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Joschke Fischer Emphasizes supranational form of Union and especially advocates the idea of political union in the form of a European federation, and a common currency. He noted the necessity of such a transformation Union only on the basis of the legal constitution which will clearly define the relationship between EU institutions and national states as members. Speech is picked up many critics, especially in the direction of Great Britain, which in no way wishes to supranational character of the EU, while the speech is relatively positively received in the French high politics. (Posebno naglašava nadnacionalni oblik unije a pogotovo zagovara ideju političke unije u obliku europske federacije te zajedničke valute. Napomenuo je i nužnost takvog preoblikovanja unije samo na temelju pravnog ustava gdje će se jasno definirati odnosi EU institucija i nacionalnih država kao članica. Govor je pobrao mnoge kritike, pogotovo u smjeru Velike Britanije koja nipošto ne želi nadnacionalni karakter EU, dok je govor relativno pozitivno primljen u francuskoj visokoj politici) Declaration of the Future of the European Union (Deklaracija iz Leakena) The answer to the state in the Union with proposals for solutions. It was so called Laeken Declaration, which is based on the gap between citizens of the EU and its institutions. The Declaration contains a discussion of the objectives of the future, methods and precisely set deadlines for their realization. One of the new methods was the European Convention, whose task was to prepare proposals for institutional reform for the upcoming Intergovernmental Conference. In the first part of the Declaration, which bears the name of Europe at the crossroads, analyzes the history of the Union and the effects of the integration process, and in addition highlights the globalization framework and the necessity of approaching the Union to its citizens. In the second part, Challenges and Reforms in the restored Union, the

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Page 1: Engleski2

Joschke Fischer

Emphasizes supranational form of Union and especially advocates the idea of political union in the form of a European federation, and a common currency. He noted the necessity of such a transformation Union only on the basis of the legal constitution which will clearly define the relationship between EU institutions and national states as members. Speech is picked up many critics, especially in the direction of Great Britain, which in no way wishes to supranational character of the EU, while the speech is relatively positively received in the French high politics.

(Posebno naglašava nadnacionalni oblik unije a pogotovo zagovara ideju političke unije u obliku europske federacije te zajedničke valute. Napomenuo je i nužnost takvog preoblikovanja unije samo na temelju pravnog ustava gdje će se jasno definirati odnosi EU institucija i nacionalnih država kao članica. Govor je pobrao mnoge kritike, pogotovo u smjeru Velike Britanije koja nipošto ne želi nadnacionalni karakter EU, dok je govor relativno pozitivno primljen u francuskoj visokoj politici)

Declaration of the Future of the European Union (Deklaracija iz Leakena)

The answer to the state in the Union with proposals for solutions. It was so called Laeken Declaration, which is based on the gap between citizens of the EU and its institutions. The Declaration contains a discussion of the objectives of the future, methods and precisely set deadlines for their realization. One of the new methods was the European Convention, whose task was to prepare proposals for institutional reform for the upcoming Intergovernmental Conference. In the first part of the Declaration, which bears the name of Europe at the crossroads, analyzes the history of the Union and the effects of the integration process, and in addition highlights the globalization framework and the necessity of approaching the Union to its citizens. In the second part, Challenges and Reforms in the restored Union, the starting point was that the Union must become more democratic and transparent operation of its institutions and effective, with the need to regulate relationships and responsibilities of the Member States and EU institutions. The third part of the Declaration of Laeken analyzes issues associated with the work of the Convention.

(Odgovor na stanje u Uniji s prijedlozima rješenja. Bila je to tvz. Deklaracija iz Leakena, koja polazi od jaza između građanina EU i njezinih institucija. Deklaracija sadržava definirane ciljeve rasprave o budućnosti, metode i precizno utvrđene rokove za njihovu realizaciju. Jedna od novih metoda rada bila je Europska Konvencija, čiji je zadatak bio pripremiti prijedloge institucionalne reforme za nadolazeću Međuvladinu konferenciju. U prvom dijelu Deklaracije, koji nosi naziv Europa na raskrižju, analizira se povijest Unije te učinci procesa integracije, a pored toga naglašava se globalizacijski okvir te nužnost približavanja Unije njezinim građanima. U drugom dijelu, Izazovi i reforme u obnovljenoj Uniji, polazno je stajalište bilo to da Unija mora postati demokratskija, a rad njezinih institucija transparentan i učinkovit, uz potrebu da se urede odnosi i nadležnosti država članica i institucija EU. U trećem dijelu Deklaracije iz Leakena analiziraju se pitanja povezana s radom Konvencije. )

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Convention on the Future of Europe (metoda konvencije)

The Convention should serve as a method for making changes in the basic agreement of the Union, such as it being a relatively new method. Using this method and the acceptance of the Declaration of Laeken European Council sought to involve the public in the debate on the future of Europe. One of the main directions in which the Convention wanted to go was to request simplification of the basic contract. A major focus being on the importance of establishing the Forum. Through this body, civil institutions were able to publish their views and proposals regarding certain issues from the work of the Convention. Convention participants shared a triple membership - institutional, national and party.

(Konvencija je trebala poslužiti kao metoda za pripremanje promjena temeljnih ugovora Unije, kao takva ona biva relativno nova metoda. Korištenjem ove metode i prihvaćanjem Deklaracije iz Leakena Europsko je vijeće nastojalo uključiti javnost u raspravu o budućnosti Europe. Jedan od glavnih smjerova u kojima je Konvencija htjela ići je zahtjev za pojednostavljenjem temeljnih ugovora. Veliki naglasak biva na važnost uvođenja Foruma. Kroz to su tijelo civilne institucije mogle objavljivati svoje stavove i prijedloge glede pojedinih pitanja iz rada Konvencije. Sudionici konvencije dijelili su trostruku pripadnost – institucionalnu, nacionalnu i stranačku.)

Europska politička elita i Lisabonski ugovor

The elite has reached an agreement that the content of the European Constitution translate into a contract and to expel it from any constitutional characteristics in order to avoid a referendum on ratification. The draft Reform Treaty was made away from the public eye (as opposed to the European Constitution) so the Constitution would be poured into a contract to convince citizens that it is a different document. Lisbon Treaty would not be comprehensible to ordinary citizens unless they had agreements that amendments were changing before them. It was a continuation of the project to strengthen European integration without questioning the will of citizens. That is why Angela Merkl is for ejection from all elements of the reform agreement that Union citizens associated with the European super state.

(Elita je postigla dogovor da se sadržaj Europskog ustava pretoči u jedan ugovor i da se iz njega izbace sva ustavna obilježja kako bi se prilikom ratifikacije izbjegao referendum. Nacrt Reformskog ugovora rađen daleko od očiju javnosti (za razliku od Europskog ustava) kako bi se Ustav pretočio u ugovor a da se građane uvjeri da je to drugi dokument. Lisabonski ugovor neće bit razumljiv građanima osim ako pred sobom ima i Ugovore koje amandmanima mijenja. Bilo je to nastavljanje projekta jačanja europske integracije bez propitivanja volje građana. Zato se Angela Merkl zalaže za izbacivanje iz Reformnog ugovora svih elemenata koji bi građane Unije asocirali na europsku super državu.)

Europeam Council (Europsko vijeće)

It came ahead of the summit of European leaders in Paris 1974th. Upon entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon European Council became formal EU institution. The work of the European Council has played an important role in strengthening the process of European integration. It played a crucial role in the presentation and adoption of the Lisbon Treaty, the

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creation of monetary union. President of the European Council has the mandate of 30 months with possibility of reappointment. The European Council has no legislative function. It only determines the direction of political development of the Union and its most important tasks. The European Council shares with the European Commission (and European citizens) the right of political initiative. The European Council consists of the Heads of State or Government of Member States, together with its President and President of the Commission. EU High Representative for Foreign Policy and Security Policy, participates in its work. The European Council meets twice during every 6 months.

(Nastalo uoči summita europskih čelnika u Parizu 1974.. Stupanjem na snagu Lisabonskog ugovora Europsko vijeće je i formalno postalo europskom institucijom. Rad Europskog vijeća odigrao je važnu ulogu u jačanju procesa europske integracije. Odigralo je presudnu ulogu u predstavljanju i prihvaćanju Lisabonskog ugovora, stvaranju monetarne unije. Predsjednik Europskog vijeća ima mandat od 30 mjeseci s mogućnošću ponovnog izbora. Europsko vijeće nema zakonodavnu funkciju. Ono samo određuje smjer političkog razvoja Unije i njezine najvažnije zadaće. Europsko vijeće dijeli s Europskom komisijom (i europskim građanima) pravo političke inicijative. Europsko vijeće čine šefovi država ili vlada država članica, zajedno s njegovim predsjednikom i predsjednikom Komisije. Visoki predstavnik Unije za vanjsku politiku i sigurnosnu politiku sudjeluje u njegovom radu. Europsko vijeće sastaje se dva puta tijekom svakih 6 mjeseci.)

European Parliament (Europski parlament)

The European Parliament is the only EU institution whose members have been directly elected by the citizens of countries of the Union in the elections since 1979.. The EU parliament has no right of legislative initiative. Together with the Council of the European Union participates in the legislative process. Its role was strengthened by the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in three aspects: the legislative process, the process of adopting budgets, and the election process of the President of the European Commission. Parliament in accordance with the idea of European integration as a super-state is no longer composed of representatives of the people of the state community, but of representatives of EU citizens. EU Parliament and Council of the European Union are two legislative bodies of the European Union. Parliament has the possibility of indirect impacts on the Commission the adoption of a legally non-binding resolution, by pressuring the public through the media, etc. The Treaty of Lisbon, the dominant process in the process of legal acts of the Union became the regular legislative process. It consists in the joint adoption decrees, directives and decisions by the EU Parliament and Council, upon the recommendation of the commission.

(Europski je parlament jedina institucija Unije čije članove od 1979. neposredno biraju građani zemalja Unije na izborima. EU parlament nema pravo zakonodavne inicijative. Zajedno s Vijećem Europske Unije sudjeluje u zakonodavnom procesu. Njegova je uloga ojačana nakon stupanja na snagu Lisabonskog ugovora u tri aspekta: zakonodavnom postupku, postupku usvajanja proračuna i postupku izbora Predsjednika Europske komisije. Parlament se sukladno ideji europske integracije kao super države više ne sastoji od predstavnika naroda iz država zajednice, nego od predstavnika građana Unije. Eu parlament i Vijeće Europske unije dva su zakonodavna tijela Europske unije.

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Parlament ima mogućnost neizravnog utjecaja na Komisiju donošenjem pravno neobvezujućih rezolucija, pritiskom na javnost putem medija i sl. Ugovorom iz Lisabona dominantnim postupkom u procesu donošenja pravnih akata Unije postao je redovni zakonodavni postupak. Sastoji se u zajedničkom donošenju uredbi, direktiva i odluka od strane eu parlamenta i vijeća, a na prijedlog komisije.)

The European Commission (Europska komisija)

The Commission is a supranational institution that its members do not act on behalf of their countries rather than represent the interests of the whole Union, and advocate for them. In its structure it maintained one member from each member country. Commission is often referred to as guardian of the treaties, which in fact have the weight of the constitutional regulations of the Union. The European Commission is the EU institution which has an executive function. It is an institution independent of the national Union member states. It oversees the application of Union law under the supervision of the EU Court of Justice. The Commission has the right of legislative initiative for the adoption of legislation to the Council and European Parliament. An initiative of the Commission will take account of the images shared interests of all Member States and should not result in a privileged position of any country or interest group.

(Komisija je nadnacionalna institucija u kojoj njezini članovi ne djeluju u ime svojih zemalja nego prestavljaju interese čitave Unije i zalažu se za njih. U svojoj strukturi zadržala po jednog člana iz svake zemlje članice. Komisiju često nazivaju čuvarem ugovora, koji faktički imaju težinu ustavnih propisa Unije. Europska komisija institucija je EU koja ima izvršnu funkciju. Ona je institucija Unije neovisna o nacionalnim državama članicama. Nadgleda primjenu prava Unije pod nadzorom Suda pravde EU. Komisija ima pravo zakonodavne inicijative za donošenja akata Vijeću i Europskom parlamentu. Inicijativa Komisije mora voditi računa o zajdničkim interesima svih zemalja članica i ne smije dovesti u povlašteni položaj niti jednu državu ili interesnu skupinu.)

European court of justice (Sud pravde Europske unije)

Is the institution of the judicial authorities of the European Union. Judicial precedents did not only regulate the legal system, but it also influenced the political underlining of its own position by ensuring supremacy of European law over national law. It is responsible for the direct application of law, interpretation of its rules reviewing the legality of acts of the Council, Commission and European Central Bank, but cannot take the initiative for the procedure alone, but on the proposal of the states or European institutions. It consists of the Court of Justice, the General Court and specialized courts. To date only one has established a specialized court - civil service tribunal.

Institucija sudbene vlasti Europske unije. Sudskim presedanima nije uredio samo pravni poredak već je utjecao i politički učvrstivši vlastiti položaj jamčeći time prevlast europskog prava nad nacionalnim.Odgovoran je za izravnu primjenu prava, tumačenje njegovih normi. Preispituje i zakonitost akata Vijeća, Komisije i Europske središnje banke, no ne može preuzeti inicijativu za postupak samostalno već na prijedlog država ili europskih institucija. Sastoji se od Suda pravde,

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Općeg suda i specijaliziranih sudova. Do danas je osnovan samo jedan specijalizirani sud – Službenički sud.)

The European central Bank (Europska središnja banka)

Formed in 1998. The Lisbon Treaty the ECB became the official institutions of the Union. Only the ECB may allow printing Euros, is independent of the opinions of other institutions. The aim is to ensure price stability, and their annual increase to a maximum of 2%. Members of the Executive Committee are elected by the Council of the European Union.

(Formirana je 1998. Lisabonskim je ugovorom ECB postala službena institucija Unije. Samo ECB može dopustiti tiskanje eura, neovisna je o mišljenjima drugih institucija. Cilj je osiguravanje stabilnosti cijena, odnosno njihovo godišnje povećanje na maksimum od 2%. Članove izvršnog odbora bira Vijeće Europske unije.)

The Court of the Auditors (Revizorski sud)

Formed 1977th based in Luxembourg, the only treaty of Maastricht has become the fifth European Union institutions, received a new set of responsibilities: verifies the income and expenditure of all bodies, offices and agencies established by the Union if they do not because of the component instruments disabled. Its main task is to prevent financial fraud.

(Formiran 1977. sa sjedištem u Luksemburgu, tek je ugovorom iz Maastrichta postao peta institucija Europske unije, dobio je novi niz nadležnosti: provjerava račune prihoda i rashoda svih tijela, agencija i ureda koje je osnovala Unija ako im to zbog sastavnih instrumenata nije onemogućeno. Glavna mu je zadaća sprječavanje financijskih prijevara.)

The council of the European Union

The legislative institution that is organized on the model of inter-state organization. Since the beginning of the process of European integration to the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon suggestions for making politically important legal acts had to receive prior approval of the Council to be accepted. This Council has had a political role. The Council has always been composed of representatives of Member States who are in that institution wanted to achieve the goals that were important to their zemlje.Vijeće together with the European Parliament carries out legislative activities related to the budget. Acts to bring in regular and special legislative procedure. Majority decision rule becomes in the process of voting in the Council. Council decides by qualified and simple majority. The Lisbon Treaty introduces a system of double majority voting over.

(Zakonodavna institucija koja je organizirana na međudržavnom modelu ustroja. Od početka procesa europske integracije pa do stupanja na snagu Lisabonskog ugovora svi prijedlozi za donošenje politički važnih pravnih akata morali su dobiti prethodnu suglasnost Vijeća da bi bili prihvaćeni. Time je Vijeće imalo i političku ulogu. Vijeće je uvijek bilo sastavljeno od predstavnika država članica koji su u toj instituciji htjeli realizirati ciljeve koji su bili važni za njihove zemlje.Vijeće zajedno s Europskim parlamentom obavlja zakonodavnu djelatnost i djelatnosti vezane uz proračun. Akti se donose u redovnom i posebnom zakonodavnom postupku. Većinsko odlučivanje postaje pravilo u procesu

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glasovanja u Vijeću. Vijeće odlučuje kvalificiranom i običnom većinom. Lisabonski ugovor uvodi sustav dvostruke većine tijekom glasovanja.)