essential of it lecture no 5

8/8/2019 Essential of IT Lecture No 5

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1 2010

IT Skills

Course : - BBA

First Year


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Enterprise Planning Systems 2 2007

Local Area Network (LAN) LANs are networks that connectdevices, like computers and printers over short distances typically within an

office premises or campus. Communication devices are connected through

cables within a distance of2000 feet. New Terms Bluetooth technology

are also associated with LAN today.

Wide Area Network (WAN) These span areas than a singlebuilding or campus. They can span multiple buildings or different offices of

an organization across physically different locations in the same city or

across cities. Wan networks cover wide geographical areas and often

require multiple communication connections like leased lines..etc

Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) Term used forLANsconnected through high-speed, seamless interconnection within

metropolitan area .e.g. company having its buildings across two sides of the

road

Types of Network


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Classification of interconnected processors by scale


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Ownership

WANs can be either public or private

LANs are usually privately owned

Capacity

LANs are usually higher capacity, to carry greater internal

communications load

Coverage

LANs are typically limited to a single location

WANs interconnect locations

MANs occupy a middle ground

LANs , WANs, and MANs:


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Interconnection between diff types of networks


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Now an essential part of everyday functioning in schools,

business, government etc

Saves time, resources, allows information to be held securely

and centrally

Improves collaboration between colleagues

May be used for training capable of carrying audio and video

Local Area Networks : Objectives


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Primary Functions ofLAN:

File serving

Print serving

Video transfers

Manufacturing support

Academic support

E-mail support

Interconnection between multiple systems


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Advantages ofLocal Area Networks

Ability to share hardware and software resources.

Component and system evolution are possible.

Support for heterogeneous forms of hardware and

software.

Access to other LANs and WANs

Private ownership.

Secure transfers at high speeds with low error rates.


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Disadvantages ofLocal Area Networks

Equipment and support can be costly

Level of maintenance continues to grow

Some types of hardware may not interoperate

Just because a LAN can support two different kinds of

packages does not mean their data can interchange easily

ALAN is only as strong as it weakest link, and there are many

links


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Common methods of connecting to the internet are dial-up,Wi-Fi and cell phones

Direct connect : - File sharing protocol between two computers.

It connects to a central hub & transfers files directly from oneuser to another.

Internet Service Provider : - ISP gives access to internet and

provides related services i.e. registration of domain names, web

hosting & so on

Internet Connectivity Options


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LAN Capabilities

personal computerLANs

low cost

limited data rate

back end networks

interconnecting large systems (mainframes and large storage devices)

high data rate

high speed interface

distributed access

limited distance

limited number of devices


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Two basic components necessary:

Client radio, usually a PC card with an integrated antenna

installed in a laptop or workstation,

Access point(AP), which is an Ethernet port plus a transceiver.

The AP acts as a bridge between the wired and wireless

networks and can perform basic routing functions.

Workstations with client radio cards reside within a basic

service set, while multiple basic service sets create an

extended service set.

WI-FI Wireless Fidelity


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Single cell Wireless LAN Configuration


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Benefits of W LANs:

Mobility

Installation Speed and

Simplicity

Installation Flexibility

Reduced Cost-of-

Ownership

Scalability

Range/Coverage

Throughput

Multi-path effects

Interoperability with Wired

Infrastructure Interference and Coexistence

Simplicity/Ease of Use

Security

Cost Battery Life for Mobile

Platforms

Safety

Integrity and Reliability


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Operates in a less controlled environment, so is more

susceptible to interference, signal loss, noise, and

eavesdropping.

Generally, wireless facilities have lower data rates than guided

facilities.

Frequencies can be more easily reused with guided media than

with wireless media.

Problems with Wireless Networks


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Universal short-range wireless capability

Uses 2.4-GHz band

Devices within 10 m can share up to 720 kbps of capacity

Supports open-ended list of applications

Data, audio, graphics, video

Bluetooth Overview


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18 2010

End ofPresentation

essential of it lecture no 5

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