environmental product declaration schindler 3100 eu lower

Environmental Product Declaration Schindler 3100 EULower impact, higher performance. Ecological facts and figures

Schindler Passenger Elevators

2 Schindler 3100 EU EPD

Representative unit*

Usage period for LCA 15 years **

Load (kg) 480

Speed (m/s) 1.0

Travel height (m) 12

Stops/Entrances 5/1

Car W/D/H (mm) 1000 /1300 / 2139

Door W/H (mm) 800/2000

Operation days/year 365

Usage category *** 2

Consolidated data from LCA 1999 and 2011

Installation at Milan, Italy * Comparability of the environmental data with different elevator systems may not be given.** Product usage time defined for the LCA. The complete environmental life-cycle impact is included without considering a modernization. *** according to VDI4707-1

Capacity 450 kg, 480 kg, 630 kg; 5, 6, 8 passengers

Travel height Max. 30 m, max. 10 stops

Entrance One- or two-sided

Door width 800 mm, 900 mm

Door height 2,000 mm, 2,100 mm

Drive Eco-friendly gearless machine, frequency controlled

Speed 0.63 m/s, 1.0 m/s

Interior Four colors and two stainless steel interior designs Fixtures Push-button control; Pick-up collective

and down collective

Key figures

Door types T2

3Schindler 3100 EU EPD

First we analyze, then we act.

Mobility is essential in the world we live and work. Every day, one billion people all over the world place their trust in Schindler. That‘s why we are committed to contintuously improve the environmental impact of our products and services along the whole life-cycle.

From design to recycling From the first sketches in design, right through to disposal and recycling, environmental assessment con-siderations are an integral part of product development. The assessment rigidly follows the ISO 14040 standard and is embedded in the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System, which is applied at Corporate Research and Development. Providing transparency in all phases.

Life-cycle Assessment (LCA)Schindler conducts Life-cycle Assessments of its products. The objective is to continuously improve the environmental performance of the product assessed. An holistic approach all the way.

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)The EPD provides verified information on the environ-mental impact of a product. The declaration is based on a comprehensive LCA and follows the ISO 14025 guideline. A complex issue made understandable.

Product Category Rules (PCR)Both the LCA and EPD refer to a pre-defined PCR*. Rules in the PCR are specifically defined for a product and stipulate how to collect data and calculate the climate impact, and how this information has to be presented. Detailed analysis, fact-based communication.

Life Cycle Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)

Market

Assessment

Analysi

s

Life-cycle Assessment – the base for improvement.

The environmental performance of the Schindler 3100 EU has im-proved by approx. 50 % as a result of PEcoPIT. The LCA of the latest generation of the Schindler 3100 EU showed significant improvements compared with the previous product generation.

* Overarching industry related PCR is in development. Currently the PCR is available from Schindler in cooperation with an independent third party. ** Comparison is based on the representative elevator system, see page 2. *** The PEcoPIT takes material used, energy during usage and disposal into consideration.

100

50

0 Time

Impa

ct in

%

| 2000 | 2011

Schi

ndle

r 10

0

Schi

ndle

r 31

00 E

U

-50 %***

Comparison of environmental impact **


Practical in planning, reliable in operation.

More efficiency means less impact.Schindler contributes to green buildings. The Schindler 3100 EU passenger elevator is a fully pre-engineered product in which all parts are perfectly adjusted, resulting in an elevator that saves both space and energy.

Drive– Gearless machine for smooth ride quality– Custom-designed motor for efficient start-stop

operation*, enabling a direct power transfer, avoiding loss of power

– Stable start without high peak current, quickly reaching a low energy-consumption level

– Frequency inverter with stand-by mode, regenerative PF1 inverter as option

– No oil is needed for lubrication– Compact, lightweight and durable design

that optimizes material usage and extends the product’s lifespan

Control– Car lights and ventilation are switched to

stand-by mode when not in use– Car panel and floor indicators operate

with low-power LEDs– Multi-bus control architecture reduces cabling,

material and waste– Down and selective collective controls for efficient

passenger transportation

Car and hoistway– Car lighting equipped with energy-saving lamps

or LED as an option– Central guiding system reduces mechanical

friction and energy consumption– Door drive with stand-by mode for safety

and energy conservation– Eco-effective design allows for more space

in the same shaft– Lead-free counterweight

* with reference to IEC 60034-1, duty type S5


(Raw) materials, Pre-production

Production Logistics & Installation

Usage End of usage/Disposal

Three-phase approachThe aim is to determine the environmental impact of the elevator system from development to disposal. Based on the PCR, the assessment is separated into three modules – upstream, core and downstream – covering the energy and material flow. The results are shown for a specific function and a representative elevator unit.

Focus on material and energy Energy efficiency has been improved dramati-cally, especially compared to the previous product generation. In the past, the operational phase accounted for the main impact, now operation has become less dominant compared to material at a relatively lower level, thanks to continuous investment and effort in improving both energy and material efficiency.

Insights into the life-cycle outcome.

Downstream ModuleUpstream Module

Office Activities

Tests

Drive

Controller

Traction Media

Door

Car

Counterweight

Others

Drive

Controller

Traction Media

Door

Car

Counterweight

Others

Packaging

Transport

Installation

Others

Energy demand

Preventive &

Corrective

Maintenance

Others

Recycling

Incineration

Landfill

Transport

Packaging

Repl. Mat.

R&D incl. tests

100

50

0

Impa

ct in

% Environmental impact relative to total impact

Ecological Scarcity 2006: Total ReCiPe Endpoint (H, A): Total

Phases

Consolidated impact based on a lifetime of 15 years *

* Values shown refer to the representative unit of the Schindler 3100 EU, as shown on page 2

Core Module


Our mission. Lower emissions.

Impact per life-cycle phase – representative unitThe representative unit is a typical configuration of the Schindler 3100 EU (see page 2). The figures shown in the table are based on a lifetime of 15 years, without considering a modernization. The results provide an example of a typical environmental impact. The travel

distance over a lifetime of 15 years with 365 days of operation is based on the average usage, according to category 2 of VDI4707-1 and an elevator speed of 1 m/s. Over a life-cycle of 15 years, the total impact of a Schindler 3100 EU elevator system is 14.8 t CO2-equivalent.

Uncertainty of total values estimated about 20 %

* CED (Cumulative Energy Demand): Grey energy

The typical European electricity mix according to UTCE 2004 was applied.

Upstream Module

Core Module

Downstream Module

Total LCA

Units

kg CO2-Eq.

kg SO2-Eq.

kg NOx-Eq.

kg ethylene

Eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

points

UBP

R & D, Material

demand

4,500

29.1

25.1

2.15

59,400

11,200

2,600

3,700

76,800

591

10,200,000

Production,

Installation

3,300

10.0

8.8

0.3

47,200

23,600

7,900

4,400

83,200

346

3,360,000

Usage: Stand-by

& Travel energy

6,400

31

13.3

0.27

78,000

51,000

5,800

2,700

138,000

640

7,000,000

Maintenance,

Disposal

600

3.1

2.4

0.18

8,100

1,200

200

100

9,650

71

1,600,000

Total elevator

life-cycle

14,800

73.2

49.6

2.90

192,800

87,000

16,500

10,900

307,650

1,648

22,160,000

ImpactsClimate change

(IPCC 2007, GWP 100a)

Acidification potential (CML

2001, European average)

Eutrophication potential

(CML 2001, European

average)

Photochemical oxidation,

summer smog (CML 2001,

low NOx POCP)

CED *Fossil, non-renewable

energy resources

Nuclear, non-renewable

energy resources

Water, renewable energy

resources, potential

Renewable energy

resources, except water

(biomass, solar, wind, etc.)

Total energy resources

AggregatedReCiPe Endpoint (H,A):

Total

Ecological Scarcity 2006:

Total


Impact per life-cycle phase – functional unitThe functional unit is defined as: demand / (rated load [t] × travel distance [km])The results given in the table cover the total life-cycle impact for a calculated functional unit. Whereby 1 tkm of a Schindler 3100 EU represent about one day of operation in its representative environment and usage category.

The travel distance refers to a usage period of 15 years and a frequency of daily use as per VDI 4707-1 usage category 2. Applying the functional unit approach permits comparison of different elevator systems per unit of tkm, but the comparison is appropriate only for elevators in the same usage category.

Uncertainty of total values estimated about 20 %

* CED (Cumulative Energy Demand): Grey energy

The typical European electricity mix according to UTCE 2004 was applied.

Upstream Module

Core Module

Downstream Module

Total LCA

Units/tkm

kg CO2-Eq.

kg SO2-Eq.

kg NOx-Eq.

kg ethylene

Eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

MJ eq.

points

UBP

R & D, Material

demand

0.95

0.0062

0.0053

0.00045

12.6

2.4

0.55

0.78

16.2

0.125

2,160

Production,

Installation

0.70

0.0021

0.0019

0,00006

10.0

5.0

1.67

0.93

17.6

0.073

710

Usage: Stand-by

& Travel energy

1.35

0.0066

0.0028

0.00006

16.5

10.8

1.23

0.57

29.2

0.135

1,480

Maintenance,

Disposal

0.13

0.0007

0.0005

0.00004

1.7

0.3

0.04

0.02

2.0

0.015

340

Total elevator

life-cycle

3.13

0.0155

0.0105

0.00061

40.7

18.4

3.49

2.30

65.0

0.348

4,690

ImpactsClimate change

(IPCC 2007, GWP 100a)

Acidification potential (CML

2001, European average)

Eutrophication potential

(CML 2001, European

average)

Photochemical oxidation,

summer smog (CML 2001,

low NOx POCP)

CED *Fossil, non-renewable

energy resources

Nuclear, non-renewable

energy resources

Water, renewable energy

resources, potential

Renewable energy

resources, except water

(biomass, solar, wind, etc.)

Total energy resources

AggregatedReCiPe Endpoint (H,A):

Total

Ecological Scarcity 2006:

Total

Impact: Environmental impact

Materials: Resource usage

Energy: Energy demand

Additional: Complementary information


Packaging material Material (kg) Total elevatorweight (%)*

Composition of packaging material*

Efficient – in space and material usage.

Used material – an overview The average recycled content of the European metal supply was considered in the calculations of environ-mental impact from materials according to the PCR. A cut-off was applied for recycling at the end of life.

Packaging materialThe table shows the typical composition of material used for packaging in relation to the total weight of the elevator system – once the elevator arrives on the construction site.

Schindler seeks to maximize the transport capacity per pallet for each delivery. Furthermore, almost all materials are suitable for recycling, e.g. paperboard and wood.

Used materials

143.00

0.90

0.00

121.60

1.00

Wood

Plastic

Polystyrene

Paperboard

Other materials

4.64

0.03

0.00

3.94

0.03

* Relation in reference to the total weight of elevator including packaging.

18 % Concrete

20 % Steel,

high-alloy/galvanized

52 % Steel,

non / low-alloy, cast iron

0.1 %

Lea

d Ac

cu |

0.1 %

Pla

stic

: ela

stom

ere

0.3 %

Pla

stic:

PU

foam

0.4 %

Plas

tic: h

aloge

n-fre

e

0.5 %

Elec

troni

c & e

lectri

cal c

ompo

unds

0.5 %

Plas

tic: h

aloge

n

1.0 %

Meta

l: cop

per

1.3 % Aluminium: prim

ary

2 % Glass, ceramic,

stone

4 % Wood/Fibreboard


Material that mattersThe table shows the material weight of components and replacement material. The total weight installed is about 2.3 tons. An average material loss of 10 % in production was assumed additionally for the consump-tion of raw materials. The Schindler 3100 EU emits no

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) once it is installed or other harmful substances. The elevator can optionally be ordered halogen free – which includes the cabling and wiring. At the end of usage almost all material is suitable for recycling.

18 % Concrete

2 % Glass, ceramic,

stone

4 % Wood/Fibreboard 90 % recycling / 10 % landfill

90 % recycling / 10 % landfill



Return system, i.e. battery;

others as above

60 % landfill / 40 % incineration




100 % landfill

100 % landfill

100 % incineration


others as average

see elements

Material balance of elevator system

Steel, non/low-alloy, cast iron

Steel, high-alloy, galvanized

Aluminum: primary

Metal: Copper

Electronic / electrical

compounds

Plastic: halogen

Plastic: halogen-free

Plastic: elastomere

Plastic: PU foam

Concrete

Glass, ceramic, stone

Wood / Fibreboard

Lead Accu

Others

Total

Elevator

material (kg)

Replacement

material (kg)

Recycled

content (%)

1,196

469

30

23

11

11

10

2

7

409

50

86

1

2

2,308

19.4

9.9

1.0

0.1

0.7

0.0

0.6

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.0

2.1

0.7

34.7

38 %

38 %

33 %

22 %

average of

elements

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

75 %

none

see elements

End of usage/

Disposal scenario






Schindler 3100 EU*A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Load (kg) 450

Speed (m/s) 1.0

Travel height (m) 19.15

Usage category 1

Specific travel demand C (0.91 mWh/(kgm))

Stand-by demand A (39 W)

Total demand per year 446 kWh

Energy without exposure.

Energy efficiencyIncreasing energy efficiency is essential in order to reduce the environmental impact of the elevator and the building. The longest phase in the life-cycle is the usage phase, which can be up to 30 years, depending on maintenance and modernization. Schindler provides data about energy efficiency based on the VDI 4707-1. The two Schindler 3100 EU exam-ples are classified as A and B, whereby A indicates the best efficiency class. The classification always refers to a specific configuration and is measured at the instal-lation site. Usage pattern, load capacity, energy saving options and site conditions influence the final rating.

Fact-based classification– Energy efficiency is classified according to the

VDI4707-1– the usage category is defined as 1 or 2 – a typical

residential building– stand-by energy accounts for about 60 - 80 % of the

total energy consumption p.a.– the certificate refers only to a single measured or

calculated unit– energy consumption is influenced considerably by

the frequency of use, travel speed and height

Energy efficiency classification

*Incl. special options, calculated results based on a measured

field installation.

Schindler 3100 EU – representative elevator as defined for the Life-cycle Assessment

Schindler 3100 EU – example of typically installed configuration

Schindler 3100 EU

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Load (kg) 480

Speed (m/s) 1.0

Travel height (m) 12

Usage category 2

Specific travel demand C (0.88 mWh/(kgm))

Stand-by demand B (52 W)

Total demand per year 722 kWh





Certified by TÜV SÜD for a standard configuration at field installa-tion. Measurements based on the VDI 4707 guideline, issued in March 2010.


Sound of silence.

Noise and vibrationThe sound made by an elevator can have an impact on the surrounding environment. Not every type of noise is equally disturbing. This depends strongly on the nature of the noise, relative background noise and on psychological aspects.When it comes to noise and vibration, there are several important aspects: Besides the obvious ones relevant for the whole building concerning the ride quality, such

as sound and vibration inside the car, there are others, e.g. door noise and the noise in the elevator shaft. The structure-borne noise in the walls is also important, because it radiates sound into adjacent rooms.Furthermore, there is noise created during the operation of an elevator, such as the noise of the cooling fan, the drive operation, the relay switching, the door, and the guide shoe sliding (only for a short time after the installation).

1 VDI 2566-2:2004 prescribes a maximum permissible A-weighted sound level

LpAmax in adjacent rooms of 30 dB(A).

2 VDI 2566-2:2004 specifies a maximum sound pressure

level in the hoistway of 75 dB(A).

3 The levels listed are the levels according to VDI 2566-2:2004.

The Schindler elevator systems generally fulfill these levels with a large

margin, depending on the type of wall.

4 VDI 2566-2:2004 specifies a maximum A-weighted sound pressure level

for door noise of 65 dB(A).

* incl. impulse noise

** Impulse noise

Noise and vibration performance

dB (A) Octave (Hz)

Adjacent rooms 1

Shaft 2

Structure-borne noise 3

Landing

Door noise 4

Pass-by noise

Impulse noise at top floor

Sound pressure level / Car

Vibrations (ride quality) / Car

Lateral

Vertical

30 *

62/65 **

60

60

55

62/65 **

ISO MPtP

< 15 mg

< 35 mg

63 – 500

ISO A95

< 10 + 3 mg

< 20 + 5 mg

Whisper,

leaves

rustling

Schindler

3100 EU

Noisy office

Jet taking off,

25 meters,

threshold of pain

Decibel

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0





Discover more about Schindler´s environmental activities on: http://ccr.schindler.com

A big step to a small footprint.

Schindler Management Ltd. Global Business New InstallationsZugerstrasse 13 6030 Ebikon, Lucerne, Switzerland

www.schindler.com GM

S.EP

D.3

100

EN.1

2.13

.EU

Ecological Scarcity / UBP 6 Scarcity-oriented method for life-cycle impact assess-ments. It measures various environmental impacts, and shows the final result in a single score.

ReCiPe Methodology for life-cycle impact assessments evaluating various environmental impacts and showing the final result in a single source.

VDI4707-1Independent guideline on how to measure and classify the energy efficiency of elevator systems, published by the Association of German Engineers (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure).

GlossaryLCA – Life-cycle AssessmentAssessment methodology of the environmental impact of all relevant material and energy flows throughout the entire life-cycle of a product according to ISO 14040.

EPD – Environmental Product DeclarationA declaration that provides quantified environmental data using predetermined parameters defined in a Product Category Rule according to ISO 14025.

PCR – Product Category RuleA set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing environmental declarations for one or more product categories.

EMS – Environmental Management SystemCovers development, implementation and management of environmental aspects according to ISO 14001.

environmental product declaration schindler 3100 eu lower

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