energy the capacity to do some kind of work, such as moving an object, forming a new compound, or...
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Matter and Energy
EnergyThe capacity to do
some kind of work, such as moving an object, forming a new compound, or generating light.
Physical ChangeAffects only the
physical properties of matter.
E.g.-when ice melts or water turns to steam
Chemical ChangeOccurs whenever a
new substance is made
Like when the gases hydrogen and oxygen make water
Changes in MatterEvery change in
matter involves a change in energy.
Evaporation occurs when enough energy is absorbed by a liquid that it becomes a gas.
Endothermic reactionDescribes a process
in which heat is absorbed from the environment.
Example-like when alcohol evaporates and feels cool.
Exothermic reactionDescribes the
process in which a system releases heat into the environment.
For instance Thermacare pads
Law of Conservation of EnergyThe law that states
that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another.
Like photosynthesis-which changes light energy into sugar energy
HeatThe energy
transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.
Energy is always transferred from objects of higher temperatures.
Like when warm air touches your skin
Kinetic EnergyThe energy of an
object that is due to the object’s motion.
Like a car speeding down the highway.
TemperatureA measure of how
hot or how cold something is.
Can be measured by the Fahrenheit, Celsius or Kelvin scale.
Specific HeatThe quantity of heat
required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1g of a substance 1 degree Kelvin in a specified way given constant pressure and volume.
Expressed in joules per gram Kelvin (J/gK)
Scientific MethodThe procedures used
as a strategy for drawing sound or true conclusions.
A guideline for solving problems in science.
HypothesisA proposed
explanation for an observation
A reasonable and testable explanation for a problem or question
An educated guess
TheoryAny hypothesis that
withstands repeated testing
A well-tested explanation for an observation
LawA statement or
mathematical expression that reliably describes the cause of certain events in the natural world
Describes events