1. 2014.10.15 Dr.W.S.Rathnaweera Management of small intestinal fistulae 2. abnormal communication between two epithelialized surfaces classification Congenital / Acquired External / internal primary (type-I) 15-25% underlying disease of gut wall require resection secondary (type-II) 75-85% after injury potential to close spontaneously Anastomotic failure Peritonitis Hepatic , renal insufficiency Previous surgery Immunocompromised Unrecognized enteric injury Repaired serotomy Extensive adhesiolysis Trauma surgery Mesh repair ventral hernias Surgery for cancer Laparostomy 3. Simple short, direct track better prognosis likely to close spontaneously Complex long, multiple tracks via an abscess cavity Mostly need interventions 4. High output >500ml in a 24-hour From proximal small bowel Worse prognosis Lower rate of spontaneous closure Low output 30 g/l, resection and primary anastomosis albumin