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Environmental Impact Assessment Report

for

45,000 KLPY Anhydrous (Absolute) Alcohol

Manufacturing Plant at Kurkumbh MIDC

Project Proponent

Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited 401-407 Nirman Vyapar Kendra, Plot No. 10, Sector 17, Vashi,

Navi-Mumbai 400703.

Environmental Consultant

Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory

NABET Accredited EIA Consulting Organization

NABET/EIA/1417/RA010 Saudamini Commercial Complex, 2nd Floor, Building C3,

Right Bhusari Colony, Paud Road, Kothrud, Pune - 411038

2016

122nd Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1 held on 24th, 25th & 26th Feb, 2016

The 122nd Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1

held on 24th, 25th & 26th February, 2016 at Parishad Sabhagraha,

Hall no. 2 & 3, 7th Floor, Main Building, Mantralaya, Mumbai-

400 032.

The following members were present for the Committee meeting:

Shri. T. C. Benjamin Chairman 24^ Ath, 25th & 26th Feb. 2016

Prof. (Dr.) Bhaskar N. Thorat Member 24th Feb. 2016

Shri. Chandrakantl. Sambutwad Member 24th, 25th & zo .--th Feb. 2016

Prof. (Dr.) Ramesh Dod Member 24th, 25th & 26th Feb. 2016

Shri. D A Hiremath Member 25th & zo es-4h Feb. 2016

Shri. Madan M. Kulkarni Member 24th Feb. 2016

Shri. Balbir H. Sehgal Member 24th, 25th & 26th Feb. 2016

Shri. S. N. Bagul Member Secretary 24th, 25th & zo- -th Feb. 2016

At the outset, the Chairman welcomed all Members present to the meeting. Thereafter the items were

taken up for discussion.

Table Item no. 1

Confirmation of minutes of 121st meeting

The minutes of the 121st SEAC-I meeting were confirmed unanimously. The Committee requested Member Secretary, SEAC-1 to send violation cases to the Environment Deptt., GoM by 29.2.2016 and also issue show cause notices in the cases where there has been delayer beyond prescribed period by 2.3.2016. (Refer Table Item no. 1)

Table Item 2 Site visit report on Kanjur Processing site in Mumbai

The Committee went through the site visit report. The observations made may be discussed at the time

of taking up the item on the agenda.

Page 1 of 78 Member Secretary Chairman

Mis. Alkyl Amines Chemicals Ltd. (ToR) 45000 KLPY anhydrous (absolute)

alcohol manufacturing plant at plot no D 6/1, D 6/2, Kurkumbh MIDC, Daund,

District-Pune.

122'1 Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1 held on 24th, 25th & 26th Feb, 2016

The PP gave a detailed presentation to augment capacity of 4x 125 MT cylindrical bullets + lx650 MT

spherical bullets by the proposed addition of3x300 MT mounded storage vessel to achieve a capacity

of 2050 MT of LPG in their existing premises at Additional MIDC, Jalgaon.

The Committee went through the presentation of E1A Report and made the following observations:

1. PP shall adopt a Zero Liquid Discharge Process.

2. An STP of 25 CMD shall be established for treatment of domestic waste water.

3. Total water required will be 4800 Kl.

4. ETP of capacity 25 CMD shall be established for the treatment of effluents from the paint shop.

5. Sludge will be transported to CHWTSDF, Ranjangaon.

6. Extra gate shall be provided on the eastern side of outer boundary wall of the plant.

7. DG set shall have a stack height of 6m above the roof level.

8. PP shall take necessary steps to illuminate the entire premises using solar energy.

9. CSR activity shall include skill development in the nearby villages.

After detailed discussion of all aspects of environmental impact, the Committee decided to recommend

the project for EC subject to the observations 1-9 above.

The Project was considered under 5(0-B1 category of the Schedule of the EIA Notification, 2006. The

PP gave a detailed presentation to expand capacity of existing industrial unit by producing anhydrous

(Ethanol) alcohol by molecular sieves. The Committee considered the proposal for approval of ToR.

The PP contended that the process will not consume any extra water and will not generate any effluents.

Considering the hazardous nature of raw materials and products, a separate chapter on Risk Assessment

and Risk Mitigation shall be a part of EIA Report.

For the EIA report the prescriptions of Model ToR by MoEF published in Notification dated April,

2015 shall be adopted.

After detailed discussion, the Committee decided to approve ToR for preparation of EIA Report in the

lines prescribed above.

Page 34 of 78

Member Secretary

Chairm n

Environmental Impact Assessment Report for 45,000 KLPY

Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Plant at Kurkumbh MIDC

ToR Compliance Table

Sr. No. ToR Point Compliance

1 Executive Summary Incorporated in EIA report

2 Introduction

2.i Details of the EIA Consultant including

NABET accreditation

Presented in Chapter 11 – Disclosure of

consultants

2.ii Information about the project proponent Presented in Chapter 1.1 - Introduction of

Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited

2.iii Importance and benefits of the project Presented in Chapter 1.2 - Introduction of

Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project

3 Project Description

3.i Cost of project and time of completion Presented in Chapter 2.8 - Project Schedule

and Cost Estimates

3.ii Products with capacities for the proposed

project

Chapter 2.2 - Description of Proposed Ethanol

Production

3.iii If expansion project, details of existing

products with capacities and whether

adequate land is available for expansion,

reference of earlier EC if any

Presented in Chapter 2.1 - Description of Alkyl

Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh

3.iv List of raw materials required and their

source along with mode of transportation

Presented in Chapter 2.4 – Details of raw

material

3.v Other chemicals and materials required

with quantities and storage capacities

Presented in Chapter 2.4 – Details of raw

material

3.vi Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous

waste generation and their management

Presented in Chapter 5 (Environmental

Impacts) and 6 (Environmental Management

Plan)

3.vii Requirement of water, power, with

source of supply, status of approval,

water balance diagram, man-power

Presented in Chapter 2.6 – Project Planning



requirement (regular and contract)

3.viii Process description along with major

equipments and machineries, process

flow sheet (quantative) from raw material

to products to be provided

Presented in Chapter 2.3 – Details of

manufacturing process

3.ix Hazard identification and details of

proposed safety systems

Presented in Chapter 7 – Risk Assessment

3.x Copy of all the Environmental

Clearance(s) including Amendments

thereto obtained for the project from

MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an

Annexure. A certified copy of the latest

Monitoring Report of the Regional

Office of the Ministry of Environment

and Forests as per circular dated 30th

May, 2012 on the status of compliance of

conditions stipulated in all the existing

environmental clearances including

Amendments shall be provided. In

addition, status of compliance of Consent

to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting

operation of the project from SPCB shall

be attached with the EIA-EMP report.

Attached as Annexure I to EIA report.

4 Site Details

4.i Location of the project site covering

village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State,

Justification for selecting the site,

whether other sites were considered.

Presented in Table 1.1

4.ii A toposheet of the study area of radius of

10km and site location on

Presented in Figure 1.3



1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2

sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas

and environmentally sensitive places)

4.iii Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection

of site

Not applicable – expansion within existing

plant

4.iv Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners

of the site

Presented in Table 1.1

4.v Google map-Earth downloaded of the

project site


4.vi Layout maps indicating existing unit as

well as proposed unit indicating storage

area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities

etc. If located within an Industrial area/

Estate/ Complex, layout of Industrial

Area indicating location of unit within

the Industrial area/Estate.


4.vii Photographs of the proposed and existing

(if applicable) plant site. If existing, show

photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in

particular


4.viii Landuse break-up of total land of the

project site (identified and acquired),

government/ private - agricultural, forest,

wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc

shall be included. (not required for

industrial area)

Not applicable – expansion within existing

plant

4.ix A list of major industries with name and

type within study area (10km radius)

shall be incorporated. Land use details of

the study area

Project site is located within MIDC,

surrounded by number of industries. Details

presented in Table 1.2


Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Plant at Kurkumbh MIDC 4.x Geological features and Geo-

hydrological status of the study area shall

be included

Presented in Chapter 4.3 – Geology and

Chapter 4.4 - Hydrology

4.xi Details of Drainage of the project up to

5km radius of study area. If the site is

within 1 km radius of any major river,

peak and lean season river discharge as

well as flood occurrence frequency based

on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years.

Details of Flood Level of the project site

and maximum Flood Level of the river

shall also be provided. (mega green field

projects)

Presented in Chapter 4.3 – Geology and

Chapter 4.4 - Hydrology

4.xii Status of acquisition of land. If

acquisition is not complete, stage of the

acquisition process and expected time of

complete possession of the land

Not applicable – expansion is proposed within

existing plant in MIDC

4.xiii R&R details in respect of land in line

with state Government policy

Not applicable – expansion is proposed within

existing plant in MIDC

5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if

applicable)

No wildlife sanctuary or national park is

present within study area

6 Environmental Status

6.i Determination of atmospheric inversion

level at the project site and site-specific

micrometeorological data using

temperature, relative humidity, hourly

wind speed and direction and rainfall

Presented in Chapter 4.7 - Meteorology

6.ii AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8

locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX,

CO and other parameters relevant to the

Presented in Chapter 4.8 – Ambient Air

Quality and Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Stations Details, Table 4.4:



project shall be collected. The monitoring

stations shall be based CPCB guidelines

and take into account the pre-dominant

wind direction, population zone and

sensitive receptors including reserved

forests.

Summary of Ambient Air Quality in Study

Area

6.iii Raw data of all AAQ measurement for

12 weeks of all stations as per frequency

given in the NAQQM Notification of

Nov. 2009 along with - min., max.,

average and 98% values for each of the

AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ

stations should be provided as an

annexure to the EIA Report

Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as

Annexure V.

6.iv Surface water quality of nearby River

(100m upstream and downstream of

discharge point) and other surface drains

at eight locations as per CPCB

/MoEF&CC guidelines

Presented in Chapter 4.10 – Water

Environment and Table 4.6 – Surface water

quality. Laboratory monitoring results are

attached as Annexure VII.

6.v Whether the site falls near to polluted

stretch of river identified by the

CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details

Not applicable.

6.vi Ground water monitoring at minimum at

8 locations shall be included

Presented in Chapter 4.10 – Water

Environment and Table 4.7 – Groundwater

quality. Laboratory monitoring results are

attached as Annexure VII.

6.vii Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations

within the study area

Presented in Chapter 4.9 – Noise Levels and

Table 4.6. Laboratory monitoring results are

attached as Annexure VI.

6.viii Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Presented in Chapter 4.6 – Noise Levels and



guidelines Table 4.2. Laboratory monitoring results are

attached as Annexure VI.

6.ix Traffic study of the area, type of

vehicles, frequency of vehicles for

transportation of materials, additional

traffic due to proposed project, parking

arrangement etc

Presented in Chapter 9 – Additional Studies:

Traffic Survey

6.x Detailed description of flora and fauna

(terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the

study area shall be given with special

reference to rare, endemic and

endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna

are found within the study area, a

Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be

prepared and furnished.

Presented in Chapter 4.11 – Ecology and Table

4.8: List of Dominant Flora Observed in Study

Area, Table 4.9: List of Dominant Fauna

Recorded in Study Area. No Schedule I fauna

was observed during survey.

6.xi Socio-economic status of the study area Presented in Chapter 4.12 – Socioeconomic

profile of study area

7 Impact and Environment Management

Plan

7.i Assessment of ground level

concentration of pollutants from the stack

emission based on site-specific

meteorological features. In case the

project is located on a hilly terrain, the

AQIP Modelling shall be done using

inputs of the specific terrain

characteristics for determining the

potential impacts of the project on the

AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources

of emissions (including transportation)

Presented in Chapter 5.1 – Air quality

modeling



on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed.

Details of the model used and the input

data used for modelling shall also be

provided. The air quality contours shall

be plotted on a location map showing the

location of project site, habitation nearby,

sensitive receptors, if any

7.ii Water Quality modelling - in case of

discharge in water body

Not applicable

7.iii Impact of the transport of the raw

materials and end products on the

surrounding environment hall be assessed

and provided. In this regard, options for

transport of raw materials and finished

products and wastes (large quantities) by

rail or rail-cum road transport or

conveyor cum-rail transport shall be

examined.

Presented in Chapter 9 – Additional Studies:

Traffic Survey. Detailed traffic studies

attached as Annexure IX.

7.iv A note on treatment of wastewater from

different plant operations, extent recycled

and reused for different purposes shall be

included. Complete scheme of effluent

treatment. Characteristics of untreated

and treated effluent to meet the

prescribed standards of discharge under

E(P) Rules

Presented in Chapter 6.4 – Effluent Treatment

Scheme. Details of ETP.

7.v Details of stack emission and action plan

for control of emissions to meet

standards

Presented in Chapter 5.1 – Impacts on air

environment

7.vi Measures for fugitive emission control Presented in Chapter 6.1 – Management plan



for air environment

7.vii Details of hazardous waste generation

and their storage, utilization and

management. Copies of MOU regarding

utilization of solid and hazardous waste

in cement plant shall also be included.

EMP shall include the concept of waste-

minimization, recycle /reuse /recover

techniques, Energy conservation, and

natural resource conservation

Presented in Chapter 5.4 – Hazardous waste

generation. Copy of membership certificate

with CHWTSDF is attached as Annexure VIII.

7.viii Proper utilization of fly ash shall be

ensured as per Fly Ash Notification,

2009. A detailed plan of action shall be

provided

Not applicable for expansion project.

7.ix Action plan for the green belt

development plan in 33 % area i.e. land

with not less than 1,500 trees per ha.

Giving details of species, width of

plantation, planning schedule etc. shall

be included. The green belt shall be

around the project boundary and a

scheme for greening of the roads used for

the project shall also be incorporated

Presented in Chapter 6.6 – Greenbelt

Development

7.x Action plan for rainwater harvesting

measures at plant site shall be submitted

to harvest rainwater from the roof tops

and storm water drains to recharge the

ground water and also to use for the

various activities at the project site to

conserve fresh water and reduce the

Not applicable for expansion project.



water requirement from other sources

7.xi Total capital cost and recurring

cost/annum for environmental pollution

control measures shall be included

Presented in Chapter 6.8 – Budget for

Environmental Management

7.xii Action plan for post-project

environmental monitoring shall be

submitted

Presented in Chapter 7 – Monitoring Program

7.xiii Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and

Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency

Management Plan including Risk

Assessment and damage control. Disaster

management plan should be linked with

District Disaster Management Plan

Presented in Chapter 9 – Risk Analysis and

DMP

8 Occupational health

8.i Plan and fund allocation to ensure the

occupational health & safety of all

contract and casual workers

Presented in Chapter 6.7 – Occupational

Health and Safety

8.ii Details of exposure specific health status

evaluation of worker. If the workers'

health is being evaluated by pre designed

format, chest x rays, Audiometry,

Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near

vision, colour vision and any other ocular

defect) ECG, during pre placement and

periodical examinations give the details

of the same. Details regarding last month

analyzed data of above mentioned

parameters as per age, sex, duration of

exposure and department wise.

Presented in Chapter 9 – Risk Analysis.

Detailed QRA report attached as Annexure X.

8.iii Details of existing Occupational & Presented in Chapter 9 – Risk Analysis



Safety Hazards. What are the exposure

levels of hazards and whether they are

within Permissible Exposure level (PEL).

If these are not within PEL, what

measures the company has adopted to

keep them within PEL so that health of

the workers can be preserved

8.iv Annual report of heath status of workers

with special reference to Occupational

Health and Safety

Attached as Annexure XI

9 Corporate Environment Policy

9.i Does the company have a well laid down

Environment Policy approved by its

Board of Directors? If so, it may be

detailed in the EIA report

Attached as Annexure XII

9.ii Does the Environment Policy prescribe

for standard operating process /

procedures to bring into focus any

infringement / deviation / violation of the

environmental or forest norms

/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in

the EIA


9.iii What is the hierarchical system or

Administrative order of the company to

deal with the environmental issues and

for ensuring compliance with the

environmental clearance conditions?

Details of this system may be given.

Presented in Chapter 7 – Environment

Monitoring Hierarchy.

9.iv Does the company have system of

reporting of non compliances / violations




of environmental norms to the Board of

Directors of the company and / or

shareholders or stakeholders at large?

This reporting mechanism shall be

detailed in the EIA report

10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities

such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to

be provided to the labour force during

construction as well as to the casual

workers including truck drivers during

operation phase.

Presented in Chapter 6.7 – Occupational

Health and Safety

11 Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the

project cost) shall be earmarked towards

the Enterprise Social Commitment based

on Public Hearing issues and item-wise

details along with time bound action plan

shall be included. Socio-economic

development activities need to be

elaborated upon

CSR Report attached as Annexure XIII.

12 Any litigation pending against the project

and/or any direction/order passed by any

Court of Law against the project, if so,

details thereof shall also be included. Has

the unit received any notice under the

Section 5 of Environment (Protection)

Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and

Water Acts? If so, details thereof and

compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and

present status of the case

Not applicable



Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 3

1.1. Introduction of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited ........................................................... 3 1.2. Introduction of Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project ............................................ 3 1.3. Environment Clearance Chronology of Kurkumbh Plant ................................................ 4 1.4. Overview of Environmental Settings around AACL Kurkumbh Plant............................ 4 1.5. Need for EIA Study ........................................................................................................ 10 1.6. Methodology Adopted for EIA Study ............................................................................ 11 1.7. Structure of EIA Report ................................................................................................. 12

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 13 2.1. General Description of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC .............. 13 2.2. Description of Proposed Ethanol Production ..................................................................... 13 2.3. Details of Manufacturing Process ...................................................................................... 14

2.3.1. Details of Molecular Sieves ........................................................................................ 14 2.4. Details of Raw Materials Required .................................................................................... 17 2.5. Resource Requirement and Other Specifications .............................................................. 17 2.6. Project Planning ................................................................................................................. 18 2.7. Manpower and Occupational Health Safety ...................................................................... 19 2.8. Proposed Infrastructure ...................................................................................................... 19 2.9. R&R Plan ........................................................................................................................... 19 2.10. Project Schedule and Cost Estimates ............................................................................... 19

3. COMPLIANCE OF EARLIER ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE ......................................... 21 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ....................................................... 28

4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 28 4.2. Details of Study area .......................................................................................................... 29 4.3. Topography ........................................................................................................................ 30 4.4. Hydrogeology .................................................................................................................... 31 4.5. Land Use/Land Classification (LULC) .............................................................................. 32

4.5.1. Satellite Image Analysis ............................................................................................. 32 4.5.2. LULC Details .............................................................................................................. 33

4.6. Soil ..................................................................................................................................... 35 4.7. Meteorology ....................................................................................................................... 38 4.8. Ambient Air Quality .......................................................................................................... 38 4.9. Noise Levels....................................................................................................................... 42 4.10. Water Environment .......................................................................................................... 42 4.11. Ecology ............................................................................................................................ 45 4.12. Socio-economy ................................................................................................................ 48

5. IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...................................................... 55

1



5.1. Impact on Air Environment ............................................................................................... 55 5.1.2. Air Quality Modeling .................................................................................................. 59

5.2. Impact on Water Environment ........................................................................................... 65 5.3. Impacts on Noise Levels .................................................................................................... 65 5.4. Waste Generation ............................................................................................................... 66 5.5. Impacts on Ecology............................................................................................................ 68 5.6. Impacts of Socioeconomic Environment ........................................................................... 68

6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................ 69 6.1. Purpose of Environmental Management Plan.................................................................... 69 6.2. Air Environment ................................................................................................................ 69 6.3. Water Environment ............................................................................................................ 70 6.4. Effluent Treatment Scheme ............................................................................................... 70 6.5. Noise Environment ............................................................................................................ 73 6.6. Greenbelt Development ..................................................................................................... 73 6.7. Occupational Health and Safety......................................................................................... 74 6.8. Budget for Environmental Management ............................................................................ 74

7. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................... 76 8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES .......................................................................................... 78

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 78 8.1. Project Requirement Alternatives ...................................................................................... 78 8.2. No Project Scenario ........................................................................................................... 78 8.3. Site Selection ..................................................................................................................... 78 8.4. Technology Alternatives .................................................................................................... 78

9. ADDITIONAL STUDIES ........................................................................................................ 80 9.1 Traffic analysis.................................................................................................................... 80 9.2. Risk and HAZOP ............................................................................................................... 82

10. CONSULTANTS ENGAGED ............................................................................................... 83 10.1. M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory: ........................................... 83

2



INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited

Alkyl Amines Chemicals Ltd (AACL) is a public Limited Listed Company promoted in 1979.

The Company is in the business of manufacturing and marketing various aliphatic amines, amine

derivatives and other specialty chemicals for the last 35 years.

AACL has two manufacturing sites with 9 production plants and related utilities at Patalganga

and Kurkumbh in Maharashtra. The company has an R&D centre at Hadapsar, Pune. Over the

last decade, the company had added various new product processes which were developed in the

R&D to expand its product range through in-house technology.

The first plant was commissioned in 1982 at Patalganga to make ethylamines with technology

from Leonard Process Company, USA. Subsequently, the capacity at the site was expanded to

manufacture other amines with technical know-how of Acid Amines Technologies, USA, and

now hosts 2 multipurpose amines plants with a capacity 19000 MT/annum. In 1995 AACL

started on its Kurkumbh complex where various amines and amine derivatives are currently

being manufactured in 7 production plants with a capacity exceeding 30000 MT/annum. In the

last decade, the company has added various facilities to manufacture a wide range of speciality

chemicals with its inhouse developed technologies.

AACL is a global supplier of amines and amine-based chemicals to the pharmaceutical,

agrochemical, rubber chemical and water treatment industries, among others. It has established a

leading position in the domestic market and presence in the international market with a

reputation for reliable service and quality products with annual sales of Rupees 400 Crores.

1.2. Introduction of Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project

Ethanol is the commonly used word to describe alcohol or specifically ethyl alcohol with a purity

of more than 99 % and a moisture content of less than 0.4 %. The government of India has been

following a policy of ethanol blending in petrol for the past several years. This is with the

purpose of achieving multiple targets - reducing the dependency on imported crude for

producing petrol and shifting to a green source for energy being the major objectives.

3



The government had mandated the use of 5 % Ethanol in petrol for the past several years. In the

second half of 2015 it announced that the blending rate would be enhanced to 10 % thus

requiring a larger quantity of ethanol. It is estimated that the total requirement for the country

would be in the range of 2300 ML/Annum. It is also reported that at present the availability of

ethanol is only sufficient for 2 % blending. Proposed total capacity of 45,000 KL/Annum would

easily be marketed to the oil companies for the purpose of blending in petrol.

AACL intend to manufacture 45000 KLPY anhydrous alcohol at existing plant in Kurkumbh

MIDC. Details of manufacturing system are described in Chapter 2.

1.3. Environment Clearance Chronology of Kurkumbh Plant

The existing plant at Kurkumbh was commissioned during 1995 and undergone subsequent

expansions thereon. Latest expansion was proposed in 2015 for which Environmental Clearance

was obtained from Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee, vide letter no.SEAC-

2014/CR-387/TC-2, dated 31st March 2015. Copy of earlier clearance and compliance to its

conditions is attached as Annexure I.

1.4. Overview of Environmental Settings around AACL Kurkumbh Plant

The existing manufacturing unit of AACL is located at at Plot No. D- 6/1, D-6/2 Kurkumbh

MIDC, Village Kurkumbh, Taluka Daund, Dist. Pune of Maharashtra. Map showing project

location is presented in Figure 1.1. Geographical Co-ordinates of project site are latitude 18° 24'

15.83" N and longitude 74° 30' 30.27" E. Google image of project site and map showing 10 km

radius of study area is shown in Figure 1.2and Figure 1.3, respectively.

Kurkumbh is a well developed industrial area of the MIDC near Daund Town. The MIDC area,

adjacent to the Kurkumbh village, is one of the 13 chemical industrial areas developed by MIDC.

The Kurkumbh Industrial area is under the jurisdiction of Daund taluka (about 9 km) and under

Dist. Pune (about 65 km). The area is surrounded by agriculture land. Kurkumbh area has well

developed road and rail network, which is connected to Pune - Solapur National Highway 9 (on

1 km) and Central Railway (Daund Junction) on 9.8 km.

No sanctuary, national park or ecologically sensitive area is situated within 10 km radius of

Kurkumbh MIDC.

4



Figure 1.1: Location map of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC

Figure 1.2: Latest Google Earth Image of AACL Kurkumbh Plant

AACL Existing Plant

Location of Proposed

Alcohol Plant

A

B

C

D

5



The study area is mainly comprised of industrial area and agriculture land. Major industries

surrounding AACL plant in Kurkumbh MIDC are Cargill Foods India Limited, Cipla Limited,

Hindustan Polyamides & Fiber Limited, Emcure Pharmaceutical Limited, Clean Science and

Technology Private Limited etc.

As the alcohol manufacturing unit is proposed within existing plant, no resettlement and

rehabilitation are envisaged. Similarly no ecologically sensitive zones and geo-morphological

features are present at the project site.

The environment settings of the project site in Kurkumbh MIDC as defined in Annexure II of

EIA manual published by MoEF are provided in Table 1.1.The environment settings within 10

km radius from Kurkumbh MIDC are provided in Table 1.2. The photographs of the proposed

project site are depicted in Figure 1.4.

Figure 1.3: Map Showing Study Area of 10 km Radius from Project Site

6



Table 1.1:Environmental Settings at Project Site in Kurkumbh MIDC

S.No. Particular Details

1 Project Location Plot No. D- 6/1, D-6/2 Kurkumbh MIDC, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra

2 Site Coordinates

(Refer Figure 1.2)

A 18°24'16.33"N 74°30'27.96"E

B 18°24'13.03"N 74°30'47.42"E

C 18°24'0.50"N 74°30'42.88"E

D 18°24'7.65"N 74°30'21.03"E

3 Railway Station None at project site

4 Airport None at the project site

5 Sea Port None at the project site

6 Village/Major Town None at the project site

7 Ecologically Sensitive Zones

None at the project site

8 Historical/ Tourist Place As per Archeological Survey of India, no historical place is present at project site

9 Beach resorts None at project site

10 Coastal Areas rich in corals, mangroves, breeding ground of specific species

None at project site

11 Biosphere reserves None at project site

12 Defense installations, specially those of security importance and sensitive to pollution


13 Water Bodies/ Reservoirs


14 Critically polluted areas as per MoEF notification


15 Seismic Zones Zone III as per as per IS1893 (Part1) : 2002

17 Corals, coral reefs and associated biodiversity


18 Sand dunes None at project site

7



S.No. Particular Details

19 Mud flats None at project site.

20 National parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, reserve forests, wild life habitats, biosphere reserves

None at project site.

21 Salt marshes None at project site

22 Turtle nesting grounds None at project site

23 Horse shoe crab habitats None at project site

24 Sea grass beds None at project site

25 Nesting grounds of birds None at project site

Note: Distances indicated based on aerial measurement

Table 1.2: Environment Settings of the Study Area of 10 km from Project Site

S. No. Particular Details

1 Toposheet No. 47J7 and 47J11

1 Climatic Conditions Based on IMD – Pune (Annual) – 30 years data

• Annual Mean Max Temp: 38 0C (Summer)

• Annual Mean Min Temp:6 0C (Winter)

• Annual Total Rainfall: 721.5 mm

• Predominant Wind Direction: East - West

3 Nearest Roadway National Highway 9 (Pune to Machilipatanam) on 0.5 km South

4 Nearest Railway Station Daund Junction on Central Railway at 10.5 km North

5 Nearest Airport None within study area

6 Nearest Sea Port None within study area

7 Nearest Village/Major Town

Daund Town on 10 km North

8 Ecologically Sensitive Zones

None within study area

9 Historical/ Tourist Place None within study area

10 Beach resorts None within study area

8



S. No. Particular Details

11 Coastal Areas rich in corals, mangroves, breeding ground of specific species


12 Biosphere reserves None within study area

13 Defense installations, specially those of security importance and sensitive to pollution


14 Nearest Industries S. No.

Name of Industry Type Distance

km Direction

1 Godavari Paper and Pulp Ltd.

Paper Industry 0.2 West

2 Reliance Industries Ltd.

Chemical Unit 1.1 Northwest

3 Cipla Ltd.

Pharmaceutical 0.3 East

4 Emcure Pharma


5 Glenmark Pharma


15 Nearest Water Bodies/ Reservoirs

Mastani Lake 5.6 km Northwest Patas Lake 7.7 km Northwest Warwand Dam 12 km West Shirsuphal Dam 10.6 km Southeast Bhima River 9.2 km North

16 Critically polluted areas as per MoEF notification

None within study area.

17 Seismic Zones Zone III as per as per IS1893 (Part1) : 2002

Note: Distances indicated based on aerial measurement

9



Figure 1.4: Photographs of Existing Plant

Existing Manufacturing Units at AACL Kurkumbh Plant

Greenbelt Development

Plant Premises Occupational Health Center

1.5. Need for EIA Study

As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its amendments thereon, proposed

Alcohol manufacturing activity falls under schedule 5 (f) Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry

10



and hence need to obtain prior Environmental Clearance before development. Since the proposed

development is located within notified industrial area it will be appraised by Maharashtra State

Expert Appraisal Committee (Category B).

The proposal was presented in 122nd meeting of Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee

(SEAC I) dated 24th February 2016 to obtain Terms of References (ToR). EIA report was

prepared in conformance with standard ToR issued by MoEF& CC during April 2015 and

additional ToR issued by SEAC.

1.6. Methodology Adopted for EIA Study

Detailed review of the feasibility report for the proposed project has been carried out. Ten km

radius of study area was marked using latitudes and longitudes of the project site. For all major

environmental components, primary data was generated and compared with available

historical/published information for assessment of various environmental components to develop

Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Land use pattern was mapped within 10 km radius from the projectsite using remote sensing

maps followed by ground truth verification. Baseline monitoring program was undertaken during

summer season(March to May, 2016) to establish the background air quality, ground and surface

water qualities, soil quality, noise levels in the study area. Site specific meteorological data was

collected during study period from the weather station installed at project site. Ecology and

biodiversity studies were carried out for terrestrial components of the study area. Field Survey

was undertaken to develop socio-economic profile of the study area and was compared with

published census data to develop socio-economic profile of the study area. A detailed review on

the possible environmental pollutants was undertaken. Impact Assessment of various

environmental components have been carried out using standard EIA tools and techniques with

appropriate input of primary and secondary baseline data to determine the significance of the

impact. Various activities those are envisaged during construction and operation phases of the

proposed project were evaluated for its significance. Based on the impact, suitable EMP was

developed to mitigate the pollution.

Separate risk assessment study, emergency response plan and disaster management plan were

also prepared for the proposed project.

11



1.7. Structure of EIA Report

The present EIA Study Report is organized into eleven sections and all relevant aspects as per

MoEF guidelines and EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments thereon, has been

addressed in this report.

Chapter 1describes the details about the Introduction, project back-ground, justification of

project site and EIA methodology adopted for undertaking EIA studies.

Chapter 2 presents project description along with utilities and supporting infrastructure facilities

and transportation of materials to be handled.

Chapter 3 describes about compliance of existing environmental clearance

Chapter 4 describes about the existing baseline environmental conditions of the study area.

Various environmental components such as air quality, water quality, noise levels,

meteorological data, ecological and biological aspects and socioeconomic details have been

presented. This information has been used for predicting the cumulative (positive and negative)

environmental impact arising during the construction and operational phases of the proposed

activities.

Chapter 5 of the report discusses about the residual environment impact during construction and

operation of the facility. Environmental Impact Assessment was made using, mathematical

model taking in to account of baseline parameters. Potential environmental impacts have been

assessed to establish the need for any additional risk mitigation measures if required.

Chapter 6 describes about environmental management plan to mitigate impacts on environment.

Chapter 7 describes the proposed Environment Monitoring Program to be implemented during

construction and operation stages of the proposed project. It also describes post project

monitoring plan to be conducted under various stages and reporting procedures.

Chapter 8 presents the alternate sites and technologies considered and the justification for

selecting the proposed project sites.

Chapter 9 presents the additional studies conducted such as Traffic Study, QRA and HAZOP

Chapter 10 depicts the Disclosure of consultants engaged

12



2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. General Description of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC

Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited is a global supplier of amines and amine-based chemicals to

the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, rubber chemical & water treatment industries. AACL operates

existing chemical manufacturing facility with 67,000 MT/ Annum at Plot nos. D – 6 / 1 and D –

6 / 2, MIDC, Kurkumbh, Taluka Daund, District Pune, Maharashtra. AACL manufacture

Specialty Intermediates (Acetonitrile), Aliphatic Amine Hydrochloride, Sodium Acetate

Solution, Spent Caustic Lye (Byproduct) at Kurkumbh.

AACL received environmental clearance for existing production capacity from Maharashtra

SEIAA vide letter no. SEAC-2014/CR-387/TC-2 dated 31st March 2015.

2.2. Description of Proposed Ethanol Production

AACL is desirous to expand the capacity of the existing industrial unit producing anhydrous

alcohol (Ethanol) by Molecular Sieves method. The proposed product size will be 45,000

KL/Annum. Proposed expansion will be confined within existing manufacturing unit and no

additional land will be procured.

Ethanol is the commonly used word to describe alcohol or specifically ethyl alcohol with a purity

of more than 99 % and a moisture content of less than 0.4 %. The government of India has been

following a policy of ethanol blending in petrol for the past several years. This is with the

purpose of achieving multiple targets - reducing the dependency on imported crude for

producing petrol and shifting to a green source for energy being the major objectives.







13



2.3. Details of Manufacturing Process

Anhydrous (Absolute) alcohol is an important product required by industry. As per IS

Specification it is nearly 100% pure/water free alcohol. Alcohol as manufactured by Indian

distilleries is rectified spirit, which is 94.68 % alcohol and rest is water. It is not possible to

remove remaining water from rectified spirit by straight distillation as ethyl alcohol forms a

constant boiling mixture with water at this concentration and is known as an azeotrope.

Therefore, a special process for removal of water is required for manufacture of anhydrous

alcohol. MSDS of anhydrous alcohol is attached as Annexure II.

In order to extract water from alcohol it is necessary to use some dehydrant or entrainer, which is

capable of separating, water from alcohol. A Simple dehydrant is unslaked lime. Industrial

alcohol is taken in a reactor and quick lime is added to that and the mixture is left over night for

complete reaction. It is then distilled in fractionating column to get anhydrous alcohol. Water is

retained by quick lime. This process is used for small-scale production of anhydrous alcohol by

batch process.

2.3.1. Details of Molecular Sieves

AACL propose to use Moleular Sieve method for the dehydration. Molecular sieves are synthetic

adsorbents and for vapour phase ethanol dehydration the sieve developed is metal

aluminosilcates with effective pore size opening 3 angstrom (3x10-8cm). Molecular sieves of

type 3A has chemical formula (K2O, Na2O). Al2O3. SiO2. XH2O

During dehydration of ethanol, the water of hydrolysis fills the cavities or pores in the molecular

sieves. The potassium form of molecular sieves has pore size of 3 angstrom. The diameter of

water molecule is 2.8 angstrom and the diameter of ethanol molecule is 4.4 angstrom. The water

vapour molecules are having strong dipoles and elastic. They are drawn into the pores and

condensed at the wall of the pores, Ethanol vapour bigger in size passes through the bed without

getting in to the pores of the molecular sieves.

Water strongly attracted to molecular sieves of 3-angstrom type that for each kilogram adsorbed,

990 Kcal of heat released. This effect is referred as the heat of adsorption.When we remove that

same kilogram of water during regeneration, we must supply 990 Kcal of heat- This effect

14



referred as the heat of desorption.3A type molecular sieves is capable of adsorbing up to 22% of

its weight in water. Salient features of the molecular sieve adsorption process are as follows.

• Steam consumption of 0.5 to 0.6 kg/l of rectified spirit

• It is possible to use exhaust steam-1.5 Kg/cm2 gm (90%) and medium pressure steam 3 -

3.5 kg/ cm2 gm (10%)

Spirit (94 - 96% v/v) from the feed tank is pumped to a feed pre-heater to evaporation

(regeneration) column — in evaporation column liquid phase converted in to vapour phase by

application of steam through reboiler at the bottom of the column. The top vapour of the column

fed to the superheater. The vapours are super heated by applying steam - the vapour temperature

approx. 140°C – 150 °C. Superheated spirit vapour from feed super heater is passed to one of

the pair of molecular sieve beds for several minutes while passing through the molecular sieve

bed, water is absorbed and absolute alcohol vapour at 99.8 - 99.9 % v/v is removed, which is

then condensed and cooled in cooler and sent to respective receivers and storage tank.

During the adsorption cycle of approx. 8 – 10minutes, the bed undergoes a temperature rise due

to heat adsorption (990 Kcal/Kg water adsorbed). When the bed reaches the saturation factor, itis

regenerated by vacuum application on the loaded bed and water plus ethanol mixture at 135 °C

proof boils and releases the heat of adsorption and the bed temperature is reduced again.

A moderate vacuum is applied by vacuum pump operating after condensation of the regenerated

ethanol water mixture. This condensate is transferred from recycle drum to the evaporation

column by recycle pump to the regeneration preheater. The life of molecular sieve may be

around five to seven years. However, the operating cost is considerably less than azeotropic

distillation.

15



Figure 2.1: Process Flow Chart of Alcohol manufacturing using Molecular Sieves

16



2.4. Details of Raw Materials Required

# Name Number of Storage’s Maximum Quantity of storage at any point of time

1 Specially Denatured Spirit (SDS)

6 Tanks 10800 KL

2 Molecular sieve 3A - Filled in adsorber

2.5. Resource Requirement and Other Specifications

Requirement of energy and fuel are shown in Table 2.1 below.

Details of Fuel to be used Type:- Imported Coal

Source:- Indonesia,

Transportation: - Through dumpers from Port.

Consumption (quantity /hr) of fuel used:- 180 Mt/Day

No additional requirement for proposed expansion.

Energy Existing Total power requirement

Connected load – 3807 KW

Maximum Demand – 2500 KVA

Source : MSEDCL ( 33 KV express Feeder)

Proposed Loads

Connected - 250 KW

Consumed - 100 KW

Cooling water recirculation rate 200 m3/hr for Molecular Sieve plant only @ 30°C maximum and

4 kg/cm2 (g) pressure at cooling water header, Δ T=6°C. Steam requirement at full capacity

operation is 5 kg/cm2 (g) pressure in steam header. Electricity will Be 440 V, 3 ph, 50 Hz, AC

Electric supply. The power requirement will be for Molecular sieve plant and cooling tower,

which excludes utilities like boiler. Approx 250 kwh/h is required.

17



The following are the design standards used for the equipment for design.

• Pressure Vessels and distillation columns as per ASME

• Storage tanks as per API

• Heat Exchangers as per TEMA

• Piping and valve as per DIN/JIS

2.6. Project Planning

The proposed manufacturing facility will be located within existing plant area of 27.65 ha.

Project layout is shown in Figure 2. Existing boiler capacity is adequate to cater need of

proposed products. No additional stack is proposed. Waste water generated from new process

will be recycled and utilized for process, boiler and cooling purpose. No waste water from new

products will be released in CETP. Domestic waste water will be treated in STP and utilized in

greenbelt. The water requirement and waste water generated in the factory will be as follows.

Water requirement will be met through MIDC water supply. Permission from MIDC for water

supply is attached as Annexure III.

# Particular Existing Input

Existing Effluent

Proposed Input

Proposed Effluent

1 Domestic 49 40 0 0

2 Industrial

2.1 Processing 108 150 0 9*

2.2 Boiler 180 16 0 0

2.3 Cooling 1272 240 9 0

2.4 DM Water 10 -- 0 0

2.5 Washing 11 11 0 0

2 Total Industrial 1581 417 9 0

3 Fire Service 11 --

4 Greenbelt 200 --

Total (1+2+3) 1841 417 9 0

*To be recycled in cooling tower, Domestic 40 KLD going to STP

18



2.7. Manpower and Occupational Health Safety

Currently 179 of workers are employed within existing plant premises. AACL has its own

Occupational Health Center near the main gate in the Plant having two rooms with floor area of

15 sq m as per Factory Act for management of medical & accidental casualty. Occupational

Health Center is having established infrastructural and in-house facilities as per factory Act to

ensure services to the company and contract employees in Plant. The aims and objectives of the

department is to provide a preventive, curative and supportive services to all employees.

Occupational Health Center is having two number of part time Factory Medical Officer, and

Medical Assistants & ambulance facility round the clock. In and around the industry green

plantation is already started. The area for green belt is approx. 60,000 m2. There are already

about 5570 trees existing inside the premises. In addition there are 1066 trees planted outside the

boundary wall.

2.8. Proposed Infrastructure

The existing infrastructure for manufacturing, ancillary operations, transport of raw material and

final products are adequate. Raw material and final products will be transported through

tankers/trucks. Maximum rounds of 8 tankers of raw material and 8 tankers of finished products

are envisaged.

2.9. R&R Plan

Proposed expansion will be within existing manufacturing unit; hence, R&R plan is not

applicable.

2.10. Project Schedule and Cost Estimates

AACL has ability to complete proposed construction within 4 – 6 months and likely to be

commission the project for operation purpose. Total estimated cost of project will be 7 Crore.

Capital Cost for existing environment management is 2.92 crores while recurring cost will be

80.46 lakhs.

19



Figure 2.2: Site Layout of Kurkumbh Plant (Proposed Unit Shown in Red Colour)

20



3. COMPLIANCE OF EARLIER ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE

The existing plant at Kurkumbh was commissioned during 1995 and undergone subsequent

expansions thereon. Latest expansion was proposed in 2015 for which Environmental Clearance

was obtained from Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee, vide letter no.SEAC-

2014/CR-387/TC-2, dated 31st March 2015. Point wise compliance to conditions stipulated in

this environment clearance is given below.

Sr.

No

Conditions of EC March 2015 Compliance

1 No additional land shall be used

/acquired for any activities of the project

without obtaining proper permission.

Project is within the existing MIDC plot of

company. No additional land is aquired.

Permissions taken from DISH -Approval

No. PLN/86-15/MNG/PSG/726-15

dt.26.02.15 and MIDC - Approval No -

DE/KUR/Plan/B-67656 dt. 05.06.2015

2 For controlling fugitive natural

dust,regular sprinkling of water & wind

shields at appropriate distances in

vulnerable areas of the plant shall be

insured.

Adequate water sprinking for controlling

fugitive natural dust is done.

3 Regular monitoring of the air

quality,including SPM & SO2 levels

both in work zone and ambient air shall

be carried out in and around the power

plant and records shall be maintained.

The location of monitoring stations and

frequency of monitoring shall be decided

in consultation with Maharashtra

Pollution Control Board(MPCB) &

submit report accordingly to MPCB as

Regular monitoring of air quality is done by

MoEF approved Lab for SPM and SO2 levels

both in work zone and ambient air is carried

out in and around plant areas and the records

are maintained. As well submitted to MPCB

along with Environmental Report annually.

21



applicable

4 Necessary arrangement shall be made to

adequate safety and ventilation

arrangement in furnace area.

Adequate Safety arrangement and ventilation

is provided in furnace area.

5 Proper housekeeping programmes shall

be implemented

Housekeeping programs are in place and are

monitored.

6 In the event of the failure of any

pollution control system adopted by the

unit,the unit shall be immediately put out

of operation and shall not be restarted

until the desired efficiency has been

achieve.

This will be followed whenever such

situation arises.

7 A stack of adequate height based on DG

set capacity shall be provided for control

and dispersion of pollutant from DG

set.(if applicable)

Existing DG sets are provided with adequate

height stack. New DG set will also be

provided with adequate height stack as per

MPCB norms.

8 A detailed scheme for rainwater

harvesting shall be prepared and

implemented to recharge ground water.

Scheme is prepared and will be implemented.

9 Arrangement shall be made that effluent

and storm water does not get mixed.

Separate Effluent Transfer Piping network

and separate Strom water drains are provided.

10 Periodic monitoring of ground water

shall be undertaken and results analyzed

to ascertain any change in the quality of

water . Results shall be regularly

submitted to the Maharashtra Pollution

Control Board.

Will be done.

11 Leq of noise level shall be maintain as

per standard . For people working in the

Adequate measures to control Noise levels

and proper PPEs arre provided for the people

22



high noise area , requisite personal

protective equipment like earplug etc

shall be provided

working in high noise area.

12 The overall noise levels in and around

are shall be kept within the standards by

providing noise control measures

including acoustic hoods, silencers,

enclosure etc on all sources of noise

generation .The ambient noise level shall

confirm to standards prescribed under

environment ( Protection ) act 1986

Rules. 1989.

Acoustic hoods, silencers , enclosures are

provided on the sources of noise generation

and ambient noise levels are conforming to

standrards as prescribed under EPA 1986

Rules 1989.

13 Green belt shall be developed &

maintained around the plant periphery

.Green belt development shall be carried

out considering CPCB guidelines

including selection of plants species and

in consultation with local DFO

/Agriculture dept

Green Belt Area is 60,000 sq.m and 6900

trees are planted as per CPCB guidelines and

in consultation with agriculture dept.

14 Adequate safety measures shall be

provided to limit the risk zone within the

plant boundary,in case an accident .Leak

detection devices shall also the installed

at strategic place for early detection and

warning .

Adequate Safety measures are taken and

Leak detection devices are provided at

strategic locations .

15 Occupational health surveillance of the

workers shall be done on a regular basis

and record maintained as per Factories

Act.

Occupationa Health Sureveillance of workers

is done regularly and records are maintained

in Form - 7 as per Factories Act.

23



16 The company shall make the

arrangement for protection of possible

fire hazards during manufacturing

processes in material handling

Arrangements are made for protection of Fire

Hazards during manufacturing process in

material handling

17 The project authorities must strictly

comply with the rules and regulation

with regard to handling and disposal of

hazardous waste in accordance with the

Hazardous Waste (Management &

handling) rules 2003 (amended).

Authorization from MPCB shall be

obtained by collection

/treatment/storage/disposal of hazardous

waste.

Hazardous Wastes are handled in accordance

with Hazardous Wastes Rules 2003.

Hazardous Waste Authorization No.CTO-

BO/CAC-Cell/EIC No. PN -21660-14/16th

CAC-9444 dt.13/10/14

18 The company shall undertake following

waste minimization measures

* metering of quantities of active

ingredients to minimize waste

* Reuse of by -products from the

process as raw materials or as raw

material substitutes in other process.

* maximizing recoveries

* use of automated material transfer

system to minimize the spillage

All the four measures for waste minimization

are regularly followed and practiced.

19 Regular mock drills for the on-site

emergency management plan shall be

carried out . Implementation of changes /

improvement required , if any, in the on

site management plan shall be ensured .

Regular Mock Drills are carried out.

24



20 A Separate environment management

cell with qualified staff shall be set up

for implantation of the stipulated

environmental safeguards

Qualified Staff are employed in Environment

Management Cell/ Dept.

21 Transportation of ash will be through

closed containers and all measure should

be taken on prevent spillage of the ash .

Transportation of Ash is done in Covered

vehicles and measures are taken to prevent

spillage.

22 Separate silos will be provided for

collecting and storing bottom ash and fly

ash.

Separate Silos are provided

23 Separate fund shall be allocated for

implementation of environmental

protection measures/EMP along with

item - wise breaks-up. These cost shall

be included as per of the project cost.

The fund earmarked for the environment

protection measure shall not be diverted

for other purposes and year - wise

expenditure should reported to the

MPCB & this department.

Separate Funds are allocated for EMPs and

such expenses are reported to MPCB.

24 The project management shall advertise

at least in tow local news paper widely

circulated in region around the project,

one of which shall be in the Marathi

language of the local concerned within

seven days of issue of this letter ,

informing that the project has been

accorded environmental clearance and

copies of clearance letter are available

Environmental Clearance News is published

in local news papers Indian Express and

Loksatta on 05.04.15.

25



with the Maharashtra pollution control

board and may also seen at web site

htte://ec,maharashtra.gov.in .

25 Project management should submit half

yearly compliance report in respect of

the stipulated prior environment

clearance terms and conditions in hard

and soft copies to the MPCB & this

department on 1st june &1st December of

each calendar year .

This is First Half Yearly Compliance Report.

26 A copy of the clearance letter shall be

sent by proponent to the concern

municipal corporation and local NGO ,if

any ,from whom

suggestion/representation ,i f any , were

received while processing the proposal

.The clearances letter shall also be put on

the website of the company by the

proponent.

Copy of EC is submitted to local authorities.

27 The proponent shall upload the status of

compliance of stipulated EC conditions;

including result of monitored data on

their website shall update the same

periodically. It shall simultaneously be

sent to the regional office of MoEF , the

respective zonal office of CPCB and the

SPCB . The criteria pollutant levels

namely SPM, RSPM.SO2, NOx (

ambient levels as well as stack

The results of pollutant levels SPM, RSPM,

SO2, NOx for ambient as well as stack

emmissions are sent to SPCB, CPCB Zone

and MoEF RO. Critical sector Parameters are

displayed at company gate.

26



emissions) or critical sectors parameters ,

indicated for the project shall be

monitored and display at a convenient

location near the main gate of the

company in the public domain .

28 The project proponent shall also submit

six monthly report on the status of

compliance of the stipulated EC

conditions including result of monitored

data (both in hard copies as well as by e-

mail) to the respective regional officer of

MoEF, the respective zonal office of

CPCB and the SPCB

This is First Half Yearly Compliance Report.

29 The environmental statement for each

financial year ending 31st march in form

-V as is mandated to be submitted by the

project proponent to the concern state

pollution control board as prescribed

under the environment ( protection )

rules ,1986 ,as amended subsequently ,

shall also be put on the website of the

company along with the status of

compliance of EC conditions and shall

also be sent the respective regional office

of MoEF by e-mail .

Environmental Statement in Form -V is

Regularly being submitted.

27



4. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

4.1. Introduction

The EIA determines the environmental consequences of the project prior to construction, assess

the impact on environment due to construction, on existing baseline environmental parameters

and also importantly on land use and socio-economic parameters. Baseline study is an integral

part of EIA study, as it helps to identify the environmental concerns already existing in that area.

The entire baseline data has been collected through actual physical surveys and observations,

literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies and departments.

This chapter describes the existing environmental settings in the study area. The purposes of

describing the environmental settings of the study area are:

To understand the project need and environmental characteristics of the area

To assess the existing environmental quality, as well as the environmental impacts due to

the proposed development around the study area

To identify environmentally significant factors or geographical areas that could preclude

any future development

The baseline data has been ascertained for the environmental components to be considered in

general to industrial projects: land, groundwater, surface water, marine, air and meteorology,

noise, biology, socio economic and occupational health, solid waste and public utilities.

The establishment of baseline for different environmental components in the designated study

area and at the project site has been conducted by field monitoring/investigation for baseline data

generation. The data generation was carried out covering Ambient Air Quality, Noise Levels,

Water Quality, Land Use, Soil Quality, Ecology, Hydrology and Socio-economic features.

Besides, additional data/information regarding water availability, ecology, demographic pattern

and socio-economic conditions were also collected from secondary sources.

28



4.2. Details of Study area

Kurkumbh is a well developed industrial area of the MIDC near Daund Town. The MIDC area,

adjacent to the Kurkumbh village, is one of the 13 chemical industrial areas developed by MIDC.

The Kurkumbh Industrial area is under the jurisdiction of Daund taluka (about 9 km) and under

Dist. Pune (about 65 km). The area is surrounded by agriculture land. Kurkumbh area has well

developed road and rail network, which is connected to Pune - Solapur National Highway 9 (on1

km) and Central Railway (Daund Junction) on 9.8 km.

No sanctuary, national park or ecologically sensitive area is situated within 10 km radius of

Kurkumbh MIDC. Study area of 10 km radial distance was selected for collection of primary

baseline data (Figure 4.1). Baseline monitoring was conducted during summer of 2016 (March

to May).

Figure 4.1: Study area covering the 10km around the project site

29



4.3. Topography

The Pune district forms part of Western Ghat and Deccan Plateau. Physiographically the district

can be divided in to three distinct belts i.e. (1) Western belt stretching from 16 to 31 km east of

Sahayadri- an extremely rugged country cut by deep valleys, divided and crossed by hill ranges.

(2) The central belt extending for about 30 km east of western belt across the tract whose eastern

belt is roughly marked by a line drawn from Pabal in the north to south up to Purandhar through

Pune. In this belt a series of small hills stretch in to valleys and large spurs from Plateau and (3)

the eastern belt with a rolling topography and low hills sinking slowly in to the plains with

relatively broader valleys. Therefore, the physiography of the district has given rise to four major

characteristic land forms namely; (1) The hills and Ghats (2) The foot hills (3) the plateau and

(4) the plains. The district has three major drainage systems namely (1) The Bhima – Ghod River

System in northern, north-eastern and eastern part of which Bhima River has a total length of

about 355 km. (2) Mula-Mutha River System covering the central part and having total length of

242 km in the district. (3) Nira River system covering south, south-east and eastern part and has

total length of about 231 km in the district.

As per the Seismic Zone classification by IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002, Kurkumbh MIDC falls under

Seismic Zone III (Figure 4.2) which falls under Moderate Risk Zone.

Figure 4.2: Seismic Zones of India as per IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002

30



4.4. Hydrogeology

The entire area of the district is underlain by the basaltic lava flows of upper Cretaceous to lower

Eocene age. The shallow alluvial formation of recent age also occurs as narrow stretch along the

major rivers flowing in the area. Central Ground Water Board monitors water levels in 43

Ground Water Monitoring wells (GWMW) in the district. These GWMW are measured four

times in a year Viz. January (Rabi Season), May (Pre-monsoon), August (Monsoon) and

November (Post-Monsoon).

The premonsoon depth to water level monitored during May-2011 ranges between 0.40 m.bgl (at

Chinchwad) in west-central part and 20.10 mbgl (at Otur) in northern part of the district. It is

observed that in western half of the district where more rainfall occurs, depth to water level

during pre-monsoon season is less than 5 mbgl. Depth to water level in eastern and south-eastern

part of district is reported between 5 to 10 m bgl excepting in part of Daund, Baramati and

Indapur talukas where canal irrigation system is applied. In isolated pockets depth to water level

is occurring more than 10 mbgl in central parts (parts of Pune and Daund talukas) and northern

parts (parts of Junnar taluka). Pre Monsoon depth to Water level Map is given in Figure 4.3.

The depth to water level in district during post-monsoon (Nov.2011) varies from 0.65 at

Dorlewadi to 15.65 m bgl at Otur. Shallow water level of less than 2 m bgl is reported in almost

entire western part, in central part (parts of Shirur and Khed talukas) and in southeastern part

(parts Daund and Baramati talukas) of the district. In major part of the district in central, northern

and southern parts the water level is occurring between 2 to 5 m bgl. Deeper water levels of more

than 10 m bgl are restricted in extreme norhtern parts of the district (part of Junnar taluka). The

post monsoon depth to water level map is depicted in Figure 4.3.

31



Source: Central Ground Water Board Report

Figure 4.3: Groundwater Levels in Pune District

4.5. Land Use/Land Classification (LULC)

Mapping of land use and land cover was carried out for proposed site along the coast by using

remote sensing satellite data which mandatory similar to preliminary site survey. Comprehensive

and chronological land use and land cover information is very vital for efficient management of

land resources and protection of conservation site, if any. In addition to this, remote sensing

technology allows constant monitoring with time and past history of any particular area with

relative ease. RESOURCESAT-2 cloud free data has been used for land use / land cover of the

study area (10 km radius from the proposed site). No any additional land acquisition from local

public or private parties is envisaged. The environmental sensitive areas as mentioned in Part 9

(III) of Form 1 of EIA Notification 2006, of the project site covering 10 km aerial distances were

verified during the primary data collection through site visit.

4.5.1. Satellite Image Analysis

Satellite data as per following details was used to study LULC. Figure 4.4 shows false colour

composite map of 10 km radius area from project site.

• Landsat: 8

• Sensor: OLI TIRS

• Path: 144

• Row: 53

32



• Date of acquisition: 29.11.2015

Figure 4.4: FCC composite map 10 km buffer for AACL Kurkumbh

4.5.2. LULC Details

The digital classification technique has been used for the extraction of the landuse/landcover

information from the imagery. A number of different landuse/ landcover classes are identified in

the area under study. Table 4.1 shows the information about the extent of landuse / landcover

classes in the study area. Satellite data was classified using supervised classification technique.

Maximum likelihood algorithm classifier was used for the analysis. The scenes were individually

classified and then were integrated to get a composite classified output. After aggregation, the

final classified output was converted in raster format. Seven landuse/ landcover classes are

identified in total 10 km radius area around project site (Figure 4.5).

33



Figure 4.5: Land use land cover map 10km radius

Table 4.1: Land use land cover map 10 km radius

LULC Class Area(Sq. Km) %

Scrub Land 90.43 26.86

Open Land 108.68 32.28

Agriculture 77.39 22.99

Fallow Land 48.53 14.42

Quarry 1.58 0.47

Built-up land 7.08 2.10

Water body 2.95 0.88

Total Area 336.64 100.00

34



4.6. Soil

Soil is a vital natural resource, the proper use of which greatly determines the capability of life

supporting system and the socio economic development of the people by providing food, fiber,

fodder & fuel formatting the basic needs of human & animals. Alluvium occurs in small areas

along banks and flood plains of major rivers like Bhima, Ghod, Mula, Mutha and their

tributaries. In alluvium the granular detrital material like sand and gravel usually occurring as

thin layer in the district yields water. Basaltic lava flows occupies more than 95% of the area of

the district. These flows are normally horizontally disposed over a wide stretch and give rise to

table land type of topography also known a plateau. These flows occur in layered sequences

ranging in thickness from 7 to 45 m and represented by massive unit at the bottom and vesicular

unit at the top of the flow.

Representative soil samples from study area were collected at 8 locations as shown in Figure

4.7. Results of soil analysis are presented in Table 4.2. Laboratory monitoring reports are

attached as Annexure IV.

Figure 4.6: Map Showing Soil Sampling Locations

35



Table 4.2: Soil Quality in Study Area

Sr. No. Parameter Unit Project Site North of Site Mukadamwadi Rotigaon Maladgaon Patas Patas Lake

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7

01. Colour - Dark Brown Dark Brown Dark Brown Brown Blackish Brown

Grayish Brown Light Brown

02. Bulk Density kg/m3 1103 1123 1201 1293 1318 1175 1217

03. pH -- 8.01 7.91 7.5 7.98 7.71 7.96 7.61

04. Electrical Conductivity mS/cm 0.642 0.56 3.43 0.302 1.946 0.671 1.437

05. Moisture Content % 9.1 1.42 2.1 0.9 2 2.5 1.7

06. Organic Matter % 1.1 1 1.1 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.5

07. Total Organic Carbon % 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.3

08. Cation

Exchange Capacity

meq/100g 25.9 32.3 26.8 31.7 24.9 20.6 27

09. Calcium as Ca mg/kg 112 128 736 160 304 176 272

10. Magnesium as Mg mg/kg 19 39 233 19 107 39 126

11. Sodium as Na mg/kg 107 48 323 35 395 65 237

12. Potassium as K mg/kg 3 17 38 9 23 112 22

13. Exchangeable

Calcium as Ca

mol/kg 0.205 0.409 0.534 0.185 0.49 0.594 0.39

14. Exchangeable Magnesium

as Mg mol/kg 0.13 0.265 0.265 0.155 0.26 0.28 0.305

36



15. Exchangeable

Sodium as Na

mol/kg 0.016 0.013 0.032 0.019 0.039 0.037 0.025

16. Exchangeable Potassium as

K mol/kg 0.003 0.008 0.009 0.004 0.01 0.039 0.006

17. Available Nitrogen as N kg/ha 190 196 207 197 206 192 161

18. Available

Phosphorous as P2O5

kg/ha 8 34 131 14 35 136 12

19. Available

Potassium as K2O

kg/ha 197 487 432 282 512 246 716

20. Cadmium as Cd mg/kg <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

21. Chromium as Cr mg/kg 38 32 29 21 29 29 18

22. Copper as Cu mg/kg 182 111 158 259 173 106 110

23. Cobalt as Co mg/kg 101 10 111 11 106 10 10

24. Nickel as Ni mg/kg 33 34 27 21 31 24 22

25. Lead as Pb mg/kg <10 <10 <10 <9 <10 <10 <10

26. Manganese as Mn mg/kg 403 446 538 553 1480 360 245

27. Zinc as Zn mg/kg 54 45 66 77 57 49 46

28. Iron Fe mg/kg 44899 41337 35311 60862 41137 24285 29025

37



4.7. Meteorology

The climate of the district is on the whole is agreeable. The winter season is from December to

about the middle of February followed by summer season which last up to May. June to

September is the south-west monsoon season, whereas October and November constitute the

post-monsoon season. The mean minimum temperature is about 12°C and mean maximum

temperature is about 39°C.

The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 468 mm to 4659 mm. It is

minimum in the eastern part of the district around Daund (468 mm), Baramati (486 mm) and

Jujuri (494 mm). This increases towards west and reaches a maximum around Khandala (4659

mm) in the western ghat. The Chances of receiving normal rainfall are maximum (50 to 55%) in

eastern part around Indapur and Daund, in the central part around Pune city and small area

around Junnar in northern part of the district. Rainfall analysis also indicates occurrence of

drought prone area in eastern, southern, south-eastern, central and north western part around

Indapur, Baramati, Jujuri, Daund, Talegaon, Damdhare, Alandi, Shirur and Bhore covering about

50% area of the district.

4.8. Ambient Air Quality

Eight sampling stations were selected in the study area of around the project for air quality

monitoring. Monitoring location details are delineated in Table 4.3. The Monitoring locations

are shown in Figure: 4.8.

Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Details

Location Code Location Name Distance Direction

A1 Project Site - -

A2 Staff Colony 3.2 km East

A3 Mukadamwadi 1 km South

A4 Jiregaon 5.1 km Southeast

A5 Rotigaon 3.1 km Southwest

A6 Patas 6 km Northwest

38



A7 Khatalwasti 5.1 km Northeast

A8 Girim 7.6 km Northeast

Figure 4.7: Wind Rose Diagram of Study Area

39



Figure 4.8: Map Showing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Parameters like PM 2.5, PM10, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and Carbon

Monoxide (CO) were monitored during the monitoring period, 24 hourly samples were collected

twice a week for summer season (March to May 2016). Ambient air quality of study area was

compared with secondary data of as well as National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Summary

of ambient air quality in comparison with secondary data is given in Table 4.4. Laboratory

monitoring reports are attached as Annexure V.

Table 4.4: Summary of Ambient Air Quality in Study Area

Station PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOx CO

A1

Average 71 36 23 29 1.53

Min. 64 28 19 20 1.1

Max. 80 44 28 36 2

A2 Average 70 36 21 24 1.1

40



Min. 65 25 17 17 0.7

Max. 76 45 26 29 1.5

A3

Average 65 32 15 22 0.6

Min. 57 24 11 13 0.4

Max. 75 42 20 35 0.8

A4

Average 63 32 16 21 0.5

Min. 56 24 12 17 0.3

Max. 71 42 21 27 0.8

A5

Average 63 32 19 21 0.32

Min. 55 25 11 15 0.2

Max. 74 42 27 34 0.4

A6

Average 68 35 19 26 0.94

Min. 57 24 12 17 0.2

Max. 77 45 25 34 1.5

A7

Average 61 30 13 18 0.25

Min. 55 24 10 11 0.1

Max. 68 38 17 25 0.4

A8

Average 64 32 16 21 0.25

Min. 56 25 11 14 0.1

Max. 73 42 23 30 0.4

CPCB Standards 100 60 80 80 4

Values of PM10 in the background environment ranged from 55 µg/m3 to 80 µg/m3. Average

values of PM10 found to be around 61 to 71 µg/m3 was observed to be within the permissible

limit of 100 µg/m3. The values of PM2.5 range from 24 µg/m3 to 45 µg/m3. The average values of

PM2.5 were 30 to 36 µg/m3 and found to be within NAAQ standard of 60 µg/m3. The values of

Sulfur dioxide levels were found to vary from 10 µg/m3 to 28 µg/m3. The SO2 emissions in the

study area may be attributed to the operations of existing industries in MIDC. However, the

41



values of SO2 were found to be well within NAAQ standard of 80 µg/m3. The value of Nitrogen

oxide ranged from 11 µg/m3 to 36 µg/m3. The values of oxides of Nitrogen were observed to be

well within the NAAQ standard of 80µg/m3.The value of CO ranged from 0.1 µg/m3 to 2 µg/m3.

The values of CO were observed to be well within the NAAQ standard of 4 µg/m3.

4.9. Noise Levels

The noise levels were monitored at eight locations selected for AAQ monitoring on an hourly

basis during the study period. A digital noise level meter of Lutron make was used to record the

noise levels. Leq day and Leq night noise levels were derived and reported accordingly. Day

time was considered as 1000 hrs to 2200 hrs and night time as 2200 hrs to 0600 hrs. The day

time and night time equivalent noise levels at selected locations are given in Table

4.5.Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as Annexure VI.

The proposed project site is located within industrial area. Permissible noise limits for industrial

area prescribed by CPCB are 75 dB(A) during day time and 70 dB(A) during night time.

Recorded noise levels were observed to be within limits.

Table 4.5: Summary of Noise level in Study Area

Station N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8

Day Leq 68.9 50.9 52.6 53 51.9 53 52.9 50.3

Night Leq 62.9 41.4 41.9 40.5 40.5 41.7 40.9 39.2

4.10. Water Environment

No water bodies exist at project site. Surface water samples were collected from eight locations

from various ponds in study area. While groundwater samples were collected from seven bore

wells. Locations of surface water sample and groundwater sample collection are shown in

Figure 4.9and Figure 4.10, respectively. Detailed surface water and groundwater analysis is

given in Table 4.6 and 4.7, respectively. Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as

Annexure VII. From surface water analysis it is evident that water in ponds are not suitable for

drinking purpose. Water need to be disinfected before human consumption.

42



Figure 4.9: Map Showing Surface and Groundwater Sampling Locations

Table 4.6: Surface Water Quality in Study Area

Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 1 pH* - 7.1 7.14 7.01 6.92 2 Electrical Conductivity* mS/cm 403 1184 185 225 3 Temperature 0C 26.9 27.2 26.4 25.9 4 Total Dissolved Solids* mg/L 262 760 120 146 5 Total Suspended Solids* mg/L 68 78 12 18 6 Total Solids mg/L 330 788 132 164 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3

* mg/L 176 316 88 100 8 Residual Free Chlorine mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 9 Ammonical Nitrogen NH3-N* mg/L <2 <2 <2 <2 10 Oil & Grease mg/L <2 <2 <2 <2 11 Fluoride as F- mg/L 0.72 1.1 0.53 0.95 12 Nitrate as NO3

--N mg/L 0.91 0.51 <0.05 0.23 13 Chlorides as Cl-* mg/L 32 216 9 15

43



14 Sulphates as SO4-2 mg/L 36 212 17 22

15 Copper as Cu* mg/L <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 16 Manganese as Mn* mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 17 Iron as Fe* mg/L <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 18 Zinc as Zn* mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 19 BOD @ 27 0C, 3 days mg/L 2.1 <2 <2 <2 20 Chemical Oxygen Demand* mg/L 16 12 8 8 21 Dissolved Oxygen* mg/L 6 6.1 6.2 6.2 22 Arsenic as As* mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 23 Cadmium as Cd* mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 24 Chromium as Cr mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 25 Lead as Pb* mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 26 Boron as B mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 27 Mercury as Hg* mg/L <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 28 Fecal coliform MPN/100mL 4 9 12 13 29 E-coli MPN/100mL Present Present Present Present

Table 4.7: Ground Water Quality in Study Area

Sr. No. Parameter Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 1 Colour Hazen < 5 < 5 < 5 2 Odour - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3 Temperature 0C 25.3 26.6 26.8 4 pH* - 7.08 7.38 7.19 5 Electrical Conductivity* mS/cm 1778 1523 422 6 Turbidity NTU 2.2 5.3 0.8 7 Total Dissolved Solids* mg/L 1150 990 274 8 Calcium Hardness as CaCO3

* mg/L 368 312 114 9 Total Hardness as CaCO3

* mg/L 668 448 196

10 Phenolphthalein Alkalinity as CaCO3

* mg/L <1 <1 <1

11 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3* mg/L 381 372 193

12 Nitrate as NO3--N mg/L 5.2 0.27 1.27

44



13 Total Phosphate as PO4-3 mg/L 0.03 0.03 0.06

14 Calcium as Ca* mg/L 148 125 46 15 Magnesium as Mg* mg/L 73 33 20 16 Chlorides as Cl-* mg/L 231 229 15 17 Iron as Fe* mg/L <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 18 Zinc as Zn* mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 19 Sulphates as SO4

-2 mg/L 245 190 36 20 Fluoride as F- mg/L 0.91 1.42 0.83 21 Boron as B mg/L 0.22 0.25 <0.1 22 Total coliform MPN/100mL 110 500 50 23 Fecal coliform MPN/100mL <2 4 <2 24 E-coli MPN/100mL Absent Absent Absent

4.11. Ecology

The study area comprises of Central Deccan Plateau characterized by Dry Deciduous Forests

make up a large eco-region that is neither exceptionally species rich nor high in numbers of

endemic species. Structurally, the dry forests in this eco-region have an upper canopy at 15-

25 meters (m) and an understory at 10-15 m. Lianas drape the trees in mature forests, but the

undergrowth is sparse. The characteristic tree association is Hardwickia binata, Albizia amara

inwood land with Tectona grandis, Boswellia serrata, Lannea coromandelica, Anogeissus

latifolia, Albizia lebbek, Lagerstroemia parvifolia and Acacia catechu. Other commonly

occurring species are Ziziphus mauritiana (Ber), Carissa carandas (Karwand), Alysicarpus

bupleurifolius, Cyathocline purpurea, Eriocauion diane, Merremia emarginata, Cucumis melo,

Cyperus kyllingia, Striga densiflora, Mareilea minuta.

The area sustains grassland fauna such as Gazelia bennetti (Chinkara), Canis lupus (Wolf),

Vulpes bengalensis (Indian Fox).

45



Table 4.8: List of Dominant Flora Observed in Study Area

Sr.

No. Common Name Botanical Name Family

1 Arjun Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae

2 Aamba Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae

3 Aonla Emblica Officinalis Fuphorbiaceae

4 Anjani Memecylon edule Combretaceae

5 Aen Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae

6 Anjan Hardwickia binata Caesalpinaceae

7 Asana Bridelia retusa Euphoribiaceae

8 Babhul Acacia Arabica Minosoideae

9 Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae

10 Bahao Cassia fistula Caesalpinaceae

11 Bar Ficus bengalensis Moraceae

12 Bore Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae

13 Chandan Santalum album Santalaceae

14 Chinch Tamarindus indica Caesalpineae

15 Dhawda Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae

16 Govinda Diaoapyros Montana Ebebaceae

17 Jambhul Syzygium cimini, Myrataceae

18 Kalambh Mitragyna paryifolia Rubaceae

19 Kathgular Ficus hispida Moraceae

20 Karanj Pohgamia pinnata Fabaceae

21 Karwat Ficus asepirima Moraceae

22 Moh Madhuca indica Sapotaceae

23 Neem Azadirachta inica Meliaceae

24 Peepal Ficus religiosa Urticaceae

25 Ritha Sapindus emarginatue Sapindaceae

46



26 Sativan Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae

27 Umber Ficus glomerata Moraceae

28 Wad Ficus bengalensis Moraceae

29 Amaltash Cassia fistula Leguminosae

30 Kakai Flacourtia indica Bixaceae

31 Kachnar Bauhinia variegata Leguminosae

32 Kathjamun Syzygium heyneanum Mytraceae

33 Bor Zizophus mauratiana Rhamnaceae

34 Peru Psidium guava Myrtaceae

Table 4.9: List of Dominant Fauna Recorded in Study Area

No. Local Name English Name Scientific Name Schedule

Mammals

1 Chinkara Indian gazelle Gazella gazelle bennetti I

2 Landga Indian Wolf Canis lupas pallipes I

3 Kolha Jackal Canis aureus II

4 Khokad Fox Vulpes bengalensis II

5 Sayal Spiny Anteaters, Tachyglossus

6 Sasa Common Hare Lepus refieeandatus IV

7 Mungoos Indian mongoose Herpastes edwardsi II

Birds

1 Titar Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus III

2 Mor Pea fowl Pavo cristatus I

3 Myna, Salunki Common Myna Acridotheres trists IV

4 Kokil Koyal Endynamys scolopacea IV

5 Chimani Sparrow Passeridae IV

6 Holla Red turtle dove Strptonelia fransquebarica IV

7 Sugaran Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus IV

47



8 Tambat Coppersmith Barbet Megalaima haemacephala IV

9 Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus IV

4.12. Socio-economy

Socio-economic profile is an important part of the Environment Impact Assessment of any

developmental project. This section studies the socio-economic profile of the 10 km radius area

for the Alkyl Amines and analyses the baseline status as well as assess the social impacts of the

projects in the influence area and try to suggest mitigation measures to the adverse impacts of the

project. The socio-economic aspects in general, divided into economy, demography, education,

health & infrastructure in the study area.

Pune District: Basic Information

Pune District is situated in Maharashtra state of India. The district has geographical area of

15642 sq. km. and is administratively divided into 5 sub division and 14 talukas. According to

the 2011 census Pune District has a population of 9.42 million representing 8.38% of the state

population is 4th populous district in the country. The district has a population density of 603

persons per sq. km. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.34%. Pune

district has a sex ratio of 910 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 87.19%. There

are around 1,877 villages in the district with 35 towns.

Table 4.10: Demographic Attributes for Pune District

1. Area 15642 km2

2. Population 9.42 million

3. Decadal Growth rate 30.34%

4. Male population 4.92 million

5. Female population 4.50 million

6. Density of population (persons per sq. km.) 603

7. Sex Ratio (females per 1000 males) 910

8. Literacy 87.19

48



9. Male literacy 92.72 %

10. Female literacy 81.13 %

11. Urban Population 60.89%

Source: District Census Handbook, Census of India 2011

Study area

The study area for socio economic assessment was defined as an area within 10 km radius around

the proposed project site as per the statutory requirement of the Ministry of Environment &

Forest. Designation of impact zone is based on the EIA guidance manual.

The project site is located in the MIDC Kurkumbh in Village Kurkumbh Taluka Daund in District

Pune. The 10 km radius study area is spread over the taluka of Daund. There are total 21 villages

and one town in the study area. The location is essential rural with moderate in habitation. The

nearest town Daund is about 9.5 km from the project site towards North east.

Methodology

The data for the project is collected from secondary sources. The secondary data was collected

from the sources such as Census of India, 2011, District Statistical Handbook and other relevant

sources in respect to population, infrastructure facilities available and the occupational structures

of the study area. The socio-ecological aspect of the study include the agro based economy,

industry based economy and occupational structure of the workers.

Demography

As per the 2011 Census of India, the Total population of the study area is 121,086 persons living

in 24,882 households. Population size in villages ranges from 564 persons in Malwadi village to

17,495 in Patas village. There are 49,450 persons in the town of Daund. Population within the

age class 0-6 year accounts for 12.13% of the total population of study area.

49



Table 4.11: Demographic Characteristics of the study area

Villages/

Town

No. of

HHs

Total

Population

Male

Population

Female

Population

Sex

Ratio

Population

(0-6)

Size of

HH

Gar 250 1339 701 638 910 168 5

Betwadi 459 2255 1186 1069 901 283 5

Navingar 327 1550 803 747 930 214 5

Patas 3570 17495 9016 8479 940 2132 5

Virobawadi 441 2186 1117 1069 957 246 5

Kusegaon 553 2832 1502 1330 885 312 5

Hinganigada 379 1889 966 923 955 211 5

Roti 213 1010 531 479 902 123 5

Kurkumbh 1268 5322 2788 2534 909 751 4

Pandharewad

i 714 3067 1624 1443 889 454 4

Jiregaon 418 2078 1078 1000 928 272 5

Wasunde 368 1727 882 845 958 159 5

Nanwij 367 1770 917 853 930 199 5

Sonwadi 714 3969 2127 1842 866 528 6

Girim 1110 5951 3129 2822 902 787 5

Gopalwadi 1515 7211 3714 3497 942 907 5

Masanarwadi 392 2096 1101 995 904 247 5

Malwadi 120 564 299 265 886 75 5

Mergalwadi 297 1774 969 805 831 194 6

Kauthadi 263 1310 680 630 926 186 5

Ravangaon 856 4241 2167 2074 957 515 5

Daund (M

Cl) 10288 49450 25117 24333 969 5721 5

Total 24882 121086 62414 58672 940 14684 5 Source: Census of India 2011

50



Sex ratio is one of the important indices of women's health and position in any society. The

demographic characteristics of the study area are depicted in Table 4.11. Average sex ratio for

the study area is 940 females per 1000 males, which is not very high as compares to other parts

of the state. Studies have shown that the reason for high sex ratio is due to huge male migration

to the study area because of MIDC in Kurkumbh and job availability is very high in the

manufacturing sector. The child sex ratio in the study area is 886 female child per 1000 male

child. There are 24,882 households in the study area and the average size of household is 5

members per household.

According to the 2011 census, the ratio of scheduled caste population in the study area to the

total population is 16.50% which is low as compared to the SC population in the district which is

23.98%. whereas the scheduled tribe population in the study area is 2.18% which is very low as

compared to the ST population of the district which is 7.09%. Theoverallpercentage

ofscheduledcasteandscheduledtribepopulationofthe study areais low.Together theyconstitute

only 18.68%oftotalpopulationofthestudyareawithin10kmradius. This can be observed in Table

2. Mahar (neo-buddhist), matang and chambhar are some of key scheduled caste found in the

study area. Similarly Bhil and Thakar is the prominent scheduled tribe found in the study area.

Literacy Rate

In the study area the average literacy rate is 81.96%, whereas the male literacy is 87.51% and

female literacy is 76.11% in the study area. The average literacy rate of the study area is low as

compared to the literacy rate of district which is 86.15%, whereas the male literacy (90.84%) and

female literacy (81.05) is also high in the district. The female literacy rate is low in the study

area, which is a pan India phenomena. The detailed education status has been mentioned in the

Table 4.12.

51



Table 4.12: No. of Literates and Illiterates and Literacy Rate within 10 km radius

Villages/ Town Total

Population

No. of

Literates

No. of

Illiterates

Literacy

Rate

Male

Literacy

Rate

Female

Literacy

Rate

Gar 1339 943 396 80.53 86.70 73.84

Betwadi 2255 1524 731 77.28 84.90 69.12

Navingar 1550 989 561 74.03 82.62 64.98

Patas 17495 11719 5776 76.28 83.17 68.99

Virobawadi 2186 1428 758 73.61 81.16 65.68

Kusegaon 2832 1976 856 78.41 85.89 70.10

Hinganigada 1889 1239 650 73.84 81.08 66.47

Roti 1010 738 272 83.20 91.34 74.35

Kurkumbh 5322 3859 1463 84.42 88.58 79.82

Pandharewadi 3067 2131 936 81.55 85.51 77.21

Jiregaon 2078 1345 733 74.47 83.69 64.65

Wasunde 1727 1212 515 77.30 85.44 68.87

Nanwij 1770 1392 378 88.61 93.35 83.70

Sonwadi 3969 2694 1275 78.29 86.63 68.78

Girim 5951 3742 2209 72.46 79.74 64.43

Gopalwadi 7211 5378 1833 85.31 90.08 80.30

Masanarwadi 2096 1396 700 75.50 83.28 67.04

Malwadi 564 372 192 76.07 81.60 69.74

Mergalwadi 1774 1195 579 75.63 82.48 67.41

Kauthadi 1310 835 475 74.29 81.99 65.99

Ravangaon 4241 2854 1387 76.60 84.36 68.58

Daund (M Cl) 49450 38244 11206 87.46 91.45 83.37

Total 121086 87205 33881 81.96 87.51 76.11

52



Working Population

About 41.44% of the total population is engaged as total workers in various types of works like

cultivation, agriculture, households industry, others etc (Table 4.13). Of the total workers, nearly

88.05% are main workers, and 11.95% are marginal workers. Out of the total main workers,

male main workers are 69.34% and 30.66% are female main workers.

Table 4.13: Status of working population in the study area

Villages/

Town

Total

Population

Total Workers and Types of Workers Work

Participation

rate

Total

workers

Main

workers

Marginal

Workers

Non

Workers

Gar 1339 515 457 58 824 38.46

Betwadi 2255 1165 939 226 1090 51.66

Navingar 1550 923 895 28 627 59.55

Patas 17495 8248 7407 841 9247 47.14

Virobawadi 2186 969 747 222 1217 44.33

Kusegaon 2832 1425 1400 25 1407 50.32

Hinganigada 1889 1058 1002 56 831 56.01

Roti 1010 512 421 91 498 50.69

Kurkumbh 5322 2130 1828 302 3192 40.02

Pandharewadi 3067 1461 1418 43 1606 47.64

Jiregaon 2078 1031 663 368 1047 49.62

Wasunde 1727 949 868 81 778 54.95

Nanwij 1770 587 578 9 1183 33.16

Sonwadi 3969 1674 1295 379 2295 42.18

Girim 5951 3186 3133 53 2765 53.54

Gopalwadi 7211 2723 2652 71 4488 37.76

Masanarwadi 2096 947 878 69 1149 45.18

Malwadi 564 335 244 91 229 59.40

53



Mergalwadi 1774 624 608 16 1150 35.17

Kauthadi 1310 756 538 218 554 57.71

Ravangaon 4241 2309 2263 46 1932 54.44

Daund (M Cl) 49450 16655 13951 2704 32795 33.68

Total 121086 50182 44185 5997 70904 41.44

Of the total main workers, cultivators (29.88%) and agricultural labour (15.69%) together

constitute 45.57% of the total main workers. Whereas the proportion of total workers in other

economic categories is highest as 51.98% of the population in the study area is engaged in

manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs, trade and commerce as the study area

comprises of MIDC Kurkumbh and Daund town. On the contrary, the agricultural sector has

absorbed only 45.57 of the total main workers.

Urban Rural Population

Out of the total population of study area, only 40.84% live in urban region of the study which is

considerably low as compared to the urban population ratio of the district (60.99%). The study

area consists of 21 villages, 1 town within the 10 km radius area. The study area has both rural

and urban population but we can say that the area is rural in nature.

54



5. IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Major element involved in the process of Environmental Impact Assessment study is the

identification of impacts, as it leads to other elements such as quantification and evaluation of

impacts. Although, in general, a number of impacts have been identified while describing the

baseline environmental status, it is necessary at this stage to identify the critical impacts that are

likely due to proposed alcohol manufacturing project of AACL for various components of the

environment.

Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline status of environmental quality to derive the

ultimate scenario of environmental conditions. The quantitative prediction of impacts lead to

delineate suitable environmental plan needed for implementation during operational phase in

order to mitigate the adverse impact on environmental quality.

The activities at the existing and proposed AACL complex and their impact on various

environmental components like air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-economic have been

assessed and evaluated in this chapter.

The evaluation of impacts on various environmental components is done for the existing

activities as well as prediction of impacts for the proposed project also assessed and enumerated

as under.

5.1. Impact on Air Environment

The impacts on air environment from proposed manufacturing facility depend on various factors

like production capacity, types of processes involved, type of raw material used, control

technology in use and operation & maintenance. Apart from the above, there will be other

activities associated with any industrial project, viz. transportation of raw materials and finished

products, storage facilities and material handling within the plant premises which may contribute

significantly to air pollution. Generally, intermediate project comprises besides process units

several onsite and offsite facilities, viz. storage of tank farms as primary feed stock and other

organic liquid chemicals, intermediates and marketable products etc.

The impacts on air environment from any industrial project are also governed by terrain

conditions and the prevailing micro-meteorological conditions in the project region

55



5.1.1. Emissions from Existing and Proposed Project-

Table 5.1: Details of Existing Stack

Sr.

No.

Stack Attached

to

APC

System

Height

in m

Diameter

/size (m)

Gas Qty

nm3/hr

(approx)

Gas

Temp

°C

Exit Gas

Velocity

Nature of

pollutant

Type of

Fuel

Quantity

& UoM S%

SO2

Kg/Day

1 Ethylene Vent,

MMP2 Stack 15.00 0.08 435.00 Ambient 25.00 Ethylene NA .. .. ..

2 H2 plant PSA

vent Scrubber 15.00 0.15 1200.00 40.00 18.00 CO2, H2 NA .. .. ..

3 Process HCL

Scrubber Scrubber 6.00 0.15 600.00 Ambient 9.50

HCL in

ppm NA .. .. ..

4 DG1 320 KVA Stack 3.60 170mm NA NA NA PM HSD 60 Lit/hr 0.3 6.9

5 DG2 1000 KVA Stack 7.82 250mm NA NA NA PM HSD 210 Lit/hr 0.3 24.2

6 Bagasse/Coal

Boiler ESP 60.00 2000mm 1260.00 116.00 5.47

SO2,

CO2, PM

Bagasse/

Imported

coal/Indian

Coal

11.7/4.85

( as per

30.06.14)/

6.56(as

per

30.06.14)

Mt/hr

0.01 /

1.25 /

0.50

56.16 /

2910 /

1574

7 Acetonitrile

TFH 1 Stack 24.00 0.35 1092.00 180.00 5.00 SOX FO 76 Kg/hr 4 145.92

56



8

Acetonitrile

TFH 2(As per

EC Dated

31.03.2015)

Stack 32.00 1.00 17640

M3/Hr 132.00 6.24 SOX FO 125 Kg/hr 4 240

9

New

Bagasse/Coal

Boiler

Dust

Collector 42.00 650mm 106641.00 180-210 6.55

SO2,

CO2, PM

Bagasse/

Imported

coal/Indian

Coal

5.0 /

2.65(as

per

30.06.14)

/ 3.65(as

per

30.06.14)

Mt/hr

0.01 /

1.25 /

0.50

24.0 /

1590 /

876

10 Acetonitrile

Plant Vent Gas Scrubber 12.00 0.08 NA NA NA CO2, NH3 NA .. .. ..

11 TFH Stack 26.50

1.8 at

BTM & 1

at TOP

17000.00 180.00 5.90 SO2,

CO2, PM FO 70 Kg/hr 4 134.4

12 H2 plant TFH Stack 15.00 0.25 980.00 Ambient 5.43

CO2,

Water

Vapour

Methanol/

CO/ CO2/

H2

55 Kg/hr .. ..

13 Incinerator Scrubber 30.00 0.20 1800.00 200-250 16.00

HSD 20 Kg/hr 0.3 2.88

14 Ethyl plant Vent Scrubber 24.00 0.25 200.00 Ambient 1.10 H2,

Amine NA .. .. ..

57



15 SMPV vent Scrubber 12.00 0.30 6.00 Ambient 0.50 H2, NH3,

Amine NA .. .. ..

16 MPP-3 vent Scrubber 12.00 0.10 50.00 Ambient 7.00 H2, NH3 NA .. .. ..

17

HCl

Scrubber(As per

EC Dated

31.03.2015)

Scrubber 5.00 0.15 336 M3/Hr 29.00 5.29 HCL in

ppm NA .. .. ..

18

DG 3

1000KVA(As

per EC Dated

31.03.2015)

Stack 7.82 250mm NA NA NA PM HSD 243Lit/hr 0.3 34.99

No additional stack is proposed for alcohol manufacturing process. Existing boiler capacity is adequate for expanded production.

58



5.1.2. Air Quality Modeling

Source dispersion analysis is assumed based on AERMOD ViewTM model. This model enables

analysis with respect to PM10, SO2, NOx and CO gives results in simple to understand graphical

format. Table 5.2 illustrates series of input and some of assumptions gone into the model.

The following steps are involved in the analysis:

I. Inputs are entered into the software as per the general modeling parameters.

II. Information on the stack i.e. height, diameter, exit gas velocity, temperature and receptor

is added to the software.

III. The analysis process is done by the model.

Table 5.2: Input and Assumptions for Air Modeling

Sr. No Inputs Required Availability for

this project

1. Stack emission

parameter

Stack height Yes

Stack diameter Yes

Flue gas velocity Yes

Exit gas temperature Yes

2. Meteorological

Parameters

Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Cloud

Cover, Temperature, Humidity, Station

Pressure, etc.

Onsite

monitoring

3. Emission

Parameters Expressed in grams/second emitted US-EPA, AP42

4. Receptor Location Uniform grid Uniform grid

Methodology

For the stack proposed on site details procured from Emission Regulations – Part IV, CPCB’86

was utilized for emissions estimation. Widespread method based on the data available was to use

emissions in terms of pollutant mass per second emitted.

59



Data collection

The stack details and flue gas characteristics are provided in Table 5.3– Process stacks and

Table 5.4– DG stacks.

Table 5.3: Process Stack and flue gas emissions details

Parameters Unit

Bagasse /

Coal fired

Boiler 1

New

Bagasse /

Coal fired

Boiler 2

Acetonitrile

TFH 1

Acetonitrile

TFH 2 TFH

Stack height m 60.0 42.0 24.0 32.0 26.5

Stack diameter m 2.0 0.65 0.35 1.0 1.0

Exit gas velocity m/s 5.5 6.6 5.0 6.2 5.9

Exit gas temperature °C 116 210 180 132 180

Fuel type Indian Coal (S 8.76%) Furnace Oil (S 4.5%)

Fuel requirement L/hr or

kg/hr 6560 3650 76 125 70

PM10 Emission g/sec 18.36 10.21 0.11 0.19 0.10

SO2 Emission g/sec 1.42 0.79 0.02 0.03 0.02

NOx Emission g/sec 20.04 11.15 0.12 0.20 0.11

Table 5.4: DG Stack and flue gas emissions details

Parameter PM10 (g/s) SO2 (g/s) NOx (g/s)

320 KVA (1 No.) 3.33x10-08 1.54x10-16 1.07x10-23

1000 KVA (2 No.) 2.08x10-07 3.01x10-15 6.56x10-22

Site specific wind-rose for this season is shown in Figure 4.7. For the site-specific mixing

heights CPCB document PROBES/88/2002-2003 is followed.

60



Model Inputs

AERMOD ViewTM has been used for evaluating the emission scenarios for proposed project.

The inputs to the model are defined in 5 functional pathways as represented in the following

sections. Each of these functional parameters include several options that may be user defined or

set as default, the details of some of these essential elements of AERMOD ViewTM runs have

been explained in the discussions.

A. Control pathway inputs

Default option

Emission concentration

Averaging period of 24 hr as per NAAQS pollutant type

B. Source pathway inputs

Includes definition of source, its locations

Stack source parameter include emissions (g/s)

C. Receptors pathway inputs

Cartesian grid starting at the SE corner of the ward with 2000m increment over X & Y

coordinates, thus forming a receptor output grid radius of 10km.

Uniform grid is selected with 10x10 cell size.

D. Meteorology pathways inputs

One hourly data for period that is from March’15 and May’15 was used as an input in the

meteorology processor to generate model ready one hourly input surface & profile

meteorology files.

Roughness length of 1m of measurement height, displacement height of 0.2m, Albedo of

0.2 & measurement height at which measurements of meteorology have been done.

The minimum wind speed (0.5 m/s lower than 1m/s considered as calm by IMD),

minimum mixed layer height (50m), and minimum heat flux 20 W/M2/s).

The Bowen ratio=Sensible Heat flux/Latent Heat Flux as a function of month to allow

smaller Bowen Ratios during the Indian monsoon season when the ground is wet and

latent heat fluxes become significant (from 2 in non-monsoon to 0.5 in monsoon).

The potential temperature gradient above the mixed layer (0.008 degrees/m)

61



The weather data for project site station have been used for the present project. The data

was compiled in AERMET module of AERMOD ViewTM and the results of this final

analysis were used as input meteorological data.

Output Pathway

The model has been run for 24hr average as per the pollutant type and the NAAQS standards

criteria. The contour for 1st highest reading is shown for each pollutant based on BAU scenario.

Model outputs were obtained for emissions of each of the pollutants in each of the 2km x 2km

receptor grid spread across gridded impact zone. Contour maps are plotted for each of the study

pollutants and the impact by the point source. This map is superimposed on the road tile map of

the proposed location.

Conclusion

The point source was represented in the contour plots for concentration to understand the impact

of on the study domain. Modeled pollutant concentrations for operations phase is given in Table

5.4 and dispersion trend is shown as isopleths in Figure 5.1to5.4 respectively for PM, SO2, NOX

and CO.

Table 5.4: Modeled concentrations for present scenario

Parameters Maximum Level (µg/m3) Distance from Site

PM10(24hr average) 13.9 On Site SO2(24hr average) 1.16

NOX(24hr average) 15.2

CO (1hr average) 2.27 West @ 2km

62



Figure 5.1: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM10

Figure 5.2: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for SO2

63



Figure 5.3: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for NOX

Figure 5.4: Present 1hr average emission dispersion contours for CO

64



5.2. Impact on Water Environment

Existing water requirement of AACL during operational phase 1841 m3/day and sourced from

MIDC. Existing effluent are treated in ETP and sent to Kurkumbh CETP for further treatment

and disposal. Characteristics of treated effluent are within CPCB limits. Results are attached in

compliance of earlier EC (Annexure I).

Table 5.5: Characteristics of Effluents Generated in AACL

Sr. No. Parameter Raw Effluent Treated Eff. Quality (MPCB Limits) Units

1. pH 7 – 9 6.5-8.5 --

2. B.O.D 1000 – 1500 Max. 100 Mg/lit.

3. C.O.D 2000 – 3000 Max. 250 Mg/lit.

4. T.S.S. 100 – 250 Max. 100 Mg/lit.

5. Oil & grease 3 – 5 Max. 10 Mg/lit.

No additional water is required in proposed phase. In fact alcohol manufacturing will generate

nearly 9 m3/day water which will be recycled in process. Hence, proposed alcohol manufacturing

will have positive impact on water environment by reducing water requirement.

There is no water body present near project site. No discharge in any surface water is envisaged.

As well as there will be no ground water drawl.

5.3. Impacts on Noise Levels

The three major categories of noise sources associated with facilities are (1) fixed equipment in

process operations; (2) mobile equipment in process operations; and (3) transport movements of

products, raw material or waste. The fixed plant may include a very wide range of equipment

including: generators; pumps; compressors; screens; conveyers; storage bins; or electrical

equipment. Mobile operations may include: drilling; haulage; pug mills; mobile treatment units;

and service operations. Transport movements may include truck traffic within the operation,

loading and unloading trucks and movement in and out of the facility. Any or all of these

65



activities may be in operation at any one time. Singular or multiple effects of sound generation

from these operations may constitute a potential source of noise.

The potential sources of noise associated with a development need to be identified; these are

likely to include:

• Construction noise

• Operation noise

During construction phase only prefabricated structures will be installed hence, noise levels

during construction phase are envisaged to be very low. As well as noise generated during

alcohol manufacturing will be within CPCB limits prescribed for industrial areas. Noise will be

generated due to vehicular movement during transport of raw material and finished products.

5.4. Waste Generation

As the project is an expansion project there will be very limited construction waste generation.

Minimization at all levels needs to be attempted for discarded products, empty containers,

packing surpluses, incoming raw material unloading spillages and fugitives. The factory has very

little scrap materials. All these, however, be carefully stored on raised platform with dwarf toe

walls all around, and a roof over-head. The contents should not be held in the premises for more

than a fortnight. The hazardous waste generated from the process activities shall contain

sludge/residue of acid/organic complexes/organic nitrogen. This is disposed through MEPL at

Ranjangaon. Membership certificate of CHWTSDF is attached as Annexure VIII. The details of

solid waste are as follows.

Table 5.6: Details of Waste Generation

Waste Category Existing Qty Proposed Qty Disposal

Hazardous waste

Used/ spent oil 5.1 11.000MT 0 CHWTSDF

Spent organic solvent 28.5 240.000MT 0 CHWTSDF

Distillation 20.3 320.000MT 0 CHWTSDF

66



residues

Spent carbon 34.2 2.040 MT 0 CHWTSDF

Chemical containing residue

arising from decontamination

35.3 3.000 MT 0 CHWTSDF

From pollution control facility

Chemical sludge from waste water

treatment 34.3 6.000 MT 0 CHWTSDF

Ash from incineration of

hazardous waste, flue gas cleaning

residues

36.2 2.000MT 0

Solid waste(from process)

WOVEN SAC BAG HDPE/LOT - 1.000 MT 0

CHWTSDF Sale to MPCB

authorized vendor

Wood palets 6.000 MT 0


authorized vendor

Scrap material 11.000 MT 0 CHWTSDF

Carboys plastic 1000.000 numbers 0


authorized vendor

Drums 2700.00 numbers 0


authorized vendor

67



Boiler Ash 3104.000MT 0 CHWTSDF

Non- Hazardous waste

Canteen Non hazardous 35 kg/day 0 Composting

Greenbelt

Garden trash Non hazardous 30 kg/day 0 Mulching

Greenbelt

5.5. Impacts on Ecology

No direct impact would be envisaged due to the upcoming project on nearby ecological

environment. Further greenbelt development will help to improve ecology.

5.6. Impacts of Socioeconomic Environment

The issue such as land acquisition, compensation & rehabilitation are not involved as the

proposed project would be taken inside existing industrial plot. Due to this upcoming project will

create direct or indirect positive impact on the society. The operation of the project, provide

value addition to the existing infrastructure facility such as public transport, water supply,

telecommunications, etc. The operation of project and other allied facilities, will improve the

employment opportunities. Local People will be getting direct or indirect employment due to the

proposed project. The employment will have positive impact on the local economy thereby

increasing the quality of life.

68



6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1. Purpose of Environmental Management Plan

Various purposes of the environmental management plan are

• To treat and dispose of all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet

statutory requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology.

• To support and implement development work to achieve environmental standards and to

improve the methods of environmental management.

• To promote green-belt development.

• To encourage good working conditions for employees.

• To reduce fire and accident hazards.

• Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system.

• To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program.

6.2. Air Environment

The incremental GLCs of pollutants due to the existing project have been observed tobe within

the CPCB standards.Following measures are already implemented to mitigate negative impact of

operation phase of the projecton the surrounding air environment. Regular monitoring of air

quality is done by MoEF&CC approved Lab for SPM and SO2 levels both in work zone and

ambient air in and around plant areas and the reports are submitted to MPCB along with

Environmental Report annually.

• Heights of all the stacks are maintained as per statutory requirement. All the stacks have

stack monitoring facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access

ladder.

• Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is installed to mitigate pollution.

• Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure

trouble free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms.

69



• A comprehensive plan for fugitive emission control based on CPCB guidelines is already

in place. Same will be implemented for proposed expansion.

• Existing DG sets are provided with adequate height stack. New DG set will also be

provided with adequate height stack as per MPCB norms.

No new stack is proposed in expansion phase. Hence, there will be no incremental impacts on air

quality.

6.3. Water Environment

Only prefabricated structures will be installed during proposed expansion, hence water

requirement for construction activities will be insignificant. Water quantity being small, no major

impact on existing water resources of the study area is envisaged during construction phase.

Further, there will be no housing facility at site for construction workers and hence a major

source of impact on water environment will be avoided. Proper and sufficient sanitary facilities

are provided within existing plant to maintain hygienic conditions at site. Storm water drain

compatible with the local hydrological pattern of the area are provided to carry - off any run - off

or storm water from the premises and this water will be harvested through ground water recharge

or storage. Care will be taken during construction work not to create any obstruction / dips in the

topography which can lead to accumulation of water within premises leading to undesirable

consequences like health and hygiene problems etc.

6.4. Effluent Treatment Scheme

The waste generated from process operations is collected by gravity as separate streams in two

collection tanks. The effluent from the derivative plant and other utilities is collected in one

collection tank and the effluent from Ethyl Amine and Powder plant is collected in another

collection sump. Average combined flow is 200 m3/day and is subjected to treatment in two

separate ETPs designated as old ETP and new ETP. The effluent from the derivative plant and

other utilities is treated in old ETP while effluent from Ethyl Amine and Powder plant is treated

in new ETP. Both old and new streams are treated separately by similar process such as

equalization and neutralization followed by biological oxidation. The treated and degasified

mixed liquor enters the secondary clarifier to separate the biomass. This biomass has to be

70



wasted periodically to sludge drying bed to maintain MLSS. The clarified wastewater which may

contain some refractory COD, will be collected in common intermediate tank for onward tertiary

treatment of filtration by pressure sand filter and adsorption in activated carbon. The treated

water is collected in final sump. Blow down from cooling tower is also collected in final sump.

From final sump treated effluent is disposed to MIDC CETP.

Table 6.1: Basis for Design of Effluent Treatment

Parameter Design Concentration Outlet Concentration

Flow m3/day 180 – 220 200

pH 7 – 10 6.5 – 8.5

Total Suspended Solids 150 – 250 < 100

Oil and Grease 5 – 15 < 10

BOD 800 – 1500 < 80

COD 1500 - 2700 < 250

Total Ammonical Nitrogen 100 – 300 < 40

Table 6.2: Effluent Characteristics of Existing AACL Plant

# Parameter Unit Untreated

Effluent

Treated

Effluent MPCB Limits

1 pH 7 – 9 6.9 6 – 8.5

2 Suspended Solids mg/l 100 – 250 16 Less than 100

3 COD mg/l 2000 – 3000 151 Less than 250

4 BOD mg/l 1000 – 1500 40 Less than 100

5 Oil and Grease mg/l 3 – 5 Nil Less than 10

6 TDS mg/l 1000 - 2000 1182 Less than 2000

7 Chlorides mg/l 300 – 500 300 Less than 600

8 Sulphates mg/l 200 – 800 60 Less than 1000

Detailed schematic diagram of ETP is shown in Figure 6.1.

71



Figure 6.1: Schematic Diagram of ETP Scheme

72



6.5. Noise Environment

Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts.

• Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in

good working condition.

• All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed

make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be

emphasized by company.

• Acoustic laggings and silencers will be used in equipments wherever possible.

• Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high

noise levels will also be explored.

6.6. Greenbelt Development

As the proposed expansion will be within premises no major tree cutting exercise will be there

and no major impact on ecology is anticipated. However, possibility of raising of greenbelt along

with construction activity will be explored so that greening of area can be started at the

beginning of proposed expansion project. Existing greenbelt of area 60,000 m2 is already

developed and 5570 Nos of trees are planted. No trees are expected to be cut or transplanted for

expansion.

The greenbelt development plan aims at overall improvement in the Environmental conditions of

the region. The plan with a three-fold objective addresses issues such as prevention of land

degradation due to activities during construction phase; enhancing the forest cover for increasing

the biodiversity of the region; providing aesthetic value to the project area. Tree plantation is one

of the effective remedial measures to control the Air pollution and noise pollution.

The species that have history of good survival and growth under similar site conditions shall be

planted. The native species such as Vad (Ficus benghalensis), Kanchan (Bauhinea racemosa),

Karanj (Pongamia pinnata), Neem (Azadiracta indica), Sisam (Dalbergia sissoo), Rain tree

(Samania saman), Bahava (Cassia fistula), Kadamb (Anthocephalus kadamba) and Chinch

(Tamarindus indica) shall be planted.

73



Species such as Nilgiri (Eucalyptus globules), Glyricidia, Gulmohar (Delonix regia) known for

extensively consuming groundwater shall be strictly avoided.

6.7. Occupational Health and Safety

AACL has its own Occupational Health Center near the main gate in the Plant having two rooms

with floor area of 15 m2 each as per Factory Act for management of medical & accidental

casualty. Occupational Health Center is having established infrastructural and in-house facilities

as per factory Act to ensure services to the company and contract employees in Plant. The aims

and objectives of the department is to provide a preventive, curative and supportive services to

all employees. Occupational Health Center is having two number of part time Factory Medical

Officer, and Medical Assistants & ambulance facility round the clock.

Following measures will be adopted in the plant:

• Regular inspection and maintenance of pollution control systems.

• All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters,

slogans are undertaken.

• The workers exposed to noisy sources are provided with ear muffs/plugs.

• Adequate facilities for drinking water and toilets are provided to the employees.

• The fire and safety equipments are properly utilized and maintained regularly.

• The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper

records will be kept for each worker.

• Isolated storage for all hazardous chemicals with adequate safety measures, sign board

outside storage etc.

• Fire – proof electric fittings will be used.

6.8. Budget for Environmental Management

The management will set aside adequate funds in its annual budget to fully meet the stated

objectives of the environmental policy. The capital equipment for environmental management

includes effluent treatment plant, pipelines and channels for wastewater discharge, green belt

development, and the environment laboratory.

74



Table 6.3: The Capital investment and operation & maintenance cost on EMP

Investment Total

( Existing + Additional) Capital (Rs. Lakh)

O & M cost

(Rs.Lakh)

Air Pollution Control 7.0 -

Green Belt 26.51 3.0

Laboratory Facility for Monitoring NABL accredited laboratory 3.0

ETP 114.18 39.8

STP 47.88 10.0

Occupational Health 3.4 1.0

Total 198.97 56.8

75



7. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN

This section of the report describes the time schedule and monitoring program for compliance

with the recommended mitigation measures. Methods have been designed in such a way that it is

possible for the AACL to demonstrate that the mitigation measures are effectively implemented

during construction and operation phase. The proposed monitoring plan is presented in Table

7.1.

Table 7.1: Monitoring Schedule during Construction and Operation Phase

Aspects Parameters to be monitored

Frequency of Monitoring

Locations Compliance

Air Quality PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2,

CO, NH3

Twice in a week for one season

Project Site, Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi

NAAQ Standards, 2009

Noise Levels

Day and night noise levels

Quarterly

Project Site, Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi,

CPCB Standards

Water Quality

pH, Temp, Salinity, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, Hardness, Alkalinity, Chlorides, Turbidity, Conductivity, Oil and Grease, Heavy Metals

Quarterly

Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi

IS10500: 2012

ETP Inlet

pH, SS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chlorides, Sulphates, Total Ammonical Nitrogen

Monthly Old and New ETP MPCB Standards

ETP Outlet

pH, SS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chlorides, Sulphates, Total Ammonical Nitrogen

Monthly Final ETP Sump MPCB Standards

STP TSS, BOD, Oil and Grease

Monthly STP Outlet MPCB Standards

Stack PM10, SO2 Monthly Boiler Stack, Process Stack

MPCB Standards

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Environment Monitoring Hierarchy:

AACL is aware that environmental monitoring is not a job, which can be handled without a

careful planning. The success lies if three components are simultaneously present viz. (1)

management support, (2) efficiency of the environment management cell and (3) acceptability of

resulting environmental quality, both by SPCB and by public. A structure of this plan and

hierarchy of process flow for environmental management is prepared and enclosed as logics,

which is self-explanatory. AACL will adopt this structure and hierarchy, which is akin to

principles and practice.

Figure 7.1: Structure of Environment Management Cell

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8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Introduction

This chapter discusses the alternative considerations that have been studied by AACL before

finalizing the proposed location and technology of alcohol manufacturing.

8.1. Project Requirement Alternatives







8.2. No Project Scenario

No-Project scenario discusses about the existing conditions as well as what would occur in the

foreseeable future, if the projects will not be established based on current plans. As discussed

earlier there is tremendous shortage of pure alcohol which can be used for blending in petrol.

Continual use of non-blended petrol will lead to more carbon emission.

8.3. Site Selection

Proposed manufacturing facility will be located within existing plant hence, site alternatives are

not considered.

8.4. Technology Alternatives

8.4.1. Dehydration with Entrainer Process (Azeotropic Distillation)

For manufacturing anhydrous alcohol on large scale, Cyclohexane is used as entrainer. When

94.68 % alcohol is mixed with Cyclohexane and distilled a ternary azeotrope is formed. e.g. If a

mixture of ethanol, water and cyclohexane as given below is distilled and condensed then the

condensate forms two layers.The system consists of two columns i.e.first is a dehydration

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column followed by recovery column. The Spirit is fed into the dehydration column.

Cyclohexane is also introduced in this column. Vapour of ethanol, water & cyclohexane close to

itsazeotropic concentration is collected from the top whereas anhydrous alcohol is collectedfrom

the bottom of the column.

8.4.2. Molecular Sieve Method

Molecular sieves are synthetic adsorbents and for vapour phase ethanol dehydration the sieve

developed is metal aluminosilcates with effective pore size opening 3 angstrom (3x10-8cm).

Molecular sieves of type 3A has chemical formula (K2O, Na2O). Al2O3. 23iO2. XH2O

During dehydration of ethanol, the water of hydrolysis fills the cavities or pores in the molecular

sieves.The potassium form of molecular sieves has pore size of 3 angstrom.The diameter of

water molecule is 2.8 angstrom and the diameter of ethanol molecule is 4.4 angstrom. The water

vapour molecules are having strong dipoles and elastic. They are drawn into the pores and

condensed at the wall of the pores,Ethanol vapour bigger in size passes through the bed without

getting in to the pores of the molecular sieves.

Advantage of molecular sieve method is energy efficient technique.

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9. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

This chapter covers Traffic scenario & Risk Assessment Studies for the construction and

operation phase of proposed project.

9.1 Traffic analysis

Objectives

• Current external traffic on adjacent road

• Evaluation of traffic for the proposed land uses within the PROP. PROJECT premises.

• Carrying out Classified Traffic Volume Count on External Road.

• This study is helpful in suggesting possibilities for,

• Linking PROP. PROJECT traffic to external roads with minimum interruption.

• Internal Traffic Management.

9.1.2 External traffic scenario

Proposed project is abutting to 25m wide road. Classified Traffic Volume Counts (CTVC) was

carried out at this Mid-Block in both directions. All vehicle classes including car, Auto,

motorcycle, public bus, and goods carrier are captured by direction wise. Traffic Survey was

carried out on 1) On Abutting 25 m Wide MIDC Road, 2) 45m Wide MIDC Road & 3) NH9

Table 9.1: Vehicular Volume on Pune- Sopalur Hwy (NH9)

Type of Vehicle

Total No of Vehicles

Percentage of Vehicles

PCU Factors Total PCU Percentage

of PCU Direction Towards Kurkumbh, Solapur

Two Wheeler 1999 29.12 0.5 1000 12.03

Bus 829 12.08 2.2 1824 21.95

Car 2366 34.47 1 2366 28.48

Auto 334 4.87 1 334 4.02

LCV 480 6.99 1.5 720 8.67

2-Axle 777 11.32 2.2 1709 20.57

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3 Axle 79 1.15 4.5 356 4.28

Total 6864 100.00 8308 100.00

Direction Towards Patas, Pune

Two Wheeler 1999 28.23 0.5 1000 11.92

Bus 774 10.93 2.2 1703 20.31

Car 2679 37.84 1 2679 31.96

Auto 391 5.52 1 391 4.66

LCV 470 6.64 1.5 705 8.41

2-Axle 672 9.49 2.2 1478 17.64

3 Axle 95 1.34 4.5 428 5.10

Total 7080 100.00 8383 100.00

Direction Peak Period Peak Hour

Volume /Hr Peak Hour PCU / Hr

Peak Hour % PCU/hr

Pune-Solapur Hwy(NH9)

From To

9 12 pm 1416 1931 10.03%

5 8pm 1197 1575 8.18%

Figure 9.2: Pune- Solapur (NH9) Traffic composition.

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Figure 9.3: Hourly Variation towards Pune –Solapur road

The project Traffic will use 25m Wide Road on Which There will not any Congestion on this

MIDC Road. Level of Service (LOS) will be ‘A’ on 25m Wide Road even after added Project

Traffic and Future Incremental Growth of Traffic. On NH9 Level of Service (LOS) will be ‘B’

even after added Project Traffic and Future Incremental Growth of Traffic. Detailed Traffic

Analysis report is attached as Annexure IX.

9.2. Risk and HAZOP

The potential consequences from hazardous scenarios identified are determined and the impact

zones modeled using ALOHA and PHAST software. The primary consequences types are

pressure wave, thermal radiation and toxic gas release. The neutral atmospheric stability

conditions and ambient temperature of 300 C, wind speed of 4.0 m/s and humidity 50% used for

consequences analysis. Detailed Risk Analysis and DMP report are attached as Annexure X.

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10. CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

This EIA report is prepared on behalf of the proponents, taking inputs from proponent’s office

staff, Architects and Project Management Professionals etc. by Environmental Consultants M/s.

Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory, Thane, Mumbai, who have been

accredited by QCI- NABET Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1417/RA010.

10.1. M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory:

Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory [Lab Gazetted by MoEF – Govt. of India]

not only give environmental solutions for sustainable development, but make sure that they are

economically feasible. With innovative ideas and impact mitigation measures offered, make

them distinguished in environmental consulting business. The completion of tasks in record time

is the key feature of Ultra-Tech. A team of more than hundred environmental brigadiers consists

of engineers, experts, ecologists, hydrologists, geologists, socio-economic experts, solid waste

and hazard waste experts apart from environmental media sampling and monitoring experts and

management experts , strive hard to serve the clients with up to mark and best services.

Ultra-Tech offers environmental consultancy services to assist its clients to obtain environmental

clearance for their large buildings, construction, CRZ, SEZ, high rise buildings, township

projects and industries covering sugar and distilleries from respective authorities. Ultra-Tech is

in the process of getting QCI-NABET final accreditation for its EIA organization.

Ultra-Tech also provide STP/ETP/WTP project consultancy on turn-key basis apart from

Operation and Maintenance of these projects on annual contract basis. Also, having MoEF

approved environmental laboratory, Ultra-Tech provide laboratory services for monitoring and

analysis of various environmental media like air, water, waste water, stack, noise and

meteorological data to its clients all over India and abroad.

Following this EIA report is collaborative efforts of following team members.

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List of Team Members Involved in EIA Report

EIA Coordinator

Name Sector - Category Signature

Mr. Timir Shah 5 (f) Synthectic Organic Chemicals

Category B

Functional Area Experts

Name Functional Area - Category Signature

Mr. Timir Shah AP – Category B

Mrs. Sampada Shidid WP – Category B

Mrs. Sampada Shidid MSW – Category B

Mrs. Anjali Singam AQ – Category A

Mr. Vikrant Kulkarni EB – Category A

Dr. Kishore Wankhede SE – Category A

Mr. Santosh Gupta SHW – Category A

Mr. Swapnil Awghade LU – Category A

Mr. S. L. Bonde RH – External Expert

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Functional Area Associate

Mr. Akshay Kulkarni AP – Sr. Expert Timir Shah

AQ – Sr. Expert Anjali Singam

Mr. Harshvardhan Natu SHW – Sr. Expert Santosh Gupta

Ms. Shradhha Ombale WP – Sr. Expert Sampada Shidid

Ms. Sharada Rajiwade WP - Sr. Expert Sampada Shidid

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