FPM. This can reduce static pressure in ductwork and decrease the sizes of fan motors. Existing make-up air unit supply air is equipped with electric duct heater should be replaced with hydronic heating or gas heating system where possible.



6.1.9 Solar Panel Installation:

Solar panels can be used to produce electricity. There are several programs that are available through the OPA from Net Metering to FIT. These options have varied significantly over time. Where a solar installation is considered, it is recommended that a dedicated feasibility study be performed to verify the cost / benefit and payback of any proposed solar panel system. Thermal solar panels can be utilized supplement hot water tanks. Costs for solar panel installations vary greatly depending on the size of the system, the complexity, and the feasibility of installation at existing facilities. Payback programs vary greatly as well and are not always available for application.

6.1.10 Lighting Retrofit:

Replace all existing incandescent light bulbs with new fluorescent or LED light bulbs. Replace existing T12 lights with T5’s. Install occupancy sensor light controls, the associated cost is approximately $100 per light fixture. All exterior lights can be replaced with LED lighting on a photo sensor or timers, the associated cost is approximately $250 per fixture.

6.1.11 Building Envelope Improvements:

Existing buildings / facilities with low insulation levels can be renovated to increase wall and roof R values. Typically new structures have a minimum R value of 20. Some of the Township’s building / facilities have R values of less than 5. Improving the building envelop, wall and roof insulation will significantly reduce energy consumption. It is a fairly expensive undertaking that may require the building to be out of service for an extended period of time, however from an Energy Improvement standpoint, improving the envelope of a building can yield very high energy savings. Improving building insulation level can reduce energy consumption by up 37%. Buildings with greater cooling load than heating can be retrofitted with white roofs. This is only possible for buildings with flat roofs. All wall and window openings should be sealed to eliminate air infiltration. Existing windows can be replaced with new low–E windows that minimize sunrays heat.



6.1.12 Boiler Replacement:

Replace the existing standard efficiency boilers with new high efficiency condensing boilers. Existing boilers are around 75% efficient. Newer boilers can be up to 96% efficient. Boiler price points start around $35,000 and increase depending on the output capacity. Along with boilers, associated pumps should also be updated where necessary. Typically there is a 10% energy savings from replacing standard efficiency boilers to high efficiency condensing boilers.

6.1.13 Pump Replacement:

Existing standard direct drive pumps can be replaced with VFD pumps. Modulating flow can reduce pump energy consumption along with associated system energy saving by reducing the volume of hot water and size of boiler.

6.1.14 Hot Water Tank Replacement:

Replace existing atmospheric hot water tanks with new direct vented high efficiency tanks. New hot water tank are up to 95% efficient. All electric hot water tanks in existing buildings with natural gas supply should be replaced with gas fired units. Buildings with sporadic or minimal hot water requirements should consider installing instantaneous gas heaters. This will significantly reduce energy consumption. Hot water will only be supplied on demand. These systems incorporate stored hot water that is repeatedly heated. Buildings with no gas supply should also implement instantaneous electric hot water heaters for the same reasons as noted above. Buildings with hot water recirculation loops should be interlocked to BAS controls to turn off recirculation pumps during unoccupied times.

6.1.15 Clean & Filter Replacement:

Existing air handling units should be cleaned regularly and dirty filters replaced with new. Dirty filters reduce air flow and increase duct static pressure and diminish the overall capacity of the unit. Clean units and filters also improve the air quality within the building / facility. This is a very inexpensive task, and has minimal energy savings but provides significant air quality improvement.



6.1.16 Demand Control Ventilation:

High occupancy buildings with packaged air handling units and or make-up air units should incorporate demand control ventilation; consider carbon dioxide (CO2) sensors in all spaces that have infrequent occupancy. Air handling units can be set to low and high occupancy level using a manual switch and variable frequency drives (VFD). Demand control ventilation adds minimal first cost and often provides payback within two years. There is added initial cost associated with the sensors and additional controls.

6.1.17 Night Precooling

Night precooling is process where cold air circulated within building during the unoccupied nighttime hour with intent of cooling the structure. During the early occupied time, the structure is then able to serve as a heat sink, reducing mechanical cooling load. This process utilizes thermal storage capacity of the building, thus smoothing out load curve for the building and potentially reducing energy consumption. There are two types of nigh precooling, one is called night ventilation precooling that involves circulation of outdoor into building during the nights naturally cooler air. This will significantly improve indoor air quality through cleansing effect for regular occupied mode. The second method is mechanical precooling which utilizes air handling unit cooling system during nighttime hours to a temperature set point typically lower than daytime occupied mode. Significant energy savings can be derived from the off-peak electric utility rate, the lower overall costs results from load shifting from day to nighttime utility rates. During the shoulder seasons with lower ambient temperature the energy savings are more significant. Added humidity level can be eliminated using mechanical ventilations. A proper building analyses of the dynamics of the building thermal per

6.1.18 Combo System

Most of the smaller buildings are perfect for combo heating system which comprises of a hot water heating unit used to provide domestic hot water and heating for the building. A single gas fired hot water tank with efficiency up to 98% can supply hot water at two different temperature, one for domestic use and other for hot water coil in the air handling unit. This system is very flexible to various building types and heating and cooling requirements. This is also the most space efficient system. In most cases, the air handling unit can be small enough to hang from ceiling. The hot water heater can be instantaneous type, eliminating floor space requirements. Both water heater and air handling unit can be installed within30”x30” closet. This system is not limited to building with natural gas connection, electrical hot water tank be used as well. The system is easy to maintain and equipment cost is equal to or less than typical furnace and hot water tank installation. The installation can sometimes be tricky, a experiences installation contractor is a must.



Infrastructure Improvement Recommendations Summary:

The chart below represents the key recommendations to existing systems.

No. Building Recommendations

1 King City Arena 1,2,3,5,7,9,10,11,15,16,18

2 King City Senior Centre 5,6,7,9,10,11,15,16,18

3 King Township Municipal Offices 4,5,7,9,10,14,15,16,18

4 King City Fire Hall 5,7,9,10,15,16,18

5 King City Library 5,9,10,11,14,15,16,18

6 King Township Museum 3,4,7,9,10,11,14,15,16,18

7 Nobleton Fire Hall 3,5,6,9,10,1415,16,18

8 Nobleton Library 6,9,10,11,15,16,18

9 Nobleton Community Hall 3,5,6,8,9,10,11,15,16,18

10 Nobleton Arena 1,2,4,5,6,7,9,10,13,14,15,16,18

11 Laskay Hall 7,9,10,11,18

12 Nobleton Outdoor Pool 7,9,10,11,14,18

13

Cold Creek Conservation Area Facilities 1,2,3,5,7,9,10,11,18

14 Schomberg Library 4,6,7,9,10,14,15,16,18

15 Schomberg Community Hall 1,2,3,5,7,9,10,11,14,15,16,18

16 Schomberg Fire Hall 7,8,9,10,15,16,18

17 Kettleby-Pottageville Lions Hall 7,8,9,10,15,16,18

18 Pottageville Pavilion 7,9,10,11,14,18

19 Ansnorveldt Library 1,2,6,7,10,14,15,18

20 Trisan Centre 9,10,15,16,17,18 *all of the recommendation number are proceeded with a 6.1.



Administrative/Operational Improvements 6.1.19 Staff Training & Buy-In:

All operational staff members and frequent facility occupants should be trained / educated on energy consumption and conservation. Staff should be informed about the environmental impact of energy consumption, trained on the energy conservation action plans, and provided with information and training in relation to their daily activities. Good house-keeping training such as keeping windows and doors closed when heating and cooling is on can help to improve energy savings. Maintain consistent thermostat settings to reasonable temperatures adequate for indoor comfort. Turn off all unnecessary lights where automatic lighting controls are not available.

6.1.20 Preventative Maintenance Program:

Building off of the identified infrastructure improvements, develop a formal preventative maintenance program in conjunction with an overall corporate asset management plan. Cleary identify timelines for optimal operation of equipment and schedule replacements accordingly.

6.1.21 Data Tracking and Analysis:

Regularly track, monitor and analyse energy consumption in facilities to identify consumption, irregularities and take corrective action in a timely manner.

6.1.22 Develop operational efficiencies:

Investigate options for operational efficiencies through staff duty reorganization, alignment with priorities, tracking energy consumption data, installing computerized monitoring and energy access hardware/software.

6.1.23 Annual Investment in Energy Management and Conservation:

Strategically invest annual funding in energy conservation and management and target larger energy users first to increase the opportunities for consumption and cost reductions. Re-invest cost savings into future facility maintenance and energy conservation requirements.



6.3 Energy Savings Substantial energy savings can be gained through equipment replacement and in some cases just by replacing the motor for existing equipment. More energy saving is possible electrical equipment than gas fired. In many cases, existing electrical powered equipment can be replaced with gas fired. The operation cost of gas fired equipment is substantially lower than electricity. The initial purchase and install cost of equivalent gas fired equipment is higher but cost offset payback can be achieved within 2 years for most items. All electrical heating equipment such as baseboard heater, and furnaces should be replaced with gas fired furnaces and hot water heating wherever possible. This would substantially reduce energy cost and cut down on GHG emissions. 6.3.1 Air conditioning

Air conditioning units can provide substantial savings, the chart below represents energy savings to be gained from replacing an old unit with a new unit that has higher Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER).

6.3.2 Heating



The graphic below represents cost savings to be gained by changing 80% efficiency furnace unit with 98% type. There is substantial energy conservation. Unit efficiency combined with changes to existing system can lead to noticeable reductions in GHG emissions. Energy costs are projected to go up subsequently all operating costs will increase proportionally. New energy efficient furnace can also save on electrical energy consumption because the come equipped with electrically commutated motor (ECM) that allow modulation in air flow volume. Newer rooftop units with multi-stage heating and economizer system can substantially reduce greenhouse gas emission.



6.3.3 Lighting

Lighting system consumes most energy in a typical building. Change to high efficiency lights and system should be on top of the improvement list. New LED lights are very energy efficient and have a longer life span. On average LED light can operate for 50,000 hours, compared to 1200 hours for incandescent and 8000 hours for fluorescents (CFLs), a typical incandescent light bulbs uses 60 watts, and a fluorescent uses 13-15 watts and LED only uses 6-8 watts. LED lights use only one tenth of the power that incandescent use and there for one tenth of the cost. LED lights contain no toxic gas such as mercury, compact fluorescents (CFLs) do contain mercury and is harmful to the environment. LED lights are more durable, they are not sensitive to climate conditions and humidity levels. There is no on/off cycling effect to LED lights, Incandescent and fluorescents are affected and lifespan is reduce, significantly more with CFL’s. The light output is 10 times higher for the same wattage input for LED compared to incandescent lights.

7.0 SUMMARY An engineering review was conducted along with compilation of utility bills for 20 of existing facilities for King Township. Existing structure and equipment physical condition varied from building to building. All buildings have electricity connection, and most have natural gas connection for heating. Existing heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are fairly outdated with exception of Trisan arena. Many of the building have electric heating via electric baseboard heaters and electric furnace. Recommendations would be replace units with natural gas fired or propane units where natural gas is not supplied. Natural gas energy is one sixth the cost of hydro to operate. The cost savings can be re-invested in additional energy savings. Smaller buildings should incorporate combo heating system where hot water heaters provide domestic hot water and building heat. Building lights consume the most energy so naturally lightings system ought to be the most efficient. Replacing existing incandescent lights with LED lights and incorporating occupancy sensors and incorporating solar panels would significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Energy graphs representing electricity, and gas consumptions and greenhouse gas emission have been presented, a comparison between year 2011 and 2012 indicate increase in energy consumption. Data provided for review 2011 is incomplete; year 2012 should be used as the baseline for all initiatives moving forward.

energy conservation & management plan (2014) … · education centre and/or visitor centre if...

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