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ERRA-UN EARLY

RECOVERYPLAN

May 2006

Prepared by ERRA and IASC Country TeamIslamabad, Pakistan

Copyright © 2006 United Nations System in Pakistan and Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested.

ISBN: 969-8736-02-6

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the Government of Pakistan, all UN agencies and participating NGOs for their contributions to ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan.

Printed by Communications Inc., Islamabad - Pakistan.

Photographer for the Cover: © UNICEF Pakistan/Asad Zaidi. photo credit: UN Secretary General’s Office, UNHCR, UNDP, UNICEF, WFP, UNOPS.

This publication is available from

UN Resident Coordinator9th FloorSaudi Pak Tower61-A, Jinnah AvenueIslamabad, Pakistan

Website: http://www.un.org.pk

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... iv

Foreword ....................................................................................................................................................................... v

Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... vi

1. ERRA – UN Early Recovery Plan ............................................................................................................................. 1

2. Overview of Relief Operation ................................................................................................................................... 3� Impact of earthquake on affected areas ....................................................................................................... 3� Response ........................................................................................................................................................... 3� Achievements ................................................................................................................................................... 4

3. From Relief to Recovery ............................................................................................................................................ 6� Transition from Relief to Recovery ............................................................................................................... 6� Implementation and Coordination Arrangements for Transition .......................................................... 6

4. Intervention and Results Frameworks ................................................................................................................... 84.1 Education .......................................................................................................................................................... 84.2 Health ............................................................................................................................................................... 114.3 Livelihoods ....................................................................................................................................................... 154.4 Water and Sanitation ...................................................................................................................................... 204.5 Housing, Shelter and Camp Management .................................................................................................. 234.6 Support to Needs of Vulnerable Groups ...................................................................................................... 284.7 Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction .................................................................................................... 324.8 Common Services and Coordination ........................................................................................................... 35

Annex1. Flash Appeal Financial Progress .................................................................................................................. 38

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

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MoH Ministry of HealthNFI Non-Food ItemNGO Non Governmental OrganisationNSET National Society for Earthquake TechnologyNWFP North West Frontier ProvinceOCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian AffairsPAK Pakistani Administered KashmirPERA Provincial Earthquake Reconstruction AuthorityPHC Primary Health CareRedR Registered Engineers for Disaster ReliefRH Reproductive HealthSCF Alliance Save the Children AllianceSDF Sungi Development FoundationSDC Swiss Development CooperationSERA State Earthquake Reconstruction AuthoritySPADO Sustainable Peace and Development OrganizationSPHERE Humanitarian Standards for Emergency and ResponseSPO Strengthening Participatory OrganizationTVO Trust for Voluntary OrganisationsUET University of Engineering and TechnologyUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and SecurityUNEP United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNESCO United Nations Education, Science and Culture

OrganizationUNFPA United Nations Population FundUN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlement ProgrammeUNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUNIDO United Nations Industrial Development OrganizationUNJLC United Nations Joint Logistics CentreUNOPS United Nations Office for Project ServicesUNOSAT United Nations Satellite Imagery for AllUNV United Nations VolunteersUSAID United States Agency for International DevelopmentWATSAN Water and SanitationWB World BankWES Water and Environment Sanitation World Vision

InternationalWFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health OrganizationWV World Vision InternationalWWF World Wildlife Fund

ACTED Agency for Technical Cooperation and DevelopmentADB Asian Development BankAJK Azad Jammu KashmirBEST Basic Education and Employable Skill TrainingBHU Basic Health UnitCBO Community Based OrganisationCGI Corrugated Galvanized IronCMO Camp Management OrganisationCSO Civil Society OrganisationCWS Church World ServiceCWSPA Church World Service Afghanistan and PakistanDAD Development Assistance DatabaseDCO District Coordination OfficerDEWS Disease Early Warning SystemDFID Department for International DevelopmentDRU District Reconstruction UnitEAD Economic Affairs Division EC European CommissionERRA Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation AuthorityFAO Food and Agriculture OrganizationFRC Federal Relief CommissionGTZ German Agency for Technical SupportHRDN Human Resources Development NetworkIASC Inter-Agency Standing CommitteeICMC International Catholic Migration CommissionIDP Internally Displaced PersonIDSP Institute of Development Studies and PracticeIFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIFI International Financial InstitutionsIFRC International Federation of Red Cross/CrescentIHE International Health ExchangeIHRO International Human Rights ObserversILO International Labour OrganisationIMC International Medical CorpsIOM International Organisation for MigrationIP Implementing PartnerIRC International Rescue CommitteeIUCN The World Conservation UnionJVC Japan International Volunteers CentreKAP Knowledge, Awareness and Practice StudiesMISP Minimum Initial Service Package

FOREWORD

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The earthquake of 8 October 2005 was unprecedented. Never since its foundation has Pakistan been confronted with a natural disasterof such magnitude. The death toll reached over 73,338 with another 69,400 seriously injured and more than 3.3 million left homeless.

The topography of high altitudes in the affected areas posed a logistical nightmare for rescue and relief, with the race against winter com-pounding the challenges. All combined, the post earthquake operations in Pakistan was an extraordinary challenge for the Government,the people and the international community.

The National response to the earthquake was exceptional. Within hours after the earthquake, two military divisions were mobilised to theaffected areas. The Federal Relief Commission (FRC) and the Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) were imme-diately established to ensure coordinated actions for rescue, relief and reconstruction.

In tandem to the swift response of the Government, significant support from some 85 bilateral and multilateral donors, over 100 non-gov-ernmental organisations and the private sector made a real difference. This combination of National leadership, donors’ assistance andefforts of humanitarian workers on the ground led to an effective and successful relief operation.

The ERRA/UN Early Recovery Plan is a product of continuous collaboration and concerted efforts among the Government, United Nationsand Civil Society partners. It presents the concrete actions required in the critical period of transition from relief to reconstruction in sup-port of the affected people. It marks the plan where the focus shifts from saving lives to restoring livelihoods. In order to make sure thatthe Early Recovery Plan is consistent with ERRA’s broad strategy for reconstruction ERRA and the UN undertook an intensive consulta-tive process with partners and provincial authorities.

For the reconstruction phase, ERRA is committed to build back better. Medical care, education, water and sanitation and other social serv-ices, delivered during the relief period, will be phased into universal coverage. The recovery phase will build on the strong resilience ofcommunity against future risks and hazards.

However, completion of reconstruction and full resumption of social services will take time. This is why the activities proposed in the EarlyRecovery Plan are essential to support the Government’s efforts. Without such UN and NGO assistance in this critical juncture, the sur-vivors could face another difficult winter,

We present this Action Plan to donors with full confidence in its relevance and feasibility, and would like to urge each of you to considersupporting it. The unprecedented challenges continue, and we stand at a crossroad. We believe that the Early Recovery Plan is a practi-cal way of turning some of the generous pledges made at the donor conference in November 2005 into concrete contributions.

Altaf SalimChairmanEarthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation AuthorityIslamic Republic of Pakistan

Jan VandemoorteleUN Resident and Humanitarian CoordinatorUnited Nations in Pakistan

The end of winter means that manyInternally Displaced People (IDP) are

starting to return to their communities torestart their livelihoods. These returns aresymbolic of the effective relief operationthat provided assistance to some 3 millionpeople. It is in the spirit of sustaining thissuccess that the Early Recovery Plan hasbeen formulated.

The goal of the Early Recovery Plan is tosupport the longer-term road to reconstruc-tion by bridging the end of the relief phaseand the start of full-scale reconstruction.Experience shows that activities tend to fallto a low ebb as the relief operations come toan end and before reconstruction activitiesfully take off. If this were to happen, manysurvivors could face another difficult situa-tion next winter. Timely support needs toarrive to the affected populations who arestarting to rebuild their normal lives so thatthey no longer have to rely on humanitari-an assistance. For this reason, the EarlyRecovery Plan outlines a set of operationalprogrammes for early recovery to minimisethe gap between relief and reconstruction.It highlights early recovery activities inboth the North West Frontier Province(NWFP) and Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK)1

over the next 12 months.

The scale of the Government’s relief efforts,and the Federal Relief Commission’s open-ness in interacting with the humanitariancommunity, has been extraordinary. Therelief efforts were supported by the interna-

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1 Kashmir is referred to Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK) in the EarlyRecovery Plan. While AJK is the national designation, the official desig-nation of the UN for Kashmir is Pakistan Administered Kashmir (PAK).

tional community, NGOs and an over-whelming number of Pakistani volunteers.In financial terms, some 85 bilateral, multi-lateral and private donors provided grantsand in-kind humanitarian assistanceamounting to over USD 1.4 billion. In addi-tion, about USD 6.2 billion was pledged ingrants and loans for reconstruction at theDonors’ Conference in November 2005.

The Early Recovery Plan was developed tohelp convert part of these pledges frompromises into concrete support for opera-tions on the ground. Focusing on keyresidual relief and recovery needs for thenext year, the Early Recovery Plan presentsactivities in eight sectors. While over USD100 million of funds for these programmeshave to date been secured, the EarlyRecovery Plan offers concrete proposals tochannel about USD 190 million worth ofpledges.

The Early Recovery Plan is a product ofextensive consultations. It became animportant stepping stone for strengtheningthe partnership for the recovery phasebetween the Government and IASC2 part-ners. Its centre of production was in theaffected areas. The priorities identified arethe priorities of the beneficiaries in bothNWFP and AJK. Chief among them is the

need to restore and set the basis forimprovements in the standards of living ofthe stricken communities - re-establish-ment of basic education, primary healthcare, access to safe water and sanitation,access to seeds, fertilisers and small livestock, and access to skills training andjobs.

The smooth return of IDP from camps andhost families is an important step in the

transition from relief to recovery. The pri-ority is to ensure that tens of thousands offamilies return to their villages and hamletsin a voluntary, informed and dignifiedmanner, and that essential services followthe people. Some of the returnees will nothave constructed adequate safe shelter bythe onset of next winter. Such people willremain vulnerable. Others are likely toremain dependent on food assistance atleast until the next harvest in autumn 2006.

ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan

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2 The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) is a unique inter-agencyforum for coordination, policy development and decision-makinginvolving the key UN and non-UN humanitarian partners. The IASCwas established in June 1992 in response to United Nations GeneralAssembly Resolution 46/182 on the strengthening of humanitarianassistance. General Assembly Resolution 48/57 affirmed its role as theprimary mechanism for inter-agency coordination of humanitarianassistance. Under the leadership of the Emergency Relief Coordinator,the IASC develops humanitarian policies, agrees on a clear division ofresponsibility for the various aspects of humanitarian assistance, identi-fies and addresses gaps in response, and advocates for effective applica-tion of humanitarian principles.

"Joint visit to a school in the affected area by (from the left) Mrs. Nane Annan, UNDP Administrator Mr. Kemal Dervis, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, Minister for Social Welfare and Special Education Mrs.Zubaida Jalal Khan, and President Musharraf."

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It is also estimated that a sizeable numberof people will not return to their areas oforigin. This “residual” caseload will requiretemporary shelter solutions in plannedcamps until either land issues are settled,destroyed land is recovered, access isimproved, or new plots are allocated.

Getting the transition right will be essentialfor successful reconstruction. The purposeof the Early Recovery Plan is to support theGoP in making this happen.

The Early Recovery Plan encompasses atargeted range of concrete activities thatwill draw on the strengths and resilience oflocal communities. The eight sectors cov-ered are: 1) education; 2) health; 3) liveli-hoods; 4) water and sanitation; 5) housing,shelter and camp management; 6) supportto needs of vulnerable groups; 7) gover-nance and disaster risk reduction, and; 8)common services and coordination. Therewill be quarterly updates of the EarlyRecovery Plan to reflect changing prioritiesand take corrective measures where needed.

Three cross-cutting themes are main-streamed in all interventions: social andeconomic rights, gender equality and envi-ronmental sustainability. Implementingpartners will work to strengthen the capac-ity of local communities to claim, and localauthorities to fulfil fundamental rights andentitlements. They will also redoubleefforts to mainstream the perspectives ofvulnerable population groups into all pro-

gramming decisions, especially for women.The activities will also address environ-mental considerations throughout the reha-bilitation and reconstruction process,including promoting sustainable naturalresource management.Education: The resumption of educationservices to communities in the earthquake-affected areas will be ensured, with a spe-cial emphasis on girls, the poor and vulner-able. The activities outlined will improveaccess to primary and secondary educationof a good quality in a healthy and protec-tive environment.

Health: In accordance with ERRA’s healthstrategy, the Early Recovery Plan will sup-port health providers to maintain healthcare services at the same level as during therelief phase and ensure coverage for remoteareas. Capacity development, humanresources training, and direct technical sup-port at the district level to improve man-agement of the health systems will be criti-cal activities. Monitoring of the health sta-tus of the population, disease surveillanceand early warning systems will beimproved.

Livelihoods: Income-generating activitiesare immediately needed to restore pre-earthquake standards of living and reducedependency on relief aid. Temporary jobswill be created through rehabilitation ofinfrastructure and cash- or food-for-workprogrammes. Skills training of both menand women will help to restore agricultur-al and livestock activities and small busi-nesses. Access to finance and management

of natural resources will be supported.Food aid will be targeted to the most vul-nerable households. These interventionswill be undertaken in all affected areasincluding remote villages and hamlets. Thespecial needs of vulnerable groups such asfemale-headed households, widows, andthe disabled will be accommodated.Activities and programmes will be commu-nity-based in partnership with line depart-ments and local NGOs.

Water and Sanitation: Health risks associ-ated with water and sanitation related dis-eases will be minimized by facilitatingaccess to safe water for two million people.At the same time, interventions will ensurethat 1.2 million affected people adopt saferhygiene behaviour and have access to ade-quate sanitation facilities. The interven-tions will also ensure proper hygiene serv-ices in remaining camps.

Housing, Shelter and Camp Management:Rebuilding housing is the key to normaliz-ing life during the transitional period. Inline with ERRA’s housing strategy, theinterventions will ensure that land andproperty rights do not unduly delay con-struction, especially in urban centres.Consideration will be given to transitionalshelter for those in urban and suburbanareas not residing in planned camps. TheEarly Recovery Plan will include non-fooditems for emergency use. The returnprocess is being supported by dissemina-tion of information and transportation ofIDPs to their areas of origin. Assistancewill be extended to the residual caseload,

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

especially vulnerable groups, remaining inconsolidated camps while permanent solu-tions are sought. This will include waterand sanitation, health and education aswell as support to needs of vulnerablegroups by various service providers.

Support to needs of Vulnerable Groups:Community-based approaches to vulnera-ble individuals and groups will be intro-duced. Vulnerable children and womenwill be protected against neglect, abuse andexploitation. IDPs will be informed to makevoluntary decision on their return to placesof origin and those IDPs unable to return toplaces of origin will be provided withdecent support in residual camps.Vulnerable groups will also benefit fromlivelihoods activities.

Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction:Restoration and strengthening of local gov-ernment’s functions is paramount to suc-cessful rehabilitation and reconstruction.Particular emphasis will be placed onstrengthening the capacities of ERRA andthe provincial authorities to coordinate andmonitor all relevant post earthquake activi-ties. Disaster risk management will bestrengthened through institutional devel-opment and strategies for disaster manage-ment at all levels.

Common Services and Coordination: Asthe transition phase has started, the natureof coordination efforts of IASC partners ischanging and will feed into theGovernment’s coordination structure.Accordingly, the Government’s capacity

will be strengthened for coordination at thepolicy and operational levels. Commonservices including safety and security, tran-sit storage facilities, air and road transportand accommodation will support theimplementation of the Early Recovery Plan.

Implementing Arrangements: The EarlyRecovery Plan is developed in a spirit ofthe OECD Paris Declaration of 2005 forsimplification and harmonisation. It offersa platform to integrate planning, imple-mentation, and monitoring of activities atthe Islamabad and field level.

All programmes will be coordinatedthrough ERRA and implemented throughrelevant departments and provincial andlocal authorities. The focus will be given tooperationalising capacity building of these

government authorities with the principlethat technical assistance is the last resort.Implementing Partners will be selectedbased on good track records. The geo-graphical distribution of activities will bebalanced between NWFP and AJK.

Every effort will be made to ensure thatprogrammes are implemented in a fullytransparent and accountable manner.Communities will be provided with ameaningful voice in the planning andimplementation processes, and the mostvulnerable group of people will be target-ed. Equally, the residual relief assistance isplanned in a way to foster economic recovery.


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Sector Total Cost ofInterventions

(USD)

Available Funds (USD)

Funds to beIdentified

(USD)Education 52,339,010 19,431,111 32,907,899

Health 37,892,587 3,169,000 34,723,587

Livelihoods 84,523,933 48,005,933 36,518,000

Water and sanitation 29,969,552 14,051,610 15,917,942

Housing, Shelter andCamp Management

43,415,403 8,762,797 34,652,606

Support to needs of vulnerable groups

12,830,000 2,500,000 10,330,000

Governance and DisasterRisk Reduction

13,400,000 6,800,000 6,600,000

Coordination and common services

22,497,608 4,368,400 18,129,208

TOTAL 296,868,093 107,088,851 189,779,242

Summary of Financial Status

The purpose of the Early Recovery Planis to bridge the transition period from

relief to reconstruction. The Early RecoveryPlan covers activities over a 12-month peri-od from May 2006 onwards - a critical yearto lay the groundwork for successfullonger-term reconstruction. Experienceshows that activities tend to fall to a lowebb after the relief phase. If this were tohappen, many survivors could face anotherdifficult situation next winter. Timely sup-port needs to arrive to the affected popula-tions who are starting to rebuild their nor-mal lives so that they no longer have to relyon relief assistance. For this reason, theEarly Recovery Plan outlines how develop-ment and relief partners can together pro-vide the operational support during thetransition from relief to reconstruction.

The Early Recovery Plan presents concreteproposals for programmes in priority sec-tors to help articulate how existing pledgescan be turned into operational interven-tions on the ground without delay. TheEarly Recovery Plan is not an appeal foradditional pledges. It offers concrete pro-posals to mobilise USD 190 million worthof pledges for essential transitional needs.By demonstrating how a small part of theoverall pledges can have measurableimpact on the lives of affected populations,the Early Recovery Plan intends to play acatalytic role in making sure that the rest ofthe USD 6.2 billion pledged in grants andloans will materialise.

The provincial and local authorities are thedrivers that will implement recovery activ-

ities outlined in the Early Recovery Plan.Unlike during the relief phase, when themajor implementing partners were federalauthorities and external actors, their role inthe recovery phase will be more supportivein nature, aiming to develop institutionaland human capacity.

The Earthquake Reconstruction andRehabilitation Authority (ERRA) is man-dated to coordinate and monitor recon-struction activities. Its regional counter-parts have been created in both NWFP andAJK to ensure that communities will beprovided with a meaningful voice in theplanning process and that recovery activi-ties meet locally identified needs. In linewith ERRA’s approach and in keeping withthe principle of decentralization3, the centreof gravity in preparing the Early RecoveryPlan has been in the field.

To guarantee that the programmes outlinedwill benefit the communities in need, theCluster system was fully mobilised in thefour field hubs (Bagh, Batagram, Mansehraand Muzaffarabad) as well as in Islamabad.This provided the forum for intensive con-sultations with provincial and district

authorities, including ERRA’s local coun-terparts. A large number of provincial anddistrict authorities and international andnational development partners were jointlyable to identify priority relief, return andrecovery interventions. Coordination byclusters has been an effective tool in therelief effort, and a sectoral approach willequally benefit the recovery and recon-struction phase.

There will be quarterly reviews andupdates of the Early Recovery Plan toreflect changing priorities and take correc-tive measures where needed. The firstupdate shall take place after the survey onIDPs is completed in June/July 2006. Theupdate will also provide an opportunity tothose organisations, who did not partici-pate in the first round of the Early RecoveryPlan, to join and consolidate the recoveryefforts on the ground.

The Early Recovery Plan encompasses atargeted range of concrete activities thatwill draw on the strengths and resilience oflocal communities. The eight sectors cov-ered are: 1) education; 2) health; 3) liveli-hoods; 4) water and sanitation; 5) housing,shelter and camp management; 6) supportto needs of vulnerable groups; 7) gover-nance and disaster risk reduction, and; 8)coordination and common services.

The Early Recovery Plan places particularfocus on integrating a very prominent gen-der dimension in all areas. For example,women will be registered, making it easierfor them to access land and inheritances

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1. ERRA – UN EARLY RECOVERY PLAN

3The set of 10 principles for recovery that guide the GoP, the EarlyRecovery Framework and the ADB/WB Damage Assessment that willalso be applied during the implementation of the Early Recovery Plan,are:

1. Focus on the most vulnerable2. Restore capacities3. Rebuild people’s livelihoods4. Secure human development gains5. Reduce disaster risk6. Engage the private sector7. Independence and self-sufficiency8. Transparency and accountability9. Subsidiarity and decentralization10. Coordination

For more detailed information on these 10 principles, refer to the“Pakistan 2005 Earthquake Early Recovery Framework”, November2005, UN System Islamabad, Pakistan, pp 14-17.

and redress grievances, and protection willbe afforded to stop exploitation. Widowswill be prioritised as beneficiaries for cashgrants. Training and income-generatingprogrammes will pay special attention towomen and girls, as will newly rebuilt edu-cation, health and water and sanitationservices.

Besides gender equality, specific attentionis paid to social and economic rights andenvironmental sustainability in all inter-ventions. Implementing partners will workto strengthen the capacity of local commu-nities to claim, and local authorities to ful-fil, fundamental rights and entitlements.

The success of the Early Recovery Plan willdepend, inter alia, on the adoption of effec-tive arrangements for implementation andmonitoring. All programmes will be coor-dinated through ERRA and implementedthrough relevant departments and provin-cial and local authorities. The focus will begiven to operationalising capacity building

of these government authorities with theprinciple that technical assistance is the lastresort. The most vulnerable group of peo-ple will be targeted. Equally, the residualrelief assistance is planned in a way to fos-ter economic recovery. ImplementingPartners will be selected based on goodtrack records. The geographical distribu-tion of activities will be balanced betweenNWFP and AJK.

The Early Recovery Plan is results-based.Results’ indicators will help monitorwhether strategic interventions are achiev-ing their intended objectives. The design ofthe Early Recovery Plan will encouragetransparency and accountability in the useof resources. Monitoring activities willinclude on-site surveillance, regular report-ing, and financial expenditure tracking; allpart of ERRA’s central M&E system.Wherever applicable, communities will beengaged in monitoring the implementationof the Early Recovery Plan. Financial trans-actions will be reported through transpar-ent financial systems and will be monitoredthrough the Development AssistanceDatabase (DAD) system.

In short, the Early Recovery Plan offers aplatform to integrate planning, implemen-tation, and monitoring of activities at theIslamabad and field level. It has beendeveloped in and will follow the spirit ofthe OECD Paris Declaration of 2005 on AidEffectiveness4.


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4 The Paris Declaration, endorsed on 2 March 2005, is an internationalagreement to which over one hundred Ministers, Heads of Agencies andother Senior Officials adhered and committed their countries and organ-isations to continue and increase efforts in harmonisation, alignmentand managing aid for results with a set of monitorable actions and indi-cators.

Key Principles of the Early Recovery Plan

1. Practice Paris Declaration – alignment & ownership

2. Light footprint; Technical Assistance as last resort, not first;

3. No fuzziness about operationalising capacity building;

4. Smart targeting: to keep faith with neediest;5. Shape residual relief to foster economic

recovery;6. Select Implementing Partners with good

track record;7. Balance between NWFP and AJK.

Impact of earthquake on affected areas

The earthquake on 8 October 2005,measuring 7.6 on the Richter scale,

caused massive destruction, death, injuryand displacement in northern Pakistan.The huge affected area is about equivalentto the size of Belgium. Over 73,000 peoplewere killed and about 3.5 million affected,including some 1.6-2.2 million children. Inaddition 69,400 people were severelyinjured. Hundreds of villages and hamletswere completely wiped out in NWFP and AJK. Initially it was estimated that the

earthquake severely damaged or destroyed400,000 homes, but the figure now exceeds600,000. Over 500 health facilities, nearly6,000 schools and colleges, and countlessgovernment buildings were destroyed,killing many doctors, teachers, communityleaders, and government officials.

Response

The combination of rapidly deterioratingweather conditions, the extraordinarylogistical challenges in reaching hundredsof thousands of people scattered in moun-tainous areas, and the large number of peo-ple affected made the response to the earth-quake one of the most difficult and time-compressed humanitarian operations everundertaken. Despite these incredible chal-lenges, the relief phase of the earthquakeoperations has been largely successful.Most importantly, extra mortality, massivemovement of people and outbreak of epi-demics were all avoided.

The Government and the military immedi-ately mobilized its own resources, support-ed by search and rescue teams from severalcountries. These efforts were complement-

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2. OVERVIEW OF RELIEF OPERATION

Official Casualties: 73,338 Food Insecure: ~2.3 million people

Seriously Injured: 69,412 Health FacilitiesDestroyed or damaged:

80%

Area Affected: ~30,000 sq. km. Children Disabled: ~10,000

Pop. Affected: 3.5 million people (500,000 families)

Pop. Est. Remainingin Remote Areas inWinter:

350,000 to 380,000

Pop. Lost Homes: ~3.3 million people (over 600,000

dwellings)

Pop. Est. to be inCamps throughWinter:

297,000

“Humanitarian workers carrying relief goods from a helicopter in Neelum Valley, January 2006."

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ed by an overwhelming number ofPakistani volunteers.

In financial terms, to date, the total grantand in-kind humanitarian assistanceamount to over USD 1.4 billion. Some 85bilateral, multilateral and private donorshave provided these resources. Generoussupport was also offered by the private sec-tor with donations ranging from cash assis-tance to business services. The civil societyresponse was equally impressive. Smallself-help groups have been formed in manyof the affected areas and are being support-ed by tens of thousands of people through-out the country.

The UN Flash Appeal was well funded.Donors have contributed a generous USD370 million5 thus far accounting for nearly70 per cent of the amount requested. Bothfunding and expenditure were on scheduleto meet the relief requirements6.

Achievements

The scale of the Government relief effort,and the level and openness of interactionwith the humanitarian community, hasbeen excellent. The role of the army hasbeen significantly larger than that of theUnited Nations and the rest of the interna-

tional community, and the response hasprovided one of the best examples of civil-military cooperation in a post natural disas-ter setting. The creation of the FederalRelief Commission (FRC)7, integrating bothcivilian and military actors, meant therewere dedicated interlocutors for the reliefeffort with whom the humanitarian com-munity liaised closely to address humani-tarian concerns, consolidate operations,and develop joint strategies.

The strategy to address first the need of thepeople above 5,000ft, then moving down-wards, prevented the movement of popula-tion in large numbers to lower areas, avert-ing congestion in already overcrowdedurban centres and destroyed infrastructure.The provision of emergency shelters andtransitional ‘self-help’ shelter kits, togetherwith the construction of temporary shel-ters, took place under the FRC policy of“one warm room” with the support of thehumanitarian community. Operation


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5Source: “Financial Tracking Service (FTS)”. Table 7: SOUTH ASIA -Earthquake - October 2005. Total Humanitarian Assistance per Donor(Appeal plus other*) (carry over not included) as of 23-April-2006. Formore info on UN Flash Appeal for South Asia Earthquake, please visitat http://www.reliefweb.int/fts.

6The data on expenditures of the Flash Appeal projects implemented bythe UN agencies and IOM is shown in Annex 1. It should be noted thatthe contributions indicated in the table of Annex 1 includes both donorand internal agency core funds. Therefore, the data presented on thistable differs from the one generated by the Financial Tracking Service(FTS).

7 FRC ceased to exist as an independent entity and became part of ERRAon 1st April 2006.

‘Winter Race’ supplemented the FRC strat-egy by providing secure and safe shelter tothe most isolated ‘at-risk’ families.

The provision of appropriate emergencyand transitional shelter helped avert signif-icant excess mortality due to secondary andtertiary affects of the disaster. Over 500,000tents were delivered. Over 5 million corru-gated galvanized iron (CGI) sheets weredistributed. The equivalent of over 6 mil-lion blankets8 and 2.2 million tarpaulins /plastic sheets were distributed. Campswere established for those who required acomplete set of services in a secure environ-ment.

The UN covered the food needs of a millionpeople in the affected area with a furthermillion covered by the GoP. A nutritionassessment survey has shown no majorfood deficiency compared to the pre-earth-quake level. About 90 per cent of IDPs incamps had access to safe water and some 70

per cent to adequate sanitation. The effortsof the government and humanitarian com-munity ensured that there was no diseaseoutbreak. At the same time, recovery activ-ities were initiated early on. Numerouscash-for-work initiatives focusing on campcleaning, repairs and rubble and debrisremoval employed thousands of men andwomen.

Relief efforts and carefully planned strate-gies ensured that there was no increase inmorbidity and mortality rates compared tothe same time of year prior to the earth-quake. Emblematic of the collaborativeresponse was the joint unit that tasked allair assets – those of the Pakistan Military,the UN, NATO, US and other bilateralcountries.

2. OVERVIEW OF RELIEF OPERATION

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The Response in NumbersMore than 500,000 tents delivered

Over 5 million iron sheets distributed

Over 6 million blankets/quilts provided

Food and NFIs airlifted in countless helicopterflights

Over 1,000 schools opened, enrolling some500,000 children

Emergency school feeding in 118,000 schools

Thousands of latrine slabs installed

Safe water restored for over 700,000 people

Over a million children vaccinated againstmeasles

Ten mobile health units have handled over100,000 female patients. Some 900 deliverieswere assisted

Supplementary feeding to 20,000 childrenunder 5 years

8 One quilt is equal to two blankets.

Transition from relief to recovery

With most of the relief needs met, theforce is now shifting from saving

lives to restoring livelihoods in the strickencommunities. Rebuilding the affectedareas in all dimensions of human develop-ment - social, economic, physical and cul-tural - poses significant challenges for theforeseeable future.

With the objective to “Build Back Better”,the difficulties of the recovery and recon-struction phase can be turned into opportu-nities for accelerating development in theaffected areas, in part by broadening anddeepening pre-earthquake developmentprogrammes.

For this to happen, activities are urgentlyneeded to restore income-generating activi-ties for those most in need. It is also essen-tial to sustain basic services, such as healthcare, education, and safe water and sanita-tion beyond the relief phase. In towns andcities, rubble removal, issues of landtenure, house deeds and compulsory salefor urban planning are likewise pressing.Experience shows that legal disputes oversuch issues are a main cause of delays inreconstruction. The foundation for the suc-cess of these efforts lies in strengthening alllevels of government to coordinate andmanage the recovery and reconstructionphase.

It is also critical to ensure that women notonly actively participate in planning anddecision-making but also benefit from

recovery programmes. The impact of thedisaster has disproportionately affectedwomen, children and the elderly. Womenhave been particularly challenged as theirroles have changed from caregivers andcontributors to the family income to house-hold heads and main income generators forfamilies where the earning male head ofhousehold has either died or suffered fromdisabilities. It is therefore critical that gen-der specific needs are incorporated into allrecovery and reconstruction activities, poli-cies and strategies.

The return of IDPs from camps and hostfamilies is also an integral step in the tran-sition from relief to reconstruction. The pri-orities are: 1) to ensure that approximately300,000 IDPs, accounting for about 10 percent of all affectees, return to their villagesand hamlets in a voluntary, informed anddignified manner; 2) to ensure residual andlargely urban population are cared for.

As the focus moves to recovery operations,some relief efforts will still have to be main-tained, although these will be significantlyscaled down; targeted on the most vulnera-ble and shaped so as to hasten economicrecovery. Residual relief will no longeradopt a blanket coverage. Instead, it willtarget on special groups. Not all of thosewho return home will have constructedadequate shelter by the onset of the winter;some are likely to return to the valleys towait out another winter. The stockpiling ofwinterized tents and associated non-fooditems is therefore advisable as a contin-gency plan. Landslides and possible

destructive slope failures during the Julymonsoon season are expected to blockroads and may delay reconstruction efforts.

It is estimated that a proportion of IDPswill not return to their areas of origin.While some of these people will beabsorbed into extended family networks,this residual case-load will require tempo-rary shelter solutions in planned campsuntil either land tenure disputes are settled,destroyed land is recovered, access isimproved, or new plots, either urban orrural, are allocated.

Implementation and CoordinationArrangements for Transition

Since its establishment in mid October2005, ERRA has been spearheading plan-ning for the transition under the auspices ofthe Prime Minister’s Office, and in closeconsultation with the Economic Affairs

3. FROM RELIEF TO RECOVERY

6

OVERALL IDP FIGURES BY LOCATION9

Location Hub Individuals NWFP Mansehra 134,716

Batagram 25,178 AJK Muzaffarabad 111,369

Bagh 5,846 ISLAMABAD -- 14,903 CHAKWAL -- 2,362

ATTOCK -- 2,846Total 297,220

9 Figures for NWFP and AJK are based on information provided in thefour Hub-based return strategies. Figures for Islamabad, Chakwal andAttock are based on the preliminary findings of the UNICEF andUNFPA sponsored Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment Pakistan 2005-06.

Division and provincial governments.

The first major cornerstone of the recoveryphase was the Donors’ Conference forReconstruction held in late November 2005,where the Needs Assessment and EarlyRecovery Framework were presented. Thedonor response was extremely generous,resulting in over USD 6 billion of pledges.Programming such a large amount ofpledges is a challenging undertaking. TheGovernment, with support from the UNSecretary General’s Special Envoy for theSouth Asia Earthquake, is advocating todonors to turn those pledges into opera-

tional programmes on the ground as wellas convert the loans into grants.

The challenge is for ERRA to coordinate,monitor and report on this scale in a trans-parent and accountable manner. To presentits vision beyond the relief phase, supportpartners such as USAID, EC, DFID, the WB,ADB and the UN are providing ERRA withpolicy advice for the transition and techni-cal assistance in formulating sectoral poli-cies and plans.

In order to make smooth transition fromrelief to reconstruction, ERRA has estab-

lished a Transition Cell with senior repre-sentatives from provincial authorities andselected donors. This mechanism willensure that the relevant knowledge of oper-ations and local conditions accumulatedduring the relief phase will be properlytransferred to the recovery phase.

While planning efforts are being consoli-dated in Islamabad, the lion’s share of thereconstruction activities will be carried outby provincial and local authorities, home-owners, civil society organisations and theprivate sector. In the early days of relief,there was limited involvement of provin-cial and district authorities; much workwas carried out and coordinated by thearmy. In the reconstruction phase, however,implementation will shift to the provin-cial/regional level - from Islamabad toMansehra (for NWFP) and Muzaffarabad(for AJK) - and the leadership of localauthorities will become more prominentespecially within the DistrictReconstruction Units (DRUs). For this rea-son, ERRA is setting up effective coordina-tion mechanisms at the provincial and dis-trict levels that will be integrated within theGovernment‘s decision-making architec-ture.

Supporting ERRA throughout this transi-tion process is vital. If remaining reliefneeds are not met and recovery activitiesare not undertaken, a large number of vul-nerable groups could face another difficultsituation next winter. Getting the transitionright is an essential launching pad for rapidand sustained reconstruction.

3. FROM RELIEF TO RECOVERY

7

"UN Secretary General's Special Envoy for the South Asia Earthquake President Bush comforts an earthquake survivor child during hisvisit to a relief camp in Islamabad in January 2006."

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4.1 EDUCATION

Situation

The earthquake left approximately 6,000schools and educational institutions fullyor partially destroyed, with a loss of 1,800teachers, either through death, seriousinjury, or displacement. While the GoP andother partners continue to provide educa-tion to the extent possible, through tempo-rary learning spaces, children and parentswho survived the earthquake are facingpractical and emotional challenges, whichhamper effective return to schooling. Thisincludes orphaned children who need spe-cial support to return to education.

Addressing the challenges will require sup-

port for reconstructing primary, secondaryand technical schools and colleges andadministrative facilities, and providingessential teaching and learning materials.Training and psycho-social support alsoneeds to be provided in order to enable stu-dents, parents, teachers and educationaladministrators to participate in theresumption and improvement of educa-tional services. In this regard, special atten-tion must be placed for children who suf-fered injuries and amputations.

Strategy

The activities presented in this EarlyRecovery Plan aim to begin operationalis-ing ERRA’s strategy for reconstructing andrehabilitating the education sector in sup-

port of government projects, as well as withthe programmes of ADB and USAID,among others. Measures will be taken toencourage that educational buildings areowned by the Government and are recon-structed on original and new sites. Thenew sites will be determined by needsassessments based on the demographiccomposition of the return population. Theprogrammes outlined in the EarlyRecovery Plan will lay the foundations forbuilding back better through improvingaccess to quality primary and secondaryeducation, especially for girls, in healthyand protective environments. In line withthe principle of Building Back Better, pro-grammes will also improve access to edu-cation for populations previouslyunreached in earthquake-affected areas.

Implementation Arrangements

All education programmes will be coordi-nated through ERRA. The preparation,implementation and monitoring of individ-ual projects will also be coordinatedthrough PERA, SERA and the provincialgovernments of NWFP and AJK.Programmes in the affected areas will beimplemented within the framework of theMinimum Standards of Education inEmergencies, Chronic Crisis and EarlyReconstruction, and will take place underthe overall supervision and coordination ofthe necessary provincial/district and localauthorities, including Department ofEducation, implementing partners andother government and rural developmentinstitutions.

4. INTERVENTIONS AND RESULTS FRAMEWORKS

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Objectives Strategic Interventions Indicators Project titleProject Budget

(USD)(funds identified)

Enrolment in pri-mary and secondaryschool at least at pre-earthquake levels,and re- invigoratehigher education.

� Reintegrate 450,000 girls and boysinto primary schools; supply teaching-learning materials, and recruit addi-tional teachers. Provide temporarytented schools, semi-permanent struc-tures and rebuild permanent schoolsat primary and secondary level (exactquantities for one year to be deter-mined).

� Reactivate and expand secondaryschooling, and selected tertiary educa-tion facilities central to the reconstruc-tion. Policy advice to government andsupport for selected physical inputsnecessary for the meaningful imple-mentation of projects.

� Increase cognitive development,reduce short-term hunger and main-tain enrolment and attendance in win-ter and summer. Biscuits will be pro-cured in-country to support the localeconomy.

� Net primary enrolment ratiodisaggregated by gender.

� Net secondary enrolmentration disaggregated by gen-der.

� Dry rations of biscuits anddates provided on-site to450,000 boys and girls in pri-mary grades 1–5 and katchiclasses (pre-primary classesfor siblings who accompanyprimary schoolchildren tothe same institutions).

Re-establishment of schoolsand educational opportuni-ties. (UNICEF, UNESCO,SCF Alliance and IPs).PAK/ED/001

Re-establishment of second-ary and tertiary education.(UNESCO and IPs).PAK/ED/002

Post-earthquake Relief andRecovery Operation—schoolfeeding and take-home incen-tive package. (WFP)PAK/ED/003

25,394,751**

1,500,000(1,180,000)

14,964,259(4,758,000

Increased demandfor primary and sec-ondary education

� Launch advocacy campaigns, provideessential teaching/ learning materialsand develop capacity of SchoolManagement Committee.

� Percentage increase over pre-earthquake levels in net pri-mary enrolment ratio.

Sustaining and increasingdemand for education.(UNESCO, UNICEF, SCFAlliance and IPs)PAK/ED/004

2,980,000

Improved capacityfor educational plan-ning and manage-ment at provincialand district levels.

� Upgrade EducationalManagement Information System,train education managers, and pro-vide materials to enable improvedmonitoring.

� Number of schools moni-tored for quality of teachingand deemed to meet nationalstandards.

Rebuilding education man-agement and administrativesystems. (UNESCO, UNICEF,SCF Alliance and IPs)PAK/ED/005

2,940,000

Results Framework: Education


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Improved literacyand increased accessto non-formal educa-tion: life skills edu-cation, technical andvocational educa-tion.

� Extend technical and vocational edu-cational services, life skills and litera-cy training, including girls and thosewho had no educational opportunitiesprior to the earthquake.

� Number of persons success-fully completing effectiveadult literacy programmesdisaggregated by gender.

Reactivation and expansionof non-formal education:technical and vocational edu-cation. (UNESCO and IRC)PAK/ED/006

2,120,000

Increased demandfor primary and sec-ondary education

� Develop teacher- training modules.Recruit and train teachers, targetingwomen. Develop capacity of educa-tion institution.

� Number of teachers success-fully completing effectiveteacher education pro-grammes disaggregated bygender.

Improving teaching andlearning processes.(UNESCO, UNICEF,SCFAlliance and IPs)PAK/ED/007

2,440,000

Results Framework: Education

* Unlike the other sectors, most of the projects listed in the Education Sectors matrix are multi-dimensional and cover more than one objective. Therefore, it is not possible to indicate information of funds availability under each objective and project. However, the total available funds are calculated below.

** The USD 11 million includes reconstruction for a limited number of schools, tents, equipment and furniture.

Total Cost: 52,339,010Available funds: 19,431,111

Funds to be identified: 32,907,899

4.2 HEALTH

Situation

Atotal of 509 health facilities in NWFPand AJK were damaged or destroyed,

resulting in major disruption of health careservices in the affected region. The effortsof the Government and the humanitariancommunity have avoided any increase inmorbidity and mortality rates compared tothe previous year. UN and NGO partnershelped ensure that health services coveredmore than 80 per cent of the affected popu-lation through fixed and mobile teams intented, undamaged or pre-fabricated struc-tures. Disease Surveillance and EarlyWarning Systems (DEWS) helped preventany major disease outbreak. However,communities in remote and inaccessibleareas have not been well covered with fullPrimary Health Care (PHC) packages.

Strategy

The Early Recovery Plan’s activities are inaccordance with ERRA’s policy frameworkfor the health sector. In the short term, itwill provide support to health officials at alllevels to re-establish preventive and cura-tive health care services including a properreferral system. Adequate health serviceswill be ensured for the residual populationsin camps, under process of re-settlementand/or relocation, returnees at their desti-nation and host communities. The EarlyRecovery Plan has built-in contingenciesaiming to prevent and respond to outbreakof diseases, to prepare the health system torespond to disasters and to provide mentalhealth and psycho-social care. In the medi-um to long term, focusing on developinghuman and institutional capacity, the inter-ventions will assist with monitoring thehealth status of the population, integrating

a communicable disease surveillance andearly warning system within the localhealth information and response system,and establishing a medical waste collectionand disposal system. Focusing on remain-ing relief as well as recovery health relatedneeds, the Early Recovery Plan will com-plement the health rehabilitation pro-grammes of the ADB, KFW, Kingdom ofSaudi Arabia, USAID and other donors.

Implementing Arrangements

All health programmes outlined will becoordinated through ERRA.Implementation in the affected areas willalso take place with the necessary provin-cial/district and local health authorities,including Department of Health, imple-menting partners and other governmentand rural development institutions.Implementation will be through the globalsystem of the Primary Heath CareNetwork.

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Access to essentialhealth services to theaffected population,with special focus onwomen and chil-dren.

� Implement the return health package. � Build capacity of health professionals

(especially female health providers) inresumption of functions.

� Implement standardized PHC pack-age.

� Maintain and expand the DEWS toinclude areas of return and remotelocations, and respond to alerts build-ing capacity and preparedness foremergencies including outbreaks.

� Share information on population andhealth.

� N∑ Percentage of facilitiesimplementing full PHCpackage, including MISP.

� Percentage of affected popu-lation with access to essentialhealth services, disaggregat-ed by gender.

� Percentage of heath profes-sional trained, disaggregatedby gender.

� Percentage of facilitiesreporting to DEWS.

� Percentage of outbreak alertsresponded to effectivelywithin 48 hours.

PHC/ TB services in Siranand Konch valleys inMansehra. (Mercy Corps)PAK/HL/001

Support to implementation ofPHC package (incl. MentalHealth, RH and CBR of dis-abled). (WHO)PAK/HL/002

Disease early WarningSystem expansion. (incl. EH).(WHO)PAK/HL/003

Support to Coordination andinformation management.(WHO)PAK/HL/004

Improving Maternal andNewborn care. (UNFPA)PAK/HL/005

Accomodations for ruralfemale health workers. (IOM)PAK/HL/006

Maternal and child healthprogramme. (UNICEF)PAK/HL/007

Establishment of orthopaedicworkshop. (Response Int’l) PAK/HL/008

1,400,000

2,200,000(700,000)

2,300,000(200,000)

1,100,000(100,000)

1,363,000

500,000

16,000,000*

700,000

Results Framework: Health

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Emergency reactivation andprovision of Primary healthcare services in the lowerNeelum Valley (Merlin)PAK/HL/009

Rehabilitation services fordisable persons in NWFP.(Handicap Int’l)PAK/HL/010

Targeted SupplementaryFeeding Programme formothers and children inselected affected areas. (WFPand UNICEF)PAK/HL/011

Health Assessments andmedical screening ofreturnees. (IOM)PAK/HL/012

Enhance coping mechanismsfor disabled through commu-nity based rehabilitation(WHO) PAK/HL/013

Provision of primary health-care service support inKaghan and Siran Valleys.(IMC)PAK/HL/014

Training community healthworkers (ResponseInternational)PAK/HL/015

1,400,000

848,233

2,869,000(1,869,000)

450,000

300,000

862,354

400,000



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Integrate reliefhealth programmeswithin the localhealth system (com-municable diseasesurveillance system,outbreak responseplans, drugs man-agement and med-ical waste disposal).

� Provide support to MoH in adoptinga district wide communicable diseasesurveillance and early warning sys-tem.

� Develop plans and procedures forresponding to outbreaks, disaster pre-paredness and package for collectingand disposing medical waste acrossthe district.

� Provide infection control procedureswithin hospital and other health facili-ties in the area.

� Establish an efficient medicines man-agement system.

� Initiate consultations with stakehold-ers on options for addressing HRchallenges.

� Number of districts with - integrated communicabledisease surveillance system. - plans for outbreakresponse.- disaster plans- drug management and sup-ply systems- system for medical wastemanagement.

� Number of health districtmanagers trained on disastermanagement.

Epidemic Preparedness andoutbreak response – surveil-lance, equipment supplies.(WHO)PAK/HL/016

Disaster health preparednessplanning and training.(WHO)PAK/HL/017

Management of medical andsolid waste. (WHO)PAK/HL/018

2,000,000

450,000

1,000,000(300,000)

ERevitalize thehealth system withan emphasis on PHCand referral throughDepartment ofHealth.

� Provide equipment and drugs wheregaps exist through established tempo-rary health facilities (prefabs).

� Develop incentive packages to recruitand retain health care staff (especiallyfemale) in areas of need.

� Expand capacities of health staff tobuild and maintain an efficient healthcare delivery system.

� Strengthen monitoring and supervi-sion functions in the health system toenable local health authorities.

� Number of rehabilitatedfacilities equipped and sup-plied with medicines.

� Number of rehabilitatedfacilities providing full PHCpackage.

� Percentage of health facilitiesfully staffed.

�Number of districts withestablished monitoring sys-tems for service delivery.

EImprove management sys-tems for MNH. (UNFPA)PAK/HL/019

Support management andcapacity building of districtmanagement. (WHO)PAK/HL/020

750,000

1,000,000

* The breakdown of the USD16 million is the following: i) community initiative/mobilization (USD 3 mil); ii) service provision for MCH (USD 8 mil); and iii) capacitybuilding for MCH activities, including female health workers (USD5 mil).




4.3 LIVELIHOODS

Situation

Through the earthquake affected areas,employment, in public administration

and services, small and medium enterpris-es and small-scale agriculture and livestockare major sources of income and liveli-hoods. The earthquake has inflicted heavydamage to all kinds of productive infra-structure including businesses, farmlands,livestock, remittance channels and marketinfrastructure. The loss of employment andlack of social safety nets has placed manyfamilies in a precarious position. The loss ofproductive potential has in turn had com-munal and social consequences as uncer-tainties about the future remain. The rapidcreation of income generating activities is

essential. The environment is now exposedto an unprecedented demand on naturalresources for survival and reconstruction.In the urban areas, the highly sodic rubblewith hazardous waste buried underneathposes a serious environmental and healththreat. Additionally, the scarred land usedfor hosting the IDP camps will need majorrehabilitation once people have returned totheir places of origin.

Strategy

In the short term, over 80,000 people will beengaged in the food-for- work activitiessuch as clearing market-access roads andrehabilitating river and road embank-ments. Cash-for-work activities will mainlytarget vulnerable households and smallbusinesses. These initiatives will comple-ment the programme supported by theWorld Bank geared towards providingshort-term financial support to the mostvulnerable families. With a view to coverthe possible gaps in targeting and the timelag, food assistance will be needed for thehomeless, displaced and vulnerable people.The approach for delivering food assistanceduring early recovery will therefore betwofold: 1) it will be targeted to the mostvulnerable and 2) it will foster economicrestoration. Building on local capacity, a setof measures will aim to develop the liveli-hoods of the affected populations in urbancentres. These measure will include skillsdevelopment, the provision of micro-finance services and support to small andmedium enterprises. In rural areas, effortswill focus on increasing farm production,

natural resource management, familynutrition and incomes through replacinglost production assets and services. Specialattention will be placed on women and vul-nerable groups, including widows, female-headed households and physically dis-abled.

ERRA’s capacity to mainstream environ-mental concerns in the recovery efforts willbe strengthened by providing: specializedprofessionals to support the planning andimplementation of the LivelihoodRehabilitation Programme; strategies topromote alternative energy and buildingmaterials; GIS data on landslips; intellectu-al and material assistance in restoring thenatural habitat and technical support formanaging the rubble and other waste mate-rials in an ecologically safe manner.

Implementation arrangements

All programmes will be coordinatedthrough ERRA. Implementation will bethrough partnerships between the commu-nities, the line departments, includingDepartments of Labour and Public Works,Forestry, Agriculture, Livestock, Health,Local Government, Rural Development,and the local NGOs. A coordinated partici-pation by the civil society organizationswill be encouraged to improve the scaleand quality of outreach.

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Skills developmentand essential eco-nomic services torestore income gen-erating activities ofaffected populations,especially womenand vulnerablegroups.

� Create temporary job opportunities,such as cash-for-work programmes,with focus on rehabilitating andreconstructing minor infrastructure.

� Increase/diversify incomes, rehabili-tate community infrastructure, clearsecondary access roads and reactivatemarket, improve food security byintegrating environmental considera-tion such as land slide risk and defor-estation.

� Develop skills and create employmentopportunities for disadvantaged andvulnerable groups.

� Create self-employment throughdevelopment of small and medium-sized enterprises.

� Provide access to micro-finance andnon-financial services for marginal-ized men and women.

� Collect gender disaggregated baselinedata and conduct assessments ofavailable raw materials and produc-tion assets.

� Enhance the capacity of concernedline departments and NGOs toaddress recovery issues in an efficientand gender sensitive manner.

� Initiate income generation pro-gramme for widows and singlewomen.

� Number of beneficiaries ofcash-for-work, disaggregatedby gender.

� Number of trained people inskills development courses,disaggregated by gender.

� Proportion of beneficiariesengaged in income generat-ing activities.

Employment intensive recy-cling of rubble in earthquakeaffected areas. (UNDP)PAK/LH/001

Post-earthquake recoveryoperation - 262,000 people tobe trained. (WFP)PAK/LH/002

Rapid income supportthrough employment forrestoring livelihoods. (ILO)PAK/LH/003

Cash-for-work for vulnerableearthquake affected house-holds. (Save the Children US)PAK/LH/004

Skills training for women,men & youth and communityfunds for the most vulnera-ble. (Save the ChildrenSweden) PAK/LH/005

Livelihood rehabilitation inMansehra and Balakot, andrepair and reconstruction ofsmall infrastructure. (CON-CERN WORLDWIDE)PAK/LH/006

Vocational & SkillsDevelopment Centres, andskill development for vulner-able women of NWFP. (TVO)PAK/LH/007

3,000,000

23,200,000(12,200,000)

3,000,000

300,000(fully funded)

1,000,000

2,643,117(1,643,117)

610,816(1323,816)

Results Framework: Livelihoods

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Support and rehabilitation ofrural livelihoods in KaghanValley. (ACTED)PAK/LH/008

Protection and recovery ofrural livelihoods in NWFP.(DOSTI) PAK/LH/009

Livelihood support to female-headed households. (CWS –P/A). PAK/LH/010

Enhanced livelihoodsthrough seed distribution,cash-for-work and vocationaltraining. (IRC)PAK/LH/011

Protection and recovery ofrural livelihoods in earth-quake affected areas, and sus-tainable return and recoverythrough revival of tourism inKaghan Valley. (ICMC)PAK/LH/012

Income generation pro-gramme for widows and sin-gle women. (BEST)PAK/LH/013

1,500,000

1,000,000(200,000)

720,000(fully funded)

1,600,000(100,000)

1,500,000(100,000)

200,000



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Implement commu-nity- based and gen-der sensitive liveli-hood recovery pro-grammes, includingaccess to finance.

� Form and revive community basedorganizations in places of return.

� Undertake participatory needs assess-ments and recovery planning at thecommunity level.

� Mobilize resources to meet identifiedneeds.

� Involve women as integral stakehold-ers in all activities.

� Number of CBOs involvingwomen as integral stakehold-ers implementing projects

Community-based liveli-hoods recovery programmefor earthquake affected areas.(UNDP) PAK/LH/014

Community based infrastruc-ture and livelihood pro-gramme in AJK. (IFAD)PAK/LH/015

Community based infrastruc-ture and livelihood pro-gramme in NWFP. (IFAD)PAK/LH/016

Restoration of livelihood,housing and essential com-munity level infrastructureand capacity. (IFAD)PAK/LH/017

Establishment of womenhandicraft production centrein Mansehra. (HRDN)PAK/LH/018

4,280,000(fully funded)

3,000,000 (fully funded)



100,000

Restore livelihoodsof farm families byenhancing farm pro-duction, familynutrition and ruralincomes.

� Assist and support ERRA to developand operationalise a livelihoods reha-bilitation strategy

� Replace livestock and crop productionassets.

� Restore and improve agricultural andveterinary facilities and services.

� Number of female partici-pants in cash-and food- for-work schemes.

Protection and restoration ofon-farm livelihoods. (Oxfam)PAK/LH/019

Emergency assistance to sup-port the rehabilitation of theagricultural sector and poorhousehold livelihoods inearthquake affected areas &provision of technical assis-tance to build back better.(FAO) PAK/LH/020


19,800,000(14,800,000)


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� Strengthen community organisationsto participate through cash-and food-for- work schemes in repair of farmand agricultural infrastructure.

� Provide vocational training inimproved agricultural practices

� Enhance environmental sustainabilitythrough watershed rehabilitation andslope stabilisation schemes.

� Encourage tree nursery production,with attention to rural women.

� Undertake more precise and gender-disaggregated needs assess-ments.

Input distribution & livestockrestocking. (World Vision)PAK/LH/021

Cash-for-Work and seed dis-tribution. (CARE international) PAK/LH/022


1,500,000(1,060,000)

Restore livelihoodsby integrating envi-ronmental consider-ations into rehabili-tation reconstructionefforts, includingreducing landsliderisks and deforesta-tion.

� Promote environmentally sound andlabour-intensive practices for remov-ing rubble; recycling of building mate-rials; disposing hazardous substancesand restoring vacated camp sites.

� Promote the use of sustainable andenergy efficient building materialsand designs, and identify sites forreconstruction safe from landsliderisks;

� Provide training on environmentalconservation and sustainable land useplanning;

� Document tangible/ intangible her-itage which will be used to promoteresponsible tourism.

� Cubic metres of debris dis-posed in an environmentallysound manner

� Number of camp sitesrestored

� Hectares of land stabilizedand appropriately replanted

Environmental recovery pro-gramme for earthquakeaffected areas (UNDP/UNEP) PAK/LH/023

Ecosystem and livelihoodrehabilitation in NWFP andPAK. (IUCN) PAK/LH/024

Forest conservation and natu-ral resource management.(CARE International)PAK/LH/025

Environmental and heritagerestoration and conservationprogramme for responsibletourism. (HeritageFoundation) PAK/LH/026

3,600,000

2,000,000

500,000(fully funded

500,000




4.4 WATER and SANITATION

Situation

The earthquake destroyed or severelydamaged existing infrastructure. More

than 90 per cent of the springs (the primarysource of water) were severely damaged ordestroyed and over 3,366 rural and urbanwater supply schemes /systems were fullyor partially damaged in both regions. Thissituation has compelled people to useunsafe water sources such as rivers, nallas,unprotected springs and ponds.

Strategy

The Early Recovery Plan’s activities for thenext 12 months are fully in accordance withERRA’s strategy for the water and sanita-tion sector. Access to safe water means life;access to adequate sanitation means digni-ty and public health. The Early RecoveryPlan’s target is to facilitate access to safewater supply for up to 2 million people,adequate sanitation facilities, and promo-tion of safer hygiene behaviour to up to 1.2million people. During the return andrecovery process WES services in remain-ing consolidated camps and returnees intheir home villages (including schools andhealth facilities) must continue. Supportwill be provided to promote appropriatesanitation facilities for individuals in ruralareas and access to collective sewage net-work for urban areas when conditions ofsustainability are met. The same approachapplies for solid waste collection and dis-posal systems in the urban areas. Hygiene

education, whichincludes awarenessbuilding, trainingand provision ofessential hygienekits, will cover about50 per cent of theaffected population,both rural and urban,encompassing some3,000 primary schoolswhere teachers inaddition to imamsand CommunityBased Organizationswill be used to dis-seminate hygienemessages.

I m p l e m e n t a t i o nArrangements

All water and sanita-tion programmes willbe coordinatedthrough ERRA. All project and supportcosts will adhere to the ERRA guidelines,and those budget figures quoted below areindicative only. Implementation in theaffected areas will take place with the nec-essary provincial/district and local author-ities, implementing partners and other gov-ernment and rural government institutions.Comprehensive joint assessments, surveysand baselines will be conducted prior toimplementation. Communities includingreligious leaders, teachers and women’sgroups will act as a conduit for implemen-tation. Bilateral cooperation will focus on

urban areas.

Many agencies have requested that fund-ing be channelled through UNICEF, andthe decision has been supported andencouraged by ERRA. In line with theGoP’s desire for equity within the affectedarea, the Districts falling outside the areasof operation by UNICEF are allocated pro-portional funding as per the ERRA break-down. Suitable implementing partners willbe sought to address needs in these loca-tions.


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2 million affectedpeople have accessto safe water.

� Continue service delivery in consoli-dated camps, densely urban and ruralcentres.

� Rehabilitate water supplysystems/schemes where the commu-nity is ready to contribute.

� Engage community participationincluding women.

� Provide safe drinking water and sani-tation facilities in temporary schoolsthrough: capacity development; serv-ice delivery; communication andsocial mobilisation.

� Restore governmental and non-gov-ernmental capacities, including com-munities and CBOs.

� Assess the needs through surveys andmaps (target: populated villages;schools and health facilities, urbancentres with 5,000 to 10,000 popula-tion).

� Percentage of the populationwith access to drinking watersupply as per national stan-dards outside the camps.

� Percentage of IDP popula-tion in camps with access todrinking water as perSPHERE standards.

Note: Projects and correspondingbudgets cover all three objectives.

Mansehra / Batagram /Muzaffarabad / BaghDistricts:

UNICEF and partners includ-ing: Line departments, IMC,IDSP, ACTED, ARC, ACF,Taraqee, IRC, Mercy Corps,Arche’ Nova, Islamic ReliefPAK/WS/001

WHOPAK/WS/002

SolidalitePAK/WS/003

Shangla District (7.7%)

Other Implementing Partnersto be identified

Khoistan District (4%)

Others to be identified

Poonch District (3.6%)

Norwegian Church Aid

Others to be identified

24,764,600(13,526,610)

249,600(41,000)

500,000(450,000)

2,242,236

1,164,798

334,000(34,000)

714,318

1.2 million affectedpeople have accessto adequate sanita-tion facilities, includ-ing in consolidatedcamps, and in theschools and healthfacilities (includingsolid waste disposalin the urban areas).

� Replace and rehabilitate latrines inconsolidated camps, schools andhealth facilities.

� Provide communities with slabs andknowledge to build their own latrines.

� Promote semi-collective systems inurban areas and collective systemswhere sustainability is ensured.

� Conduct KAP studies to set the base-line, disaggregated by gender.

� Percentage of populationwith access to adequate sani-tation facilities, disaggregat-ed by gender.

� Percentage of schools withaccess to adequate sanitationfacilities.

� Percentage of health facilitieswith access to adequate sani-tation facilities.

Results Framework: Water & Sanitation


22



1.2 million affectedpeople practice saferhygiene behaviour.

� Develop global strategy on hygieneeducation through communal andsocial mobilization.

� Promote solid waste collection anddisposal in urban areas and schools.

� Train communities, NGOs and localmasons to promote use of latrines,other sanitation technologies andhygiene promotion.

� Provide support to construction oftemporary household latrines

� Include hygiene education in PHCpackage and in school facilities.

� Continue support to all aspects ofWATSAN services within residualcamps.

� Proportion of people withaccess to hygienic latrines incamps.

� Number of cases of waterborne diseases.

� Number of people in campswith diarrhoea.

Results Framework: Water & Sanitation



4.5 HOUSING, SHELTER andCAMPMANAGEMENT

Situation

About 400,000 houses were initially esti-mated to have been either totally

destroyed or severely damaged. The most

recent estimates show that the actual num-ber of affected dwellings exceeded 600,000.Given the extent of this damage, the provi-sion of appropriate emergency sheltermaterials prevented mass downward andoutward migration. Reconstruction willincreasingly make use of transitional shel-ter materials supplied throughout the

emergency phase to supplement those thatare recoverable from the remains of shat-tered homes.

While the majority of an estimated 300,000IDPs will return, a “residual” case-load willrequire temporary shelter solutions inplanned camps until either land tenureissues are settled, destroyed land is recov-ered, access is improved, or new plots, areallocated. A likely scenario is that emer-gency shelter will be required through thewinter 2006 – 2007 for a number of people.Some spontaneous settlements consistingof less than 50 tents will need to be “consol-idated” into prepared sites as they couldpose a health risk. In addition, it is likelythat a proportion of those who return homewill not have constructed adequate safeshelter by the onset of next winter. Suchpeople will be vulnerable and may returnto the valleys for the next winter.

Emergency needs relating to hazards suchas flash-floods, wind, monsoon rain andnew landslides will result in new case-loads. Ideally, these population groupsrequire non-tent solutions to their shelterneeds but winterized tents will be neededin the consolidated camps for vulnerablepersons

Strategy

Rural Housing Reconstruction StrategyIn implementing ERRA’s Rural HousingReconstruction Strategy, rebuilding isowner-driven, using accessible materials.Particular emphasis will be placed onensuring that houses are rebuilt following

23

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the seismic-resistant building standards.Housing reconstruction centres and 650mobile teams will be established to provideguidance, technical assistance and training.These activities are especially importantsince ERRA is linking compliance withthese building standards to compensationpayments for destroyed and damagedhouses. Activities will be undertaken toguarantee that land and property rights arerespected.

Urban Re-planningWhile the earthquake has had a devastat-ing affect on the six major towns in theaffected areas, the disaster will allow forthe reorganisation and rebuilding of theseurban areas into better centres. The EarlyRecovery Plan will allow for provision oftransitional shelter to urban communitiesnot residing in planned camps.

Camp ManagementThe strategy will include information dis-semination to returnees, transport of IDPsto areas of origin, protection monitoring(with special attention to women), andcamp closure, clean up and decommission-ing of latrines and other infrastructure andlimited site rehabilitation. Once thereturnees have been assisted to return totheir places of origin, the care and mainte-nance of the residual caseload and in con-solidated camps will continue through theDistrict Coordination Officer (DCO) inNWFP and the Camp ManagementOrganizations (CMO) in AJK with the assis-tance of UN for service delivery and NGOsfor day-to-day management. Stockpiles of

winterized tents will be maintained as acontingency to accommodate those likelyto be in consolidated camps next winter.


All housing reconstruction activities will beundertaken in full collaboration withprovincial and district governments andlocal authorities. UN-HABITAT, UETs,Professional Associations, NSET, RedR-IHE, SPO, Emergency Architects and otherswill provide technical expertise. The estab-lishment of eleven housing reconstructioncentres will be supported by UNHABITAT,Swiss Development Cooperation and GTZ.A wide range of partner organizations havebeen tasked by ERRA to train communitymembers in earthquake resistant buildingtechniques in a minimum of one unioncouncil each. The coordination and report-ing of these activities will take placethrough the housing reconstruction centres.

In managing camps, ERRA as well asprovincial and district governments, andlocal authorities will be supported by UNagencies and their implementing partners.Camp management responsibility has beenhanded over to DCO in NWFP, CMO inAJK and local authorities supported byday-to-day management by NGOs andprovision of services by GoP, UN andNGOs. Information dissemination will bein accordance with ERRA’s policy.


24

25



Permanent ruralhousing using earth-quake resistantbuilding techniques

� Common guidelines and training cur-ricula.

� Training of trainers for partner organ-izations in earthquake resistant build-ing techniques.

� 11 Housing Reconstruction Centres toprovide technical assistance for ruralreconstruction.

� 650 mobile teams to cover 4,000 vil-lages to train community members inearthquake resistant building tech-niques.

� Proportion of permanentdwellings rebuilt accordingto ERRA seismic resistantstandards.

Support to ERRA for ruralhousing reconstruction strate-gy, including establishing 6housing reconstruction cen-tres (UN-HABITAT)PAK/HS/001

The following partner organi-zations will support theestablishment of the 650mobile teams: PAK/HS/002

Save the Children (US)Atlas LogistiqueIOMHabitat for HumanityChurch World ServicesCare InternationalShelter for LifeHelpers FoundationIRCACTEDThe Citizens FoundationIHRO and PartnersKaravan PakistanSamaritan’s PurseSungi Dev. FoundationBESTIslamic ReliefKashmir Education FundMercy CorpsEmergency ArchitectsKashmir Int’l Relief FundInterfaith League AgainstPoverty

1,000,000

219,702572,375200,000100,000100,000300,000490,000100,000400,000500,000500,000200,000100,000100,000700,000400,000400,000300,000400,000200,000200,000100,000

Total: 7,582,077(429,851)

Results Framework: Housing, Shelter and Camp Management

26



Capacity of munici-pal authorities to re-plan damagedand destroyed urbancentres to be eco-nomically efficient,environmentally sensitive and socially responsive.

� Support local participatory processfor urban re-planning to identify pri-ority concerns and agree upon strate-gies.

� Number of local urban re-planning strategies devel-oped.

Urban re-planning of earthquake affected areas.(UN-HABITAT) PAK/HS/003

1,000,000

Transitional shelter(non-tent solutions)for displaced /returning / affectedurban populationsnot residing inplanned camps, andtechnical support toERRA and localauthorities.

� Seismic-resistant frame structureswithin five urban areas and erect amodel shelter in each selected location.

� Local participatory processes to iden-tify priority concerns.

� Technical guidelines for non-tentdwelling solutions.

� Technical advice for a national shelterpolicy.

� Support ERRA and local authoritycoordination activities, includingestablishing provincial and federalcoordinators.

� Technical support, including rapidresponse repair and support systemsand services in five areas.

� Coverage of transitional shel-ters provided to displacedand affected communitiesand extremely vulnerablegroups in urban and sub-urban areas.

� Amount of rubble removedand transported in environ-mentally safe manner.

� Amount of rubble recycledand reused in reconstructionprocess.

� Number of labour days gen-erated including for women.

� Increased number of compa-nies in earthquake-affectedareas equipped to participatein reconstruction process.

Transitional housing in urbanareas (IOM) (ACTED;Haashar; IRC; Action Aid;Oxfam-Sungi; KDO; Aman;UN-Habitat) PAK/HS/004

Emergency Shelter. (TVO;Action Aid) PAK/HS/005

Purchase, storage, and distri-bution of urban shelter kitsfor urban residents living inown property. (IOM)PAK/HS/006

Rubble Recycling and female-led gabion cage constructionand installation in urbanareas prioritized by ERRA.(IOM) PAK/HS/007

Fire safety, education &wiring. (JVC-SPADO-PESCO)PAK/HS/008

10,636,000

73,000

2,100,000

13,200,000

491,380

Maintain camp sitesfor the populationunable to return tooriginal homes andsupport governmentin managing resid-ual caseload.

� Focus on capacity building for gov-ernment management, policy settingand information systems.

� Number of new and current-ly operational sites identfied.

� Camp closure/ managementtraining provided.

� Training provided onProtection/IDP GuidingPrinciples.

Emergency Response to theSouth Asia Earthquake.(UNHCR)PAK/HS/009

No additional fundsrequired.


27



� Specific needs identified and servicesput in place by other clusters andtheir partners.

�Number of technical staff seconded toDCO, CMO and ERRA.

Identify permanentsolutions for theresidual caseload incamps.

� Register residual caseload. � Complete vulnerable. assessment

and intentions survey. � Complete consolidation of camps. � Establish legal Aid and Advice

Centres.� Gather and disseminate information

from various sources. (Army, ICLA,Go & See Visits, etc).

� Lists prepared and questionnairescompleted.

� GoP announces return plan andreturn package approved/announced.

� Number of residual cases identified.� Number of vulnerable cases consoli-

dated and services continue. � Affectees have access to informa-

tion/legal assistance.

Registration of residualcaseload in camps byCMO, DCO and support-ed by UN and IPs.

No additionalfunds required.

Hand over CampManagementresponsibility toCMO/DCO andlocal authoritiesand identify NGOsfor day-to-daymanagement.

� Hold training courses to reinforceCMO/ DCO capacity.

� Service provider clusters continueservice in residual camps.

� Clean well organized camps, whichmeet sphere standards.

� Facilitate establishing a link betweenthe civil authorities and relief/recov-ery agencies.

� Facilitate establishing linkagesbetween NGOs and donors.

� Affectees entitled to sphere standardsfor camps.

� CMO / DCO assumed responsibilities.� Camp closure and management

training provided.� Local NGO(s) identified to support

civil authorities in camp managementactivities.

� Linkages between donors and localNGOs reinforced.

Camp management train-ing. (NRC/RedR)

No additionalfunds required.

Close camps inaccordance with theplans of the GoP.

� Disseminate information.� Distribute NFIs in places of origin

and food ration pre-departure.� Provide safe and adequate transport

to areas of return.� Establish a de-registration and

departure process. � Monitor return process prior to

departure and en route.

� Number of camps closed.� Number of people who return to

place of origin.� Number of staff deployed to monitor.� Pre-departure checklists established

and de-registration process results indeparture database.

Camp closure. No additionalfunds required.

Total cost forCampManagementProjects:8,332,946

Total Cost: 43,415,503Available Funds: 8,762,797



4.6 SUPPORT to NEEDS of VULNERABLE GROUPS

Situation

Many earthquake affected women andchildren have lost family members,

making them widows or orphans. Manyhave been physically disabled. Other fac-tors exacerbating vulnerabilities includediscrimination based on gender, age, mari-tal and socio-economic status. A recent sur-vey of some 250,000 IDPs living in 455camps confirmed the extent to which dis-placement has exacerbated the suffering ofvulnerable groups. It is important to ensurethat the return and resettlement processesaddress the special needs of the vulnerablepopulation. Four vulnerable groups war-rant special attention:

1. children who lost their principal care-givers, separated from family, or unac-companied by responsible adults;

2. widows and single women withoutsupport and a decent source of liveli-hood;

3. elderly people without care-takers; and 4. disabled people unable to manage on

their own.

Strategy

The Government has acceded to majorinternational human rights conventions,including the Convention on theElimination of All Forms of Discriminationagainst Women and the Convention of theRights of the Child. The Early Recovery

Plan will provide the necessary support tocentral and local authorities to assume leadresponsibility in identifying and support-ing vulnerable people. Close coordinationwith other clusters and sectors will helpmainstream the concerns of vulnerablepeople in all aspects of service provision.(Income-generating activities targeting vul-nerable groups are reflected in theLivelihoods sector.)

The following strategic interventions willbe undertaken:

1. Creating awareness among duty bear-ers and right holders at all levels oflocal communities and policy makers;

2. Enhancing the technical and opera-tional capacities of all partners includ-ing local governments, national NGOsand CBOs to protect and support vul-nerable individuals and groups;

3. Introducing community-based appro-aches to the protection, rehabilitation,and reintegration of vulnerable indi-viduals within their indigenous soci-eties. Institutionalized resident carewill be used as a last resort and for theshortest possible time.

4. Empowering vulnerable people, espe-cially widows and female-headedhouseholds.


ERRA has prepared a strategy on protec-

tion which will guide the Early RecoveryPlan. Relevant ministries, local authoritiesand communities will be supported to facil-itate the smooth return and reintegration ofIDPs and vulnerable groups and ensurethat they have access to community-basedrehabilitative services.


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Awareness andcapacity to protectagainst neglect,abuse and exploita-tion.

� Raise awareness of the rights of chil-dren and women for special protec-tive measures. Set up systems formonitoring and reporting the fulfil-ment of the rights of these vulnerablegroups.

� Change in the level of com-munal awareness of rights ofchildren and women. (KAPStudies)

Access to mainstreamed andspecial rehabilitative services.(UNICEF) PAK/SV/001

Child protection andEmpowerment of Adolescentsin Batagram and Mansehra.(BEST) PAK/SV/002

Income Generation Programfor widows and unmarriedsingle woman. (BEST)PAK/SV/003

Child Protection. (HayatFoundation) PAK/SV/004

Birth Registration in Maidanand Maira. (Plan Pakistan)PAK/SV/005

Socio-economic rights moni-toring of the voluntary andsustainable return of theearthquake affected commu-nities. (OCHCR)PAK/SV/006

2,000,000(1,000,000)

800,000

800,000

60,000

60,000

100,000

Available and acces-sible community-based rehabilitativeservices for all vul-nerable people.

�Rebuild/strengthen the capacity ofSocial Welfare Departments in theaffected areas to protect children andwomen.

�Enhance access to protective servicesand psychosocial support for vulnera-ble people.

�Work with government to developpolicy and legal framework for theestablishment of protective systems.

�Percentage of vulnerable pop-ulation with access to reha-bilitation services

Skill development project forvulnerable women of earth-quake affected area of NWFP.(TVO) PAK/SV/007

Sustainable return and reha-bilitation through skill &Enterprise development.(CARAVAN) PAK/SV/008

300,000

200,000

Results Framework: Support to Needs of Vulnerable Groups


30



Rehabilitation of Earthquakeaffectees through infrastruc-ture development. (CARA-VAN) PAK/SV/009

Child protection policy,administrative and legislativeframework. (UNICEF)PAK/SV/010

Responding to Women’s andAdolescent Girls Health andPersonal Hygiene Needs.(UNFPA) PAK/SV/011

Community based protectionand psychosocial support forcommunities affected by theearthquake. (CWS) PAK/SV/012

Sustainable recovery ofearthquake affected vulnera-ble population. (HAASHARAssociation) PAK/SV/013

Community based child pro-tection. (Save the ChildrenSweden) PAK/SV/014

Rehabilitation andDeveloping Child ProtectionSystems in Affected Districtsof Pakistan AdministeredKashmir. (Save the ChildrenUK) PAK/SV/015

Revival of women vocationaltraining centres. (Women andChildren WelfareOrganization) PAK/SV/016

200,000

800,000(500,000)

600,000

200,000

10,000

600,000

1,000,000

100,000


31



IDPs able to makeinformed voluntarydecision on theirreturn to places oforigin and thoseIDPs unable toreturn are providedwith decent supportin residual camps.

�Advocate/sensitize concerned author-ities to the individual rights of IDP.Inform IDPs of available assistanceand options during the return andresettlement processes

�Monitor the return and resettlementprocesses by all partners.Provide vulnerable people who areunable to return (residual camp popu-lation) with required support.

� Percentage of IDPs who havevoluntarily returned.)

Supporting local authoritiesand communities to facilitatereturn and recovery in affect-ed areas with emphasis onvulnerable groups. (IRC)PAK/SV/017

Durable Solutions forExtremely VulnerableIndividuals (EVI) inMansehra, Batagram andMuzaffarabad District.(ICMC) PAK/SV/018

100,000

800,000

Vulnerable remainwith and are caredfor by their fami-lies/care-givers tothe extent possible.

� Establish local/community-based sys-tems for monitoring, reporting andfollowing up on vulnerable peopleduring the return and resettlementprocess.

� Establish district and sub-district levelreferral systems for vulnerable peoplein need of support services, including.Provide long term family reintegra-tion for the separated and vulnerablechildren.

�Number of vulnerable peo-ple separated from care-givers during the returnprocess.

�Number of local/communi-ty-based monitoring unitsestablished.

�Number of vulnerable peo-ple assisted as part of thereferral system.

Creating Child friendlyCommunities. (IRC)PAK/SV/019

Strengthening Local mecha-nisms to protect VulnerableChildren. (IRC) PAK/SV/020

Post-disaster rehabilitation ofchildren affected by the earth-quake in Mansehra. (Terredes hommes) PAK/SV/021

Strengthen protective envi-ronment at community level.(UNICEF) PAK/SV/022

800,000

700,000

400,000

2,200,000(1,200,000)




4.7 GOVERNANCE and DISAS-TER RISK REDUCTION

Situation

The earthquake affected the institutionaland human capacity of local authori-

ties, placing enormous pressure on theirability to administer, plan and managerelief and recovery. Civil servants fromother parts of the country, the humanitariancommunity, local volunteers and the mili-tary have temporarily provided surgecapacity support. The need to restore anddevelop capacity of civil society and gov-ernment at all levels to engage fully in therecovery process has gained new urgencyin recent months in view of the Militaryphasing down its leadership role after therelief operations.

The political will to plan, implement andmainstream disaster reduction into thedevelopment process has never been high-er. The Government has announced as afirst step the establishment of an institutionat the federal level that will drive the devel-opment of comprehensive disaster riskmanagement system that will eventuallyspan the regional, district and communitylevels.

Strategy

Particular emphasis will be placed onstrengthening the capacities of ERRA andthe provincial authorities to coordinate andmonitor all relevant post earthquake activi-ties. Transparency and accountability of aid

flows will be enhanced through improvedcapacities at all levels and through theestablishment of the DevelopmentAssistance Database (DAD). Concertedefforts will be required to strengthen theinstitutional mechanisms and strategies fordisaster risk management. Assessing multi-ple hazards, vulnerabilities and mitigationcapacity will be the pre-condition for mak-ing sure that the recovery process inte-grates risk reduction considerations as wellas the principle of ‘Building Back Better’.

Local government representatives and civilsociety will benefit from targeted trainingto enable them to support affected commu-nities. This will be pursued in parallel withthe physical restoration of governmentassets and administrative hubs and officialrecords. Initiatives will also focus on main-streaming environmental impact assess-ments as well as gender concerns into pro-grammes and the Government’s nationalplans. Community-based disaster reduc-tion and mobilization initiatives will be car-ried out to strengthen preparedness andlocal coping capacities. At the same time,special efforts will be undertaken to reducelandslide risks and deforestation for sus-tainable natural resource management.


The implementation of all governance pro-grammes will take place in close coordina-tion with ERRA as well as provincial andlocal authorities. In addition, the UN agen-cies, national and international NGOs and

IFIs will closely collaborate with the rele-vant national, provincial and local authori-ties.

Restoration and strengthening of local gov-ernment’s functions is paramount to suc-cessful rehabilitation and reconstruction.Particular emphasis will be placed onstrengthening the capacities of ERRA andthe provincial authorities to coordinate andmonitor all relevant post earthquake activi-ties. Disaster risk management will bestrengthened through the institutionaldevelopment and strategies for disastermanagement at all levels.


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Develop capacity ofGovernment andcivil society for par-ticipatory and trans-parent rehabilitationand recovery.

� Enhance capacity of authorities torestore and maintain official recordsand statistics.

� Assess citizens and communitiesinformation needs related to recon-struction, and design a citizens cen-tred information system, packagingand dissemination. Also record andcommunicate citizens’ feedback onreconstruction.

� Establish forward logistical andadministrative hubs to support sus-tainable returns and recovery.

� Develop capacity of NGOs to ensureadequate support to community-based recovery efforts.

� Conduct training for Government andcivil society in employing participato-ry planning techniques for servicedelivery.

� Number of governmentoffices where record restora-tion is initiated.

� PERA, SERA, DRUs estab-lished and operational.

� Coordination mechanism forthe recovery phase set up.

� Number of training initia-tives in participatory plan-ning.

BEGINER (Building EnablingGovernance and Institution.for Earthquake Recovery)(UNDP) PAK/GD/001

Technical Assistance for theManagement of EarthquakeEarly Recovery. (UNDP)PAK/GD/002

Forward administrative andlogistical support hubs tofacilitate the return of dis-placed populations and com-munity stabilisation.(IOM/Relief International)PAK/GD/003

2,500,000(1,500,000)

1,100,000(1,000,000)

1,000,000

Strengthen the insti-tutional and legisla-tive system for incor-porating disasterrisk managementinto recovery anddevelopment efforts.

� Develop the coordination and moni-toring capacity of ERRA.

� Establish a Development AssistanceDatabase (DAD) to coordinate, man-age and monitor recovery aid flowsand their results, while facilitatingtheir alignment with national priori-ties.

� Strengthen institutional mechanisms,policies, legislation, plans and strategies for disaster risk manage-ment at federal, regional, district andlocal levels.

� Adequate national and sec-toral strategies in place fordevelopment of a compre-hensive national disaster riskmanagement system.

� Number of government offi-cials trained in disaster riskmanagement.

� Number of users of DAD.� Number of men and women

trained in community-baseddisaster risk reduction andrecovery.

Strengthening Pakistan’s dis-aster risk management capac-ity. (UNDP) PAK/GD/004

Conducting an umbrella pro-gramme for communitybased disaster risk reductionand mitigation. (UNDP inpartnership with RedR, IOM,WHO, HFP, Sungi, Concern)PAK/GD/005

2,850,000(2,750,000)

4,500,000(100,000)

Results Framework: Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction

34

Results Framework: Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction



� Assess natural hazards, vulnerabili-ties, and mitigation capacity and iden-tify appropriate and gender sensitiverisk reduction measures.

� Integrate disaster risk managementinto the recovery and developmentprocess.

� Strengthen community-based disasterreduction and mobilization capacities.

� Support communities in planning andmanaging rehabilitation and recon-struction programmes.

Capacity development for aidcoordination of earthquakeassistance throughDevelopment AssistanceDatabase (DAD). (UNDP)PAK/GD/006

1,450,000(fully funded

Total Cost:13,400,000Available Funds: 6,800,000


4.8 COMMON SERVICES andCOORDINATION

Situation

The international community supportedthe Government’s response to the

earthquake by assisting with the coordina-tion of air and road transport, providingwarehousing and supply line help, settingup base camps in the field to coordinateinterventions on the ground and providinginformation and mapping services. As newopportunities and needs for recovery

emerge, these services will be required tounderpin the return process, projects in theaffected areas and on going humanitarianrequirements for urban camp dwellers whocannot return home.

With the start of the transition phase fromrelief to reconstruction, the Government is

gearing up to finalise a reconstructionimplementation strategy and to set up acoordination mechanism. The implementa-tion of the pledges of USD 6.2 billion byvarious donors is an unprecedented under-taking for all the partners involved inrecovery and reconstruction efforts. Theneed for strategic planning, effective coor-dination support and information dissemi-nation has become paramount.

Strategy

As OCHA, the main coordination playerduring the relief phase, is winding down itspresence, the nature of coordination effortsof IASC partners is changing and feed intothe Government’s coordination structure.The Government’s capacity will bestrengthened for coordination at the policyand operational levels with donors, IASCmembers, civil society organisations andnational academia. In light of this, OCHA’scoordination functions are gradually beingtransferred directly to the government andto the integrated UN ResidentCoordinator’s Office. The DevelopmentAssistance Database (DAD) will supportERRA in coordinating and managingrecovery aid flows, ensuring alignmentwith government priorities.

With the relief phase diminishing, roadtransport will be the primary mode of pro-viding support to the affected communi-ties. Mostly due to expected landslides thatwill play havoc with recovery and recon-struction, a reduced fleet of helicopters willbe maintained on a partial cost recovery

basis to reach remote areas and as emer-gency back up. The need remains for short-term transit storage facilities of food andnon-food items. Air transport is alsorequired for ERRA’s monitoring and evalu-ation purposes. As accommodation andoffice space is still difficult to find in someof the affected areas, base camps set up willremain a requirement. As road transportincreases, road maintenance and repair andslope stabilisation will be undertaken,using local community workers in coopera-tion with the Pakistan Military engineers.The international community will continueto work closely with the GoP to strengthenthe current system to ensure that there is aregular analysis of road access. UN Department of Safety and Security(UNDSS) will continue to provide safetyand security advice to the earthquakeaffected areas for UN and NGO staff andensure strict adherence to regulations toenable timely and proper response to emer-gency situations. In addition, DSS willassist the UNCT in timely and properresponse to security emergency situationsand ensure that operational and workablesecurity/medical evacuation plans are inplace. The existing communication net-works will facilitate relief operations andrecovery activities.

All common services programmes outlinedin the Early Recovery Plan will be coordi-nated with ERRA. Implementation in theaffected areas will take place in conjunctionwith the necessary provincial / district andlocal authorities and military when appro-priate.

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Create and maintainan enabling environ-ment for theGovernment andhumanitarian com-munity to continueresidual relief opera-tions

� Provide cargo transport by road to allhumanitarian partners, including roadtransport to hubs, secondary transportto remote places and warehousing.

� Provide essential air cargo for fivemonths (4 helicopters) in areas proneto landslides and to high altituderemote areas.

� Provide essential air transport forERRA staff for the purpose ofMonitoring and Evaluation.

� Clear and maintain road affected bylandslides for work and machinerythrough cash for work schemes.

� Monitor and report on road status. � Stabilise priority slopes.

� Provide warehousing and transit stor-age facilities in hubs.

� Provide UN base camps with accom-modation and office space in fieldoffice locations.

� Obtain maximum and most cost-effec-tive output from the resources allocat-ed for logistic activities.

� Provide security & safety support tofacilitate Field Operations.

� Number of UN Agencies,NGOs and InternationalOrganizations benefiting.

� Number of transports organ-ized.

� Total amount of cargo trans-ported by road.

� Percentage and total amountof cargo transported by air toroad-inaccessible cargo.

� Number of passengers trans-ported.

� Cost recovery mechanism tobe in place.

� Number of M & E field visitsconducted by ERRA staff.

� Findings of M & E field visitsadequately addressed andreported.

� Number of people recruitedand landsides cleared.

� Number of roads maintainedopen through project.

� Number of priority slopesidentified and stabilised.

� Amount in MT stored forinter-agency purposes.

� Number of staff hosted.� Quality of services provided.

ATLAS Logistique support toUN Agencies, NGOs andInternational Organizationsin the earthquake affectedarea. PAK/CS/001

SO 10494.0 WFP/UNHAS.(extension until 31-Aug-2006approved) PAK/CS/002

SO 10494.0 WFP/UNHAS.(extension until 31-Aug-2006approved) PAK/CS/003

UNOPS in cooperation withPak Military EngineeringDivision. PAK/CS/004

SO 10493.0 WFP + extensionuntil 12 July 2006. PAK/CS/005

SO 10493.0 WFP + extensionuntil 12 July 2006. PAK/CS/006

SO 10495.0 + extension. ofUN Joint Logistics Centre till30 June 2006. PAK/CS/007

1,260,000(500,000)

7,103,560(720,000)

2,000,000

5,000,000(200,000)

No additional fundsrequired



Results Framework: Common Services and Coordination


37



Renforcement of safety andsecurity for staff.(UNDSS)PAK/CS/008

96,644

Provide effectivecoordination supportto the Governmentand implementingpartners during thetransition periodfrom relief to recovery.

� Maintain a minimum level of fieldpresence to strengthen local authori-ties’ capacity for coordination.

� Ensure the adequate coordinationservices continue to be provided atIslamabad and field levels by UN.

� Coordination mechanism forrecovery phase set up andrun;

� Smooth transition fromOCHA to UNRC Office /UNDP

Coordination for EffectiveRecovery and ReconstructionResponse. (UNRC Office /UNDP) PAK/CS/009

500,000(300,000)

Logistical supportvoluntary and digni-fied return of IDPs.

� Provide government with returnassistance for IDPs

� Percentage of IDPs thatreturned.

Provision of logistics, trans-port, and medical assistancefor return process. (IOM)PAK/CS/010

3,250,000(2.250,000

Maintain the mini-mum level of logisticcapabilities for resid-ual humanitarianand transition opera-tions.

� Maintain logistics infrastructure inaffected areas.

� Continue to Support Emergency Teleand Data communication to MOSScompliancy in four field hubs. June15/06 to March 31/07.

� Continued support to Agency specificprojects.

� Provide the needed telecom and datacommunication.

� Number of hubs and staffsupported.

Logistics Support. (UNOPS)PAK/CS/011

Pakistan Inter-AgencyEmergencyTelecommunication Projectcontinuation.(WFP)PAK/CS/012

Pakistan Inter-AgencyEmergency DataCommunications Project.(UNICEF) PAK/CS/013

PRRO ICT support. (WFP)PAK/CS/014

ICT (UNHCR) PAK/CS/015

ITC (Save the children UK)PAK/CS/016

2,000,000(100,000)

199,888(Remaining funding inWFP SO 10505 by June

15th will have to bereturned to the donors).



488 778

499,400 (298,400)

25,000

74,336

Results Framework: Common Services and Coordination

ANNEX I. FLASH APPEAL FINANCIAL PROGRESS

38

Requirements, Funding and Expenditure by Appealing Organisation as of mid March 2006

Compiled by OCHA/RC integrated Office on the basis of information provided by UN agencies.

"AppealingOrganisation"

Revised RequirementsUSD

Commitments /Contributions USD

Unmet requirementsUSD

% CoveredExpenditure to date

USD% Expenditure

FAO 25,000,000 0 25,000,000 0.00% N/A N/A

ILO 5,000,000 0 5,000,000 0.00% N/A N/A

IOM 60,500,000 23,749,348 36,750,652 39.26% 16,389,935 69.01%

OCHA 8,007,120 8,556,492 -549,372 106.86% 7,756,492 90.65%

OHCHR 200,000 0 200,000 0.00% N/A N/A

UNAIDS 500,000 0 500,000 0.00% N/A N/A

UNDP 90,750,000 38,624,720 52,125,280 42.56% 18,152,680 47.00%

UNDSS 1,180,000 264,550 915,450 22.42% 249,000 94.12%

UNEP 500,000 0 500,000 0.00% N/A N/A

UNESCO 1,300,000 0 1,300,000 0.00% N/A N/A

UNFPA 9,300,000 8,000,917 1,299,083 86.03% 5,734,710 71.68%

UN-HABITAT 650,000 0 650,000 0.00% N/A N/A

UNHCR 30,000,000 32,519,023 -2,519,023 108.40% 19,298,999 59.35%

UNICEF 90,700,000 117,948,226 -27,248,226 130.04% 79,681,418 67.56%

WFP 181,901,667 119,336,731 62,564,936 65.61% 86,792,538 72.73%

WHO 27,750,000 16,570,320 11,179,680 59.71% 14,304,271 86.32%

GRAND TOTAL 533,238,787 365,570,327 167,668,460 68.56% 248,360,042 67.94%

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor.

Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed.

Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

Note: The contributions indicated on this table includes both donor and internal agency core funds. Therefore, the data presented on this table differs from the one gener-ated by the Financial Tracking Service (FTS)

39

Agency Project title Flash Appealnumber

Total budgetrequested

Contributionsreceived

Total expenditures Procurements 1) Operations 2) Overhead 3)

IOM Emergency Shelter SAEQ-05/S/NF04 50,000,000 21,000,549 15,049,664 13,337,728 1,530,729 181,207

Logistic support to affected populations

SAEQ-05/CSS04 8,000,000 2,504,400 1,278,246 1,132,843 130,012 15,391

Medical Assistance SAEQ-05/H26 1,000,000 244,399 62,025 54,969 6,309 747

Sub total 23,749,348 16,389,935 14,525,540 1,667,050 197,345

OCHA Coordination of humanitarianaction

SAEQ-05/CSS06 8,070,120 8,556,492 7,756,492 - 7,756,492 -

Sub total 8,556,492 7,756,492 - 7,756,492 -

UNDP Emergency Shelter SAEQ-05/S/NF02 30,000,000 9,978,100 8,856,484 8,856,484 - -

Transitional Housing SAEQ-05/ER/102 15,000,000 11,701,520 6,964,833 6,784,833 145,000 35,000

Rubble Removal (UNOPS execution)

SAEQ-05/ER/102 5,000,000 4,854,100 537,479 212,069 299,816 25,594

Heating and Cooking SAEQ-05/S/NF06 8,000,000 4,878,722 1,543,271 1,513,271 30,000 -

UNV Support SAEQ-05/ER/103 1,000,000 1,194,151 15,198 - 15,198 -

Recovery Coordination (ERRA) SAEQ-05/CSS07 500,000 1,000,000 79,833 77,793 2,040 -

Recovery Coordination (RCSupport)

SAEQ-05/CSS07 200,000 300,000 0 - - -

Aid Coordination (DAD) SAEQ-05/CSS07 1,300,000 1,450,000 14,582 14,582 - -

Institutional Capacity Restoration SAEQ-05/ER/106 4,850,000 3,118,127 - - - -

Response Capacity SAEQ-05/ER/106 150,000 150,000 141,000 66,000 75,000 -

Sub total 38,624,720 18,152,680 17,525,032 567,054 60,594 4)

UNDSS Reinforcement of safety andsecurity structure and establish-ment of stress management sys-tem

SAEQ-05/S01 1,180,000 264,550 249,000 - 249,000 -

Sub total 264,550 249,000 - 249,000 -

UNFPA Primary health care services SAEQ-05/H23 c 6,000,000 5,760,317 3,560,571 3,020,348 406,979 133,244

Hospital care services SAEQ-05/H24 c 2,000,000 940,600 981,587 976,238 5,349 -

Psychosocial services to women SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL09

1,300,000 1,300,000 1,192,552 1,113,861 - 78,691

Sub total 8,000,917 5,734,710 5,110,447 412,328 211,935 5)

UNHCR Camp Management SAEQ-05/MS01 30,000,000 32,519,023 19,298,999 10,601,077 4,572,333 4,125,589

Sub total 32,519,023 19,298,999 10,601,077 4,572,333 4,125,589

Requirements, Funding and Expenditure by Appealing Organisation and project as of mid March 2006

ANNEX

ANNEX

40





UNICEF Nutrition assessment SAEQ-05/H14 6,500,000

Primary Health care services SAEQ-5/H23 a 10,000,000

Hospital care services SAEQ-5/H24 a 1,000,000

Nutrition and Health total 17,500,000 40,803,225 30,499,444 30,499,444 - -

Sanitation/Hygiene SAEQ-05/WS03 15,100,000

Safe drinking water SAEQ-05/WS02 24,200,000

Water and Sanitation total 39,300,000 30,947,152 17,179,452 17,179,452 - -

Back to School SAEQ-05/E02 11,400,000

Emergency Education SAEQ-05/E05 2,500,000

Education total 13,900,000 24,276,495 18,480,384 18,480,348 - -

Psychosocial support SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL01

3,000,000

Assessments, protection andreunification

SAEQ-05/HR/RL02

2,000,000

Child Friendly spaces SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL03

5,000,000

Special protection measures SAEQ-05/P/HR/RL05

6,000,000

Child Protection total 16,000,000 8,291,668 7,703,547 7,703,547 - -

Setting up common Informationand Tele-com.

SAEQ-05/CSS05b,c

1,864,274

Coordination of humanitarianaction

SAEQ-05/CSS10 4,000,000

Cross Sectoral total 5,864,274 6,557,846 5,818,591 - 5,818,591 -

Unallocated funds 7,071,842

Sub total 117,948,226 6) 79,681,418 73,862,791 5,818,591 - 7)

WFP Emergency Operation (EMOP):Emergency food assistance toearthquake affected populations

SAEQ-05/F01 /10491.0

55,860,000 42,149,475 36,832,546 34,588,215 1,920,547 323,784

Special Operations (SO): WFPlogistics support to relief opera-tions for the Pakistan Earthquake

SAEQ-05/CSS01 /10493.0

21,250,000 16,189,460 2,851,275 2,569,640 281,635 -

Special Operations (SO): WFP Airsupport to humanitarian reliefoperations in response to thePakistan Earthquake 8)

SAEQ-05/CSS02 /10494.0

100,000,000 56,610,913 44,801,566 42,413,937 1,954,430 433,199


41





cont..WFP

Special Operations (SO): UNJoint Logistics Centre

SAEQ-05/CSS03 /10495.0

3,460,000 3,056,023 1,535,379 90,502 1,133,874 311,003

Special Operations (SO): Settingup common information andtelecommunication services

SAEQ-05/CSS05 /10505.0

1,331,667 1,330,860 771,772 771,772 - -

Sub total 119,336,731 86,792,538 80,434,066 3,369,939 1,067,986

WHO Emergency health relief opera-tions incl. coordination and infor-mation management

SAEQ-05H01 3,500,000 3,500,000 3,438,907 260,678 2,192,384 985,845

Disease Surveillance & EarlyWarning System

SAEQ-05/H02 3,200,000 2,056,697 1,723,748 36,806 1,670,675 16,267

Primary Health Care SAEQ-05/H23 9,000,000 6,656,062 5,521,700 3,772,481 1,448,140 301,079

Hospital Care SAEQ-05/24 4,000,000 1,982,032 1,701,729 1,408,984 253,765 38,980

Environmental Health SAEQ-05/H25 3,200,000 1,301,549 950,172 252,437 569,959 127,776

Re-establishment of health infra-structure

SAEQ-05/H26 4,000,000 823,000 823,306 823,306 - -

Mental Health SAEQ-05/HMH 850,000 250,980 144,709 43,765 93,558 7,386

Sub total 16,570,320 14,304,271 6,598,457 6,228,481 1,477,333

Grand total 364,123,827 248,360,042 208,657,410 30,641,268 7,140,782

1) Procument: "Procurement" includes that of goods and services; 2) Operations: "Opearations" includes project personnel, office rent, cars, communication, etc.)3) Overhead cost: "Overhead cost" includes agency fees, relevant proportion of staff and office space in Islamabad, etc.4) UNDP overhead: The overhead cost of UNDP is between 3 - 5% for both donor and internal funds received for its earthquake operations. To date, only a

partial amount of its overhead cost is available in Islamabad office, as it is handled at its HQs.5) UNFPA overhead: UNFPA overhead is charged only against the funds received by donors. It is not charged to the UNFPA internal funds.6) UNICEF contributions received: The data of UNICEF's received contributions indicated in this table is made available by UNICEF Pakistan office. This figure does not

include overhead cost, etc., deducted by its HQs. 7) UNICEF overhead: The overhead cost of UNICEF is not available in its Islamabad office, as it is handled at its HQs. 8) WFP Air operations: As of mid March, under WFP air operations project (SAEQ/05/CSS02 / 104940.0) USD 44,801,566 was disbursed, while about USD 11

million is committed and is due for payment. The remaining balance excluding the expenditure and commitment amounts less thanUSD 1 million, thus WFP seesk for additional funding in the Action Plan from Relief to Recovery.


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