environmental legal issues - poltechpopulation (billions) human population growth. 4. 5...
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Presented by: Ronelle Claassen20 July 2009
Poltech EC Breakfast
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL ISSUES
24 July 200924 July 200924 July 200924 July 2009
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HumanHuman--driven environmentaldriven environmental
changes:changes:
�� Half of EarthHalf of Earth’’s land surface is now s land surface is now
domesticated for direct human use. domesticated for direct human use.
�� 75 percent of the world75 percent of the world’’s fisheries are s fisheries are
fully or overfully or over--exploited. exploited.
�� The composition of todayThe composition of today´́s atmosphere s atmosphere
is well outside the range of natural is well outside the range of natural
variability variability
STRESSED STRESSED
PLANET EARTHPLANET EARTH
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0
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2
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1600 1700 1800 1900 2000Years
Popula
tion (
Billions)
Human Population growthHuman Population growth
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�� DeforestationDeforestationDeforestationDeforestationDeforestationDeforestationDeforestationDeforestation
�� DesertificationDesertificationDesertificationDesertificationDesertificationDesertificationDesertificationDesertification
�� Atmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric PollutionAtmospheric Pollution
�� Water and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean PollutionWater and Ocean Pollution
�� Loss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of BiodiversityLoss of Biodiversity
�� Climatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic ChangesClimatic Changes
�� Toxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste GenerationToxic Waste Generation
�� Human SufferingHuman SufferingHuman SufferingHuman SufferingHuman SufferingHuman SufferingHuman SufferingHuman Suffering
RESOURCERESOURCE CRISISCRISIS
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GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
1941 2004
Muir Glacier
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NATIONAL NATIONAL
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACTMANAGEMENT: WASTE ACT
NO 59 OF 2008NO 59 OF 2008
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Part 2 Part 2 –– General duty in respect of waste General duty in respect of waste managementmanagement
Avoid, minimise toxicity, treated, no nuisance Avoid, minimise toxicity, treated, no nuisance from wastefrom waste
Part 3 Part 3 –– Reduction, reReduction, re--use, recycling and use, recycling and recovery of wasterecovery of waste
Extended producer responsibilityExtended producer responsibility
Part 4 Part 4 –– Listed waste management activities Listed waste management activities
Schedule 1 to the act Schedule 1 to the act –– Listed activities Listed activities
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACTNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACT
NO 59 OF 2008NO 59 OF 2008
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Part 5 Part 5 -- Storage Collection and Transportation Storage Collection and Transportation of Wasteof Waste
Requirements stipulated for containers, Requirements stipulated for containers, accidental spillages, waste collection accidental spillages, waste collection
Part 6 Part 6 –– Treatment, processing and disposal of Treatment, processing and disposal of wastewaste
Part 7 Part 7 –– Industry waste management plansIndustry waste management plans
Part 8 Part 8 –– Contaminated landContaminated land
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACTNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACT
NO 59 OF 2008NO 59 OF 2008
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Storage and transfer of wasteStorage and transfer of waste1. General waste > 30 t per day1. General waste > 30 t per day
2. Hazardous waste 3 t per day2. Hazardous waste 3 t per day
Recycling and RecoveryRecycling and Recovery3. Sorting and shredding of general waste >1 t per day3. Sorting and shredding of general waste >1 t per day
4. Recovery of waste > 3 t general waste or 100 kg 4. Recovery of waste > 3 t general waste or 100 kg hazardous waste per day hazardous waste per day
LISTED ACTIVITIESLISTED ACTIVITIES
Category A Category A
Requiring a Basic AssessmentRequiring a Basic Assessment
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5. Biological, physical or physicochemical 5. Biological, physical or physicochemical treatment or autoclaving, drying or treatment or autoclaving, drying or microwaving of general waste > 10t per microwaving of general waste > 10t per dayday
6. Biological or physicochemical treatment 6. Biological or physicochemical treatment or autoclaving, drying or microwaving of or autoclaving, drying or microwaving of hazardous wastehazardous waste
7. Treatment of waste in sludge lagoons7. Treatment of waste in sludge lagoons
Treatment of wasteTreatment of waste
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8. Disposal of inert waste (excluding < 25t for 8. Disposal of inert waste (excluding < 25t for levelling and building)levelling and building)
9. Disposal of general waste < 100m9. Disposal of general waste < 100m22
Disposal of waste on landDisposal of waste on land
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10.10. Storage, treatment and processing of Storage, treatment and processing of animal manure, > 10t per dayanimal manure, > 10t per day
11. Processing of waste at biogas installation 11. Processing of waste at biogas installation receiving 5t or more per day of animal receiving 5t or more per day of animal waste, animal manure, abattoir waste or waste, animal manure, abattoir waste or vegetable wastevegetable waste
12. Expansion or decommissioning of facilities 12. Expansion or decommissioning of facilities and associated structures listed in this and associated structures listed in this ScheduleSchedule
Storage, treatment and Storage, treatment and
processing of animal wasteprocessing of animal waste
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1.1. Treatment of general waste other Treatment of general waste other than biological, physical or than biological, physical or physicochemical in excess of 10t per physicochemical in excess of 10t per dayday
2. Treatment of hazardous waste other 2. Treatment of hazardous waste other than biological and physicochemical than biological and physicochemical treatmenttreatment
LISTED ACTIVITIESLISTED ACTIVITIES
Category BCategory B
Requiring an EIARequiring an EIA
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3.3. Incineration of wasteIncineration of waste
4.4. Disposal of hazardous waste to Disposal of hazardous waste to landland
5. Disposal of general waste to land 5. Disposal of general waste to land covering an area of > 100mcovering an area of > 100m22
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NONNON--COMPLIANCECOMPLIANCE
�� Failure to comply with conditions of waste Failure to comply with conditions of waste
management licensemanagement license
�� Unauthorized disposal of wasteUnauthorized disposal of waste
�� Failure to submit industry waste Failure to submit industry waste
management planmanagement plan
�� Failure to submit waste impact report when Failure to submit waste impact report when
requiredrequired
�� Failure to comply with a remediation orderFailure to comply with a remediation order
R10 million and/or 10 years
Imprisonment
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Environmental ImpactEnvironmental Impact
Assessment RegulationsAssessment Regulations
No 385 of 2006No 385 of 2006
Listed activities Listed activities
R386 & R387 R386 & R387
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Camels by stranded ship in dry Aral Sea Camels by stranded ship in dry Aral Sea
bed, Aralsk, Kazakhstanbed, Aralsk, Kazakhstan
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DRAFT EIA REGULATION
2009
CHANGES WERE REQUIRED:
•Interpretation problems
•Changing legal regime relating to
mining
•New laws under NEMA – Waste Act and
Coastal Management Act
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EIA PROCESSEIA PROCESS
•Process: BA & EIA similar
•Time Frames similar
Authorities automatically gets 60 days
extension. No documents forthcoming, document is deemed approved and granted
•Apply for BA although EIA is required if
decision can be reached on BA report
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Public Participation
•Landowner consent is not required, only
notification
•No longer required to notify parties within
100m radius
•No PP to run over 15 Dec to 2 Jan
•Draft copies must be provided to
authorities prior to release to public
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Other
•Appeal process•Transitional arrangements for mining processes•Mining and EIA•EMPs is now EMPs•Integrated authorization
Listed notice 1Listed notice 2Listed notice 3 - specified protected and sensitive geographic areas.
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LOVE AND PROTECT THE EARTH
- IT’S THE ONLY ONE WE HAVE