English IParts of Speech Review Packet:

* prepositions *nouns

pronounsadjectives

verbs

Name__________________________________ ____________ Period/No._________

PrepositionsDefinition: A preposition is a word that ____________ the _____________________ between a ________ or __________ and another word in the _______________________. Every__________________________ must have an _________________.

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A ______________________ ________________ is the entire unit consisting of the_____________________, its ___________, and any modifiers.

Complete an index card listing the common prepositions. Write the definition on your review sheet.

Make sure you do not confuse ______________________ and __________________ when youuse the preposition ____. ____ plus a _______ is an infinitive (to eat, to dance). Prepositional phrases consist of ____ plus an object (to the store, to my uncle’s house).

Many words used as ______________________ can also be used as ____________. If the word is ____________________ by a noun or a pronoun, it is a___________ (in the house). If the word is not followed by a noun or pronoun, it is an _____________ (You may come in).Examples: I’ll arrive (within an hour). We can eat (on the patio) or (on the lawn). Five new houses have been sold (since Friday). All (of them) are (near the lake).The puppy came (into the tent) and slept (at the foot) (of my sleeping bag).I want to go (that’s an infinitive) (to the football game).

TIP for Spotting Prepositions:Prepositional phrase—They drove ___________________.Infinitive (not a prepositional phrase)—He wanted _________________.(This works most of the time, but not always)

Put each prepositional phrase in parentheses ( ). The first ten have the number of prepositional phrases in each sentence at the end.

1. Ask the woman at the desk for an application. (2)2. I waited outside the office for Pam. (2)3. Marta works at the mall after school. (2)4. The first competitor vaulted easily over the high bar. (1)5. By all means, talk with Gene about your plans. (3)6. During this season, Franklin pitched three no-hitters. (1)7. At first, the bite of a black widow spider may not even be noticed. (2)8. The figures on a totem pole have special significance to the tribe. (2)9. Walter jumped over the fallen halfback. (1)10. Don’t walk through that tunnel after dark. (2)11. The network heard nothing from its foreign correspondent for two weeks.12. During the storm, everyone except Dee stayed inside the bus shelter.13. Someone had been in that cellar before us.14. There is no one else like you in the world.15. Bright crepe paper was strung across the gym.16. There is a pit of quicksand near the dead tree.17. Since last week, Anthony has been under pressure.18. Meryl Streep walked off the stage with her award.19. With little trouble, the Cowboys broke through the Bears’ defense.20. For a month, that rusty old car has been parked in the alley.

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Try some more:21. The elephants lumbered toward the water hole.22. In the science classroom, there are many books on wildlife.23. The cross country team ran down the avenue and through the park.24. Music from the auditorium could be heard across the hall.25. I hope to see my friends at the dance on Saturday night. (careful!)26. Jim Gary makes sculptures of dinosaurs from old car parts.27. Did you walk past the cemetery on Halloween?28. Planes roared over the trees and the houses and into the night.29. You can’t park on the streets near Lincoln during school hours.30. Some of the construction crew built a scaffold near the tower.

Write three sentences from a reading selection (as directed by your teacher) that contain at least one prepositional phrase. Put the prepositional phrases in parentheses.

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Write a paragraph of five to eight sentences on a topic given by your teacher. Make sure you include at least FIVE prepositional phrases. Put them in ( ). Remember the topic sentence!

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NounsDefinition: A noun is word that ____________ a _________________, ____________________,____________________, or ___________________.

A _____________ noun names a _______________ person, place, thing, or idea. ____________ nouns begin with ________________ letters.

All ____________ that are not ____________ nouns are ____________ nouns. _____________ nouns begin with _____________ letters.

Write the definition of a noun on your review sheet.

Examples:Common nouns: river, brother, city, money, independence, town hall, planetProper nouns: Omaha, Mars, Lincoln High School, the Alamo, Elm Street

TIP for Spotting Nouns:If you can put a word in the slot in the following sentence, it is a noun.

A (or An) ________________________ is remarkable.An elephant is remarkable. A rainbow is remarkable.(This works most of the time, but not always.)

Underline each noun with one line. Remember that the last word in a prepositional phrase is either a noun or pronoun.

1. Those trucks have diesel engines. (2)2. The herd of elephants suddenly charged the hyenas. (3)3. Neon signs flashed in the dark. (2)4. The spacecraft explored Saturn. (2)5. The teacher videotaped the class skits. (2)6. The train from Washington, D.C., finally arrived. (2)7. During the storm the airport closed. (2)8. Tom Baxter often swims before he goes to school. (2)9. Sarah reads horror stories and fantasies. (3)10. Through the tangle of branches we saw luminous eyes. (3)

11. The Cyclops was the one-eyed giant blinded by Odysseus.12. Marie is an accountant with the firm of Johnson and Lloyd.13. In the summer John spends most days at the beach in Atlantic City.14. The band plays Dixieland jazz and blues.15. A wire in the transformer has snapped.16. Carla bought a ticket for the Dave Matthews concert.

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17. The green backpack is too big for Shawn.18. Ramon and Tracy will represent our school at the regional speech meet.19. The audience clapped along with the music.20. Our custodian fixed the ancient washing machine.

Try some more:21. The elephants lumbered past us toward the watering hole.22. In the science classroom, there are many books on wildlife.23. The cross country team ran down the avenue and through the park.24. Music from the auditorium could be heard across the hall.25. I hope to see my friends at the dance on Saturday night. (careful!)26. Jim Gary makes sculptures of dinosaurs from old car parts.27. Did you walk past the cemetery on Halloween?28. Planes roared over the trees and the houses and into the night.29. You can’t park on the streets near Lincoln during school hours.30. The construction crew built a scaffold near the tower.

Write three sentences from a reading selection (as directed by your teacher). Put any prepositional phrases in parentheses and then underline the nouns with one line.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Write a paragraph of five to eight sentences on a topic given by your teacher. Make sure you include at least FIVE common nouns and FIVE proper nouns. Underline each noun.

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PronounsDefinition: A pronoun is word that _________________ a _________________ or another ___________________.

Words that we substitute for ________________ are called pronouns. We use other words in place of nouns to avoid ________________________. The word or group of words to which a pronoun refers is called its _______________________.

Write the definition of a pronoun on your review sheet.

Examples:

Underline each pronoun with one line. Remember that the last word in a prepositional phrase is either a noun or pronoun.

1. Alice asked Henry if he had brought his bike. (2)2. Paul baked his parents a cake for their party. (2)3. The twins took their skis with them. (2)4. Diane arranged her roses in a vase, each filling the room with their delightful fragrance. (3) 5. Dad helped the Grants select their new piano and move it into the house. (2)6. The fans rose to their feet when they realized that the ball had gone over the fence. (2)7. The movie doesn’t live up to its ads, but it does have an exciting ending. (2)8. Tracy enjoyed her trip and was sorry when it was over. (2)9. Ned decided he would order cake since it looked so good to him. (3)10. As Paul began to take his biology exam, he tried to ignore the beeping sound coming from a cellular phone behind him. (3)

Fill in the blank with a personal pronoun.11. Emily Dickinson spent much of __________________ life in Amherst.12. Randy, would ____________ please give us a hand?13. All of Jill’s friends sent her _____________________ best wishes.14. With _______________________ motor running, the car sounded like a washing machine.

Common Pronouns

I, me, my, mine we, us, our, oursyou, your, yours they, them, their, theirshe, him, his anybody, everybody, somebodyshe, her, hers everyone, no one, someoneit, its something, some, all, many, anywho, whose, whom each, none, one, this, that, these, those, which,

what

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15. Tom Sawyer didn’t always do ___________________ own work.16. With ______________________ money ready, Trudy stood in the long line.17. Many countries have _________________________ capitals in a central location.18. These books are so good that I wish ____________________ were longer.19. Charles Lindbergh flew ______________________small plane across the Atlantic.20. Anne Morrow Lindbergh features nature in many of ______________ books.

Try some more, but this time put the prep. phrases in ( ), underline the nouns, and circle the pronouns:21. Although hundreds of computer scientists have contributed to the rise of personal computers, none is more famous or controversial than Bill Gates.22. Gates is chairman of Microsoft, whose software is the world’s best seller.23. He was born in 1955 in Seattle, Washington, and raised two sisters.24. Their father was an attorney and their mother was a schoolteacher.25. Gates became interested in computers in grade school and soon began programming them.26. As a freshman at Harvard University, he befriended Steve Ballmer, whom he later hired as chief executive officer of Microsoft.27. Gates was still a college teen when he wrote Basic, a programming language for the world’s first personal computer.28. His family must have been stunned when they learned that Bill had decided to drop out of Harvard in his junior year.29. He and a friend, Paul Allen, started a company in 1975; its sole product was software.30. They believed that you, your classmates, and everyone else would eventually need computers at home and at work.

Write three sentences about yourself and your friend, but do NOT use any pronouns. Example: The friends of Joe Jones went to Joe’s house last night….

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Now rewrite the sentences using pronouns. Example: My friends went to my house last night….__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

AdjectivesDefinition: An adjective modifies a ____________ or a ______________.

Adjectives tell __________ kind __________ one __________ many ___________much

Articles (_____, an, ______) are the most common adjectives. Proper adjectives are formed from proper nouns. They are ______________ and often end in

-n, -an, -ian, -ese, -ish. (examples: American, Chinese, Polish) Nouns and possessive nouns can used as adjectives (examples: paper plates, Jane’s shoes) Pronouns can also be used as adjectives. (my sister, your house, that notebook, those

students)Examples:

Tips for spotting adjectives:1. You can add –er and –est or more and most to adjectives. (strong, stronger, strongest;

beautiful, more beautiful, and most beautiful)10

What kind: gray skies, tall boy, lowest priceWhich one: next day, those girls, last chanceHow many: five candles, fewer people, some friends

2. An adjective will usually fill the blank in this sentence. (The noun is _______________.)

Write the definition of an adjective on your review sheet.

Underline each adjective. (Do not underline articles: a, an, the. Remember that some pronouns are used as adjectives.) Draw an arrow to the word it modifies.

1. Lakota asked if she could park her red Honda in our crowded garage. (4)2. Paul was kind when he baked a chocolate cake for Manuel’s birthday party. (4)3. My younger brother took his snow skis with him. (4)4. Lucy arranged her yellow roses in a tall vase, filling the living room with their delightful fragrance. (6) 5. Dad helped the new neighbors move their heavy, new piano into the old house. (5)6. The enthusiastic fans cheered when they realized the soccer team had won the state championship. (3)7. The new Harry Potter movie didn’t live up to the newspaper ads, but it did have an exciting ending. (4)8. Luis wandered over the redwood fence and pulled the dead branches off the Johnson’s oak tree. (4)9. Ned traveled to the southern tip of the largest continent during the holiday break. (3)10. John can see twelve black cars from where I’m standing in the busy parking lot. (4)Fill in the blank with an adjective.11. The water looked ______________ and __________________.12. I can see ________ cabins from where I am standing on the __________ deck. 13. __________ umbrellas protect _______________ skin from ____________ sunshine.14. I usually swim in a _____________ lake with my __________ friends.15. While at the beach, Rose went for a ___________ walk and found __________ seashells.16. Jennifer made some delicious _____________ tacos and ___________ salads for lunch.17. Mary wrote a ________________ poem and a ____________ short story for her assignment.18. Louise sewed the ____________ flags and ___________dance outfits for the color guard.19. The ____________ sand burned my __________ feet.20. I returned to my _________________ blanket on the _____________beach.

This time, put the prepositional phrases in parentheses, underline the nouns, circle the pronouns, and draw an arrow from the adjective to the word it describes.

21. Jean made some delicious Swedish salads for our Christmas party.22. On her recent European tour, Grandmother sent me some interesting foreign coins.23. Those new basketball plays won the last two games for the Lincoln team.24. Visitors to the western park see spectacular waterfalls and steep cliffs.25. The national parks have become very busy during the hot summers.

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26. You find Isle Royale National Park in a remote area of Lake Superior.27. Little children play quietly near watchful parents.28. I look for colorful shells and unique rocks for my extensive collection.29. Mark usually goes for long, energetic walks on the sandy shores of Lake Michigan.30. You should watch the gentle sunrise and spectacular sunset each day while on vacation.

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Choose one of these pictures (or one provided by your teacher) and study it carefully. Then write a descriptive paragraph of at least five sentences. Make sure you include at least FIVE adjectives and ONE proper adjective. Underline each adjective.

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VerbsDefinition: Verbs are words that show _________________ or ____________________ of_____________.

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Linking (state of being) verbs link the subject to another word that renames or describes the subject.

Examples: I jumped for joy at 3:15. (action verb) Soccer is my favorite sport. (linking/state of being verb)

A verb of two or more words is a ________________ _____________________. The final verb is the __________ verb; the other words in the phrase are called _____________________ or _____________________ verbs.

Auxiliary (helping) verbs::

Examples : We will be leaving (at three o’clock.) Main verb = leaving; helping verbs = will be I must continue (with my homework.) Main verb = continue; helping verb = must

Many of the auxiliary/helping verbs can also be used as main verbs.Examples: We have two dogs. That is the problem. The parts of a verb phrase may be separated by the subject or an adverb.Examples: Did she give a reason? I am not (adverb) going (to the game) tonight. A verb can be part of a contraction.Examples: I’ve (have) finished my work. He’s (is) a careful listener.

Write the definition of a verb on your review sheet.Put prepositional phrases in parentheses and two lines under each verb. Don’t forget helping verbs.

1. Lakota had parked her red Ford in the west parking lot. 2. Hunter was kind to his younger brother. 3. The water looked cool and refreshing. 4. Ivan arranged the yellow roses in a tall vase. 5. Dad and I drove to California and surfed in the ocean last summer.6. The girls’ soccer team won the state championship in Aberdeen.

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is were has do shall may canam be have does will might couldare being had did should mustwas been had would

Tips for finding the verb1. Find the verb by asking what action takes place.2. Find the verb by asking what word links the subject with the rest of the sentence.3. If a word fits in the following slot, it is a verb: “I (or He or They) __________.”

Examples: I hunt elk. He swims every morning. They bring us flowers.4. Remember that the sentence will have TO in front of it.5. The “-ing” form can be a verb only if it has a helping verb in front of it.6. The verb will never be in a prepositional phrase.

am, are, is, was were, appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, taste

7. The new Harry Potter movie didn’t live up to the newspaper ads, but it did have an exciting ending. 8. Luis wandered over the redwood fence and pulled the dead branches off the Johnson’s oak tree. 9. Ned traveled to the southern tip of the largest continent during the holiday break. 10. I’m standing by a busy street.

Fill in the blank with a strong vivid verb.11. The nervous man _______________ out the door.12. Nancy turned to her best friend and ______________, “Why are you so mean to me?”13. The white Angora cat ______________ in the chair.14. I ______________ out of bed because it was already 8:00 a.m. and I was almost late for school!15. After spending all day in the sun, the girl _______________ into bed earlier than usual.

This time, put the prepositional phrases in parentheses, underline the nouns once, and underline the verbs twice.

16. Jean made some delicious Swedish salads for our Christmas party.17. On her recent European tour, Grandmother sent me some interesting foreign coins.18. Those new basketball plays won the last two games for the Lincoln team.19. Visitors to the western park see spectacular waterfalls and steep cliffs.20. The national parks are very busy during the hot summers.21. You find Isle Royale National Park in a remote area of Lake Superior.22. Little children play quietly near watchful parents.23. I look for colorful shells and unique rocks for the extensive collection.24. Mark usually goes for long, energetic walks on the sandy shores of Lake Michigan.25. You should watch the gentle sunrise and spectacular sunset each day while on vacation.

Think of an animal or creature, real or imaginary, and draw at picture of it: Using strong vivid verbs (underline the verb twice), write five sentences telling what this animal does. It may help to use body parts, such as: The baboon hurls the stick at his mate with his human-like hands.

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Write the letter of the correct part of speech for the underlined word._____1. Those trucks have diesel engines.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____2. The herd of elephants suddenly charged the hyenas.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____3. Neon signs flashed in the dark.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____4. The spacecraft explored Saturn.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____5. The English teacher videotaped the class skits.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____6. The train from Washington, D.C., finally arrived.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____7. During the dangerous storm the airport closed.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____8. Tom often swims before he goes to school.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____9. Sarah is my neighbor.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. verb_____10. Through the tangle of branches we saw luminous eyes.

A. preposition B. noun C. pronoun D. adjective E. Verb

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