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GRAMMAR : PART OF SPEECHBY :MOHAMAD SOLEHUDDIN BIN MOHAMAD SIDEK

MOHD DZUL FADHLY BIN MASNIN@MUSNIN

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•Parts of speech describe the job a word does in a sentence.

•Parts of speech are the basic types of words that are used in English. All the words in English language must belong to one or the part of speech.

• It is important to recognize and identify the different types of words in English, so that we can understand grammar and use the right word form in the right place.

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PART OF SPEECH

NOUNS

PRONOUNS

ADJECTIVES

VERBS

ADVERBS

PREPOSITIONS

CONJUNCTIONS

INTERJECTIONS

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NOUNS

A noun is a word that names a person, place, a thing, or an idea.

Act as a the subject in a sentence

Examples :Idea : love, beautyPerson : uncle, Intan, Maliq, womanThing : bicycle, magazine, pencil, book

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VERBSA verb is a word that expresses action in a sentence or a state of being. 

Known as predicate of the sentence.

End in the suffix –ed, -ing, -s

Example :Show action (example: to run, jump,sleep,write)Show time (example: run/ran,go/went) State something (example: to be)Show number (example: was/ were)Show condition (example: It seems)

1. My classmates admired my new handphone.2. I gave Syazwan my magazine.

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ADJECTIVESAn adjective is a word that modifies a noun by limiting its meaning.

Descriptive words that most often describe nouns or pronouns.

Can describe other adjectives.

A lot of adjectives end in the suffix –ous

Example :Happy, big, purple, thin, beautiful.

1. I bought two shirts yesterday.2. Amir is shorter than me.

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ADVERBSAn adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific. 

Adverbs can come either before or after the verbs they are describing.

Adverbs typically end in the suffix –ly

Adverbs modify by answering the questions “when”, “where”, “how” and ‘how much.

Example : Slowly, quickly, awful, therefore, seriously.

1. He walked to his room quickly.2. This laksa tastes awful.3. Harith talked slowly over the phone.4. She often drinks coffee with milk.                         

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PRONOUNS

A pronoun is a word that can take the place of a noun.

Example : she, him, they, us, I, our, myself.

1. Who told you that?2. They met us at the park.3. Something is burning.

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Referring to persons or nouns :

• I, my, mine, me, myself• You, your, yours, yourself,

yourselves• He, his, him, himself• She, hers, her, herself• It, its itself• We, our, ours, us, ourselves• They, their, theirs, them, themselves• Who, whose, whom, whoever,

whomever• Everybody, anybody, somebody• Everyone, anyone, someone • None, no one, no body

Referring to nouns :

• This, one, each, some, any, all• That, either, neither, many,

more, much, most• These, other, another, what,

which• Those, both, several, few,

whatever, whichever

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PREPOSITIONSA preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence.Prepositions show where, time and place or give

direction.

Example :over, across, through, to, beside, beneath, into,

inside, during, since.

1. The bird flew over the barn.

2. The presents were placed under the tree.

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CONJUNCTIONS

A conjunction is a word that joins single words or groups of words.

Conjunctions join a phrases or clauses or words together in sentences, and are often separated by a comma

A semicolon can take the place of a comma and a conjunction

Example : and, but, yet, so, or, either, while, although.1. Matt and Tiss are running.2. They are planning and building a house.

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INTERJECTIONSAn interjection is a word or phrase that expresses

emotion or exclamation.

Do not need sentences to make sense.

Usually placed at the beginning of sentences and are followed by a punctuation mark.

Example : Ouch! Eww! Awe! Wow!

1. Eww. Those food look disgusting.

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POEM

Every name is called a noun, As field and fountain, street and town;In place of noun the pronoun standsAs he and she can clap their hands;The adjective describes a thing,As magic wand and bridal ring;The verb means action, something done -To read, to write, to jump, to run;How things are done, the adverbs tell,As quickly, slowly, badly, well;The preposition shows relation,As in the street, or at the station;Conjunctions join, in many ways,Sentences, words, or phrase and phrase;The interjection cries out, ‘Hark!I need an exclamation mark!‘Through poetry, we learn how eachOf these make up the parts of speech

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EXERCISES

Identify all the parts of speech in the following sentence:

1. Yesterday we went to the cinema because John had luckily received two free tickets.

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THANK YOU