energy efficient solar solutions for developing countries

TLA international Energy Conference 2016

Uninterrupted Efficient Energy Solutions through Solar For

Urban Office Building And Cold Storage Applications

www.statconenergiaa.com MANOJ PANDE

ABOUT US

SOLAR

POWER

RAILWAYS

DEFENSE

Manufacturing Facility of 1,24,000 square feet Near Noida ( Pilkhua ) with >200 personnel currently working for the company .

Office Address: B-81 Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh

www.statconenergiaa.com

•Erratic Supply and poor quality of Grid

•Ever increasing cost of diesel and maintenance of Diesel Generator Sets

•DG Set running at less than 30% rated capacity causing a decrease in its life

•Loss of productivity among employees

•A sun exposed terrace causes extra strain on the Air conditioners

•Frequent power cuts of 10 minutes to 4 Hours

•Increasing cost of electricity with Time-Of-Day (TOD)

•Very High fixed charges bringing the electricity bill to > ₹ 9.50 Per Unit ($ 0.14 per

unit)

•Typically the peak load does not end at 4 pm and electricity charges can be as high as

15-20% in this TOD of 5pm- 10pm regime.

Present Scenario of Electricity in India

THE PROBLEM

A very common pattern across all developing countries exists where : a) The electricity is available daily for 12-18 hrs per day b) the electricity fails/interrupts 4-5 times per day and the duration may differ from

5 minutes to 4 hours

To cater for such unplanned and unpredictable failures almost all users do the following:

1. Run a higher rating DG Set at a power varying between 30% to 75% of its rated capacity, and

2. Keep free running of their DG Set for 2 minutes before switching off the DG Set.

THE PROBLEM

This results in : 1. Very High electricity bills owing to the higher rates of electricity 2. Ever rising cost of diesel adds to the increased bill

On all such interruptions there is at least 20-30 seconds of blackouts. While 1st one results into cost/unit being directly proportional to the percentage of loading, the 2nd one results in a situation of burning fuel at 0% load for 2 minutes every time the grid resumes.

Looking at the energy deficient scenario of our country , where everyone is forced to use diesel generator ( DG Set) as backup source of energy. An obvious quick fix solution through renewable energy sources to be driven by: a) through Government subsidy or b) Actual business models based on the usefulness and not mere investment opportunity.

THE PROBLEM

THE SOLUTION

Battery Based Solar Solutions for Uninterrupted Energy

1. Can Draw upon the power whenever required 2. Lead Acid Batteries can last long up to 6-10 years if treated properly 3. Almost Zero Pollution 4. Hybrid Inverters can export to the grid during lean load periods and

bring down the payback period 5. No loss of productivity as the Battery + Inverter acts as a UPS 6. Best possible solution for developing countries 7. Grid Tie inverters unsuitable due to their ineffectiveness against

frequent power outages

THE SOLUTION: CASE STUDY

SOLAR SOLUTIONS FOR URBAN OFFICES

LOADS AND SYSTEM DETAILS

System Details: •PV Panels: 30KWp

•Inverter: 100 KWp •Type of Inverter System: HYBRID Grid Synchronised (ON GRID /OFF GRID) •Battery Capacity: 240V/ 300Ah

67% 6%

10%

17%

Distribution of loads

Air conditioners Light Loads

Computers Misc

Load Details: •Air Conditioners: Cassette + Split Type

•Computers •LED Lights •Television •Refrigerators •Coffee Machines •Fans • Water Pump

•Misc. Load Total Peak Load = 45 KWp

SPV present, Grid available. Battery Charged through MPPT charger + mains, Load supplied through Grid.

P1

P2 P3

P = (P2+P3)

Hybrid Solar Power System

Condition # 1

GRID

INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL

CHARGING AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

SPV available, Grid available, Battery almost charged, surplus PV power used for AC loads connected.

P1

P2 P3

P = (P2+P3)-P1

GRID

INTERLOCK

Saving of electricity bills.

DG SET OPTIONAL

Condition # 2

Trickle Charging


AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

P3

P1

P2

P = P1-(P2+P3)

SPV available, Grid available, Battery almost charged, ZERO or very Little load: EXCESS POWER TO GRID

Pays You Back!

Condition # 3

CHARGED

Trickle charging


GRID


AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

P1

P2 P3

SPV available, Grid unavailable, Battery almost charged, surplus PV power+ Battery used for AC loads (priority) connected.

Condition # 4

DISCHARGING


GRID


AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

Low PV available (or absent) Grid absent. AC Load (priority) Supplied through stored battery energy

P1=P2

P2 P3=0

P =0

Condition # 5

DISCHARGING


GRID


AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

SPV not available. Grid available, Battery charging through grid, Load supplied through Grid Optional Time based grid charging of battery also available

P1

P2 P3

P= (P2+P3)+P1

Condition # 6

CHARGING


GRID


CHARGING AC LOADS (Priority)

AC LOADS (Others)

Condition # 7 SPV not available. Grid not available, Battery charging through DG SET, Load supplied through DG SET.

AC LOADS (Priority)

P1

AC LOADS (Others)

P2 P3

P= (P2+P3)+P1


GRID


CHARGING

REMOTE MONITORING

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

• Initial Investment: PV Panels: 250×120= 30KW= 12,42,400 ₹

Inverter: 100kVA= 10,00,000 ₹

Batteries: 2Vx120 /300Ah = 6,80,000 ₹

Mounting structure= 1,80,000 ₹

AJB=8,000 ₹

Wires=50,000 ₹

Installation and commissioning= 1,00,000 ₹

TOTAL= 22,60,000 ₹

• Savings & Payback Period Per unit cost of electricity= 9.86 ₹

Per unit cost of DG, electricity=22.83 ₹

(Note: we are considering 70% from electricity and 30% from DG for per unit cost) Total energy generated by solar per year (units) = 46530 units or KWH

Total savings per year ( in rupees) = 6,32,436 ₹

PAYBACK PERIOD

Payback period = 5.5 years

ACTUAL SITE PHOTOS

Details Of Solar Cold Storage Location : ETAWAH | U.P. | India

Months : Feb to Oct

PV capacity selected - 140 KWp

Battery - 700AH/500V Lead Acid,

Inverters : Hybrid (can also be used as Grid export)

* VFD 1 : 120 hp

* VFD 2 : 20 hp

* VFD 3 : 10 hp

• Cold storage is a well known term which means a huge storing area for vegetables/fruits ,Chocolates/ drugs etc. can be stored at a lower temperature in a controlled environment for preservation of its qualities / flavor etc. • So it does not need rocket science to understand the working of a cold storage.

• Typically a cold storage uses big compressor motor , water pump motor , blower motor, lights, fans and electricity for utility services.

WHAT IS A COLD STORAGE?

In India we have generally three categories of cold storages

Type 1 : Urban/Cities areas with 24 hrs electric supply . 10-15% Type 2: Areas with 16-18 hrs of Grid supply & 4-6 interruptions/ day. 50-65% Type 3: Areas with 12-14 hrs of Grid supply & 4-6 interruptions/ day. 20-30%

COLD STORAGE COSTS

ELECTRICITY BILL BREAKDOWN IN COLD STORAGES

GRID

DIESEL

MAINTENANCE

SALARIES

MISC

FIXED CHARGES

Solar Power System for Cold Storage

DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY

AC changeover panel

PV

Condition # 1 PV Present , Grid available, Battery charging + Motor & load requirement shared by both but with PV as priority

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGING

COMPRESSOR 120HP

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL

BLOWERS 5X3 HP LIGHT & FANS LOAD

P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 2 PV Present, Grid unavailable. Battery charging + Motor & load requirement met by PV with as Battery as buffer.

PV

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGING

COMPRESSOR 120HP

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL


P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 3 PV present, Grid un-available. Battery charging + Motors load requirement met by PV. With temperature achieved by compressor

working in Energy saving mode.

PV

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGING

COMPRESSOR 120HP

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL


P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 4 PV present, Grid available. Battery charged & Motors load requirement is met by PV. With temperature achieved ,compressor works

in Energy saving mode.

EXCESS POWER EXPORT TO GRID!!

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGED

COMPRESSOR 120HP

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL


P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 5 PV & Grid un-available. Battery charging + Motors load requirement me by Battery only. With temperature achieved compressor working in Energy saving mode.

TEMPERATURE PROBE

DISCHARGING

COMPRESSOR 120HP

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL


P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 6 PV & Grid un-available. Battery loosing 30% capacity. DG1 starts supplying Battery + Motors load requirements.DG1 running at 90% Load. Better DG set utilization

TEMPERATURE PROBE

DISCHARGING

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

COMPRESSOR 120HP

VFD 2 10HP

~

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL

BLOWERS 5X3 HP

SINE WAVE INV.

~ LIGHT & FANS

LOAD

P L C


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 7 PV & Grid un-available. Battery losing 50% capacity. DG2 starts supplying Battery + Motors load requirements. DG2 running at >60% Load. After approx 2 hrs , changeover to DG1 anticipated.

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGING

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 2 10HP

~

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL

BLOWERS 5X3 HP

SINE WAVE INV.

~ LIGHT & FANS

LOAD

P L C

COMPRESSOR 120HP


DG1(40KW)

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 8 Grid resumes. Battery charging + Motors load requirement met by Grid with Battery buffer .

COMPRESSOR 120HP

TEMPERATURE PROBE

CHARGING

GRID

DG2 (320KW)

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL


P L C

VFD 2 10HP

~

SINE WAVE INV.

~


DG1(40KW)

GRID

MPPT CHARGER

MAIN CHARGER

C1

C2

BATTERY


Condition # 10 OFF SEASON PV Present , Grid available . PV Power EXPORT to Grid under Net-Metering .

DG2 (320KW)

COMPRESSOR 120HP

VFD 2 10HP

~

VFD 3 20HP

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

VFD 1 120HP

~ PUMP 1X10HP

VFD PANEL

BLOWERS 5X3 HP

SINE WAVE INV.

~ LIGHT & FANS

LOAD

TEMPERATURE PROBE P L C

REAL TIME MONITORING OF DATA

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

TOTAL PV POWER BC POWER KW BATTERY POWER LOAD POWER KW

www.statconenergiaa.com PH: +91 120 2427310/11

EMAIL: [email protected]

energy efficient solar solutions for developing countries

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