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ERP is an enterprise-wide information systemdesigned to coordinate all the

resources,

information,

activities needed to complete business processes

such as;

order fulfillment

billing

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Erp System Concepts

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Its acomputer program that does not load any

external module.

Standalone programs were the only way to run a

computer.

Computers with very limited storage used standaloneprograms.

Nowadays these programs are a nearly extinct species .

Even the most basic processors these days have

sufficient storage to allow the O.S overhead

E.g. in the diskette era, apparently standalone utilityprograms were delivered with a basic version of

DOS fitting onto the same diskette.[Computing

terminology]

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These are large-scale application software packages.

ES is a packaged enterprise application software

systems.

Types of enterprisesystems

- ERP- Enterprise planning &

- Customer relationship management software.

Although data warehousing or business

intelligence systems are enterprise-wide packaged

application S/W often sold by vendors Enterprise systems are built on software platforms, such

as SAPsNet Weaver and Oracle's Fusion, and

databases.

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Computer-based systems designed to

process an organizations transactions

and facilitate integrated and real-timeplanning, production, and customer

response -- OLeary 2000.

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For Management to know what is happeningin the company

One solution for better Management

For cycle time reduction To achieve cost control & low working capital To marry latest technologies To shun the geographical gaps To satisfy the customers with high expectations

To be Competitive & for survival

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Packaged software Integrate the majority of a businesss

processes

Process the majority of an organizationstransactions

Use a data warehouseAllow access to data in real time

Integrate transaction processing andplanning activities

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Business integration and Improved Data Accuracy Planning and MIS Improved Efficiency and Productivity Establishment of Standardized Procedures Flexibility and technology

Business Intelligence CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

Financial Management HCM (Human Capital Management) Manufacturing Operations SCM (Supply Chain Management)

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ERP covers a wide range of business and typically it fulfillsall the business demand. For customizing ERP completely,the users have to make some changes in theimplemented service package. Here is a list of most of the

services where ERP is vastly in use:

Production Department Supply Chain Management

Financials Projects Human Resources Customer Relationship Management Data Warehouse

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mySAP example:

customer relationship management

e-procuremententerprise portalsFinancialshuman resources

mobile businessMarketplace supply chain management

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Four Main Functional Areas of Operation:

Marketing And Sales(M/S)

Supply Chain Management(SCM)

Accounting And Finance(A/F)

Human Resources(HR)

Cont..

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Pre-implementation planning

Package selection

Quality, knowledge & experience of the consultants

Caliber of the project manager

Implementation team composition Top management support

Funds and other resources

Training and education

Knowledge transfer from consultants to employees

Use of the system

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Three important components of ERP configuration:

Models - represent the world encompassed by

the system such as organizational structure.

Artifacts - an interface between an inner

environment and an outer environment such as

an invoice document, vendor List, Product List,

etc.

Processes - the activity and information flowsnecessary to accomplish a particular task (or set

of tasks)

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SAP & R/3

In 1992, SAP introduced R/3, a powerful client/serverarchitecture product, which quickly gained dominant marketshare.

SAP R/3 is an integrated suite of financial, manufacturing,distribution, logistics, quality control and human resourcesapplication systems and can address or facilitate changesin the business processes.

Its architecture consists of three main layers of software:(1) SAP GUI, representing the presentation layer.(2) SAP application layer.(3) SAP database layer (Bancroft et al., 1998).

Contd..

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People Soft:

It was founded by David Duffield. It started for HR and Pay roll accounting &

achieved considerable success. Even with companies that already were using SAP

for accounting & production.

Oracle:

Began in 1977 as software development labarotories(SDL) It manages large volume of data & extract information quickly. In 1979 SDL became Relational Software Inc.

In 1986 the Client server oracle relational databasewas released & 1988 oracle financials.

Contd..

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SAP ERP:

Here other companies allow all business areas to accessthe same database.

The system allows data to be entered one & then usedthroughout the organization.

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING

Quality

Management

WORKFLOW Project

System

Plant

maintenance

Production

Planning

Sales&

Distribution

Materials

Management

Human

Resources

Asset

Management

CONTROLLING(CO)

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JD Edwards :

JD Edwards provides ERP applications (One World)for managing the enterprise and supply chain.Their integrated applications give customers

control over their front office, manufacturing,logistics and distribution, human resources andfinance processes. JD Edwards continues to allowits ERP solutions to operate in thecomputing environment and also to be XML

enabled (Yen et al., 2002). One World is designedfor between five and 500 users (OLeary, 2000).

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Baan:

Baan was founded in The Netherlands in 1978.Bann has approximately 3,000 clients in 5,000 sitesworldwide (OLeary, 2000). It sells manufacturingsoftware to companies that are wary of SAP

product. It stocks up on small software suppliers,which results in a wider variety of product offerings.They continue to develop enterprise applications inareas that SAP and Oracle are less competitive(Yen et al.,2002).

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ERP

Internal enterprise

optimization Manufacturing &

distribution

Manufacturing, sales,

finance, HR

Internal , hidden Web-aware , closed

Internally generated &used

ERP II

Whole value chain

participation All sectors/segments Cross-industry , industry

sectors, & specify industryprocesses

Externally connected toother stakeholders

Web-based , open &component based

Internally & externallypublished and used

Element

Role

Domain

Function

ProcessArchitecture

Data

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ERP Package Language Base License Other Info Developer Country

A1 ERP Java Alliance Technologies OpenLicense

ERP for Public Sector,

Academia, Healthcare,

Logistics A1 ERPWorldwide

ERPNEXT Python, JavaScript, MySQL GPL ERP for small and mediumbusinesses India

Fedena Ruby, MySQL Apache License ERP for Schools/Universities India

LedgerSMB Perl, PostgreSQL GPL started as a fork of SQL-Ledger in 2006 Worldwide

OpenERP Python, PostgreSQL AGPLv3, OpenERP PublicLicense

formerly Tiny ERP Belgium, India, USA

Opentaps Java AGPLv3Can run in the Amazon EC2

cloud. Based on Apache

OFBiz 10.04 and Tomcat

6.0.26Worldwide

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1_ERPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERPNEXThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fedenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LedgerSMBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenERPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affero_General_Public_Licensehttp://www.opentaps.org/cloudhttp://www.opentaps.org/cloudhttp://www.opentaps.org/cloudhttp://www.opentaps.org/cloudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affero_General_Public_Licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenERPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LedgerSMBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fedenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERPNEXThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1_ERP

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