entrepreneurial support for e-waste recyclers · 3/8/2016 · entrepreneurial support for e-waste...
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Entrepreneurial Support for E-Waste Recyclers Mathias Schluep, Markus Spitzbart, Elisabeth Herbeck
World Resources Forum Latin America and the Caribbean San Jose, Costa Rica, May 17-20, 2016
• Business Plan Calculaiton Tool
• Dismantling Guide
• Recyclers information Centre
• Conclusions
Content
Business Plan Calculation Tool
Development Steps
1. Seed-Funding Project within StEP
2. Dismantling campaigns and analysis of correlations between dismantling output, reveneues and costs within the D.R.Z
3. Elaboration of the tool within several e-waste projects funded by UNIDO
Intentions
• Facilitate strategic planning processes for e-waste recycling on regional and national levels in developing and emerging countries
• Support entrepreneurs to design, implement and operate environmental sound and financially sustainable e-waste dismantling plants
BPlan-Tool Structure and Features
Definitions/ Mod. Options
Results
Input (Estimated Quantity/ Composition,
Purchase Conditions)
Provided Process Data
Plant-Layout
Dismantling Level
Sales Prices and Disposal Costs for Output-Fractions
Required Recycling Fees
Commercialisation of Fractions
Efficiency
Collection Strategy
Profit & Loss-Forecast for the first 5 years of operation
Aquisition Prices for Equipment and Machinery
Break-Even
Required Staff Required Space
Process Chain
General Price Levels Energy, Fuel, Taxes, Rental and Credit-Costs
Dismantling Output for different appliance groups and dismantling levels
Specific Correlations regarding Storage, Space Requirements, Collections Efforts, Dismantling Time, ...
Required Input Data
Salaries and Annual Working Hours
Planning Options
Structure & Design
Structure & Design
7
Level A) Hazardous components and high valuable components, like printed circuit boards are removed only and the remaining parts are destined to mechanical separation/ recycling.
Level B) Apart from removing hazardous components manual dismantling of components into more or less pure materials and recyclable fractions is conducted where viable with reasonable effort.
Level C) Appliances are dismantled up to a point, at which further separation into pure materials is not possible without mechanical shredding. +
• dismantling HDD, CDD
• obtaining more pure metals (copper, etc.)
• removing impurities from plastic parts
Structure & Design
WEEE-Receiving Weighing
Dismantling CRTs
Dismantling smallWEEE/
FPD local
market
regional cross-
national market
inter- national
shipment overseas
DOWNSTREAM OPTIONS
FURTHER TREATMENT
MANUAL DISMANTLING
COLLECTION/ RECEIVING
ORIGIN
Treatment CRT-tubes
Decon-tamination Hg-Lamps
Plastic- Shredder
Collection points
Cable- Stripper
Different storage options
Different transport options
WEEE
Fractions (non-hazardous)
Hazardous fractions/ waste
Legend:
Refurbishment
Individuals
transport B2B
Companies/ Organisations
Repair-Shops
Scavengers
Calculated Business-Plans for Dismantling Facilities in 3 different countries
Kampala/
Uganda
Phnom Penh/ Cambodia Rio de Janeiro/
Brazil
Landlocked country
Mainly government
equipment
Huge storage of old
equipment
Informal recycling at a
moderate level
Access to the sea
Easy transport to Vietnam
and Thailand
Large refurbishment
sector
Informal sector active in
recycling
Very low salaries
Access to Sea
Large area
Cooperatives active in e-
waste recycling
Salary wage at medium
level
Medium level
development status
• same input: 500 ton/a • same input-composition: 60% CRT, 20% PC, 20% printers, notebooks, etc.
Business-Plan Calculation Results
USD/a Kampala/ Uganda
Rio de Janeiro/ Brazil
Phnom Penh/ Cambodia
Adequate Dismantling Level
C B C
Net Revenues 21,000 184,000 178,000
Operational Costs -74,000 -140,000 -60,000
Operating Results -53,000 44,000 118,000
General Conditions
• Missing downstream options in the region
• High purchase prices to get the e-waste
• High transport and disposal costs
• Low operational costs
• Most serious burden: Disposal of CRT-glass
• Environmental sound e-waste recycling without recycling fees not possible
• Good sales conditions for output fractions
• No purchase prices considered
• Moderate transport and disposal costs
• Moderate operational costs
• Good sales conditions for output fractions
• Moderate transport and disposal costs
• Moderate purchase prices
• Most serious burden: Purchase of e-waste
Outcome
Kampala/ Uganda Phnom Penh/ Cambodia
Dismantling Guide
• Provide step by step instruction for efficient manual dismantling processes
• Focus on IT equipment
• General background information about the appliances
• Information regarding storage and transport of fractions
• Health & safety
General concept
Structure & Design
1 2 3
4
5 6 7
8 9 10 11
Use and Benefit
Dismantling Workshop in Colombia, April 2016
Recycling Information Centre
• Establish a platform to enhance communication between recyclers
• Main features of the platform • General Dismantling Procedures
• Product- Specific Disassembly Procedures
• Preparation for Reuse Procedures
• Fraction Specific Information
• Downstream Options
• Platform still under development, will be launched still this year
General Concept
Structure and Design
General description of equipment
Dismantling steps
Resulting output fractions
Required tools & equipment for dismantling
Health & Safety Aspects
General description of product
Specific dismantling steps
Resulting output fractions
Required tools & equipment for dismantling
Health & Safety Aspects
Components to be harvested
General potential for re-use
Required steps for testing/ refurbishment
Frequent defects/ components to be replaced
Required tools & equipment for repair
Health & Safety Aspects
Average material composition of fraction
Characteristics of fraction
Indications how to store & transport
Indications about the economic value of the fraction
General guidance for shipment
General description of the downstream market
Possible fraction to be treated with the recycling process (accepeted impurities/ required composition)
Effectiveness
Indications about recovery rates
Conclusions
• The presented tools can help small and medium size enterprises to review and improve their operations
• The presented tools can also support decision maker to develop efficient policies
• Through training and improved dismantling processes recycling rates of valuable materials can significantly be improved
• Continuous information exchange between stakeholders is crucial
Conclusions
Markus Spitzbart & Elisabeth Herbeck
Die Wiener Volkshochschulen GmbH
DRZ – Dismantling- and Recycling-Centre
Vienna/ Austria
[email protected] [email protected]
www.vhs.at/drz
Mathias Schluep
World Resources Forum
St. Gallen / Switzerland
www.wrforum.org
Thank you for your attention!