European Immigration

• Objective: To understand the rise of immigration between 1880 and 1920 and it divided the cities according to race, ethnicity, and class.

• EQ: How has immigration shaped America?

• Standards: 11.2. 2. Students analyze the relationship among the rise of industrialization, larges cale rural-to-urban migration, and massive immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe.

Teacher directions1. The teacher assigns a topic or question and provides think time. (Advantages/disadvantages of moving out of your parents home? )

2. All four students respond, simultaneously writing on their answer boards

3. Students turn their answer boards facing up (green side)

4. Students pass their answer board one person clockwise.

5. Students continue, adding to what was already completed. Continue, starting at Step 3.

Simultaneous Round Table

• In teams, write response on answer board. Then pass your papers clockwise so each

teammate can add to the prior responses. • Setup: Each team of four needs four answer

boards and four different colored markers

“Immigration Pros/Cons”

• We will be completing the T-chart using Simultaneous Roundtable in your ISN

• Title page _______ “Advantages/Disadvantages of Immigration

• Create a T-chart. On one side list the advantages for the United States of immigration. On the other side list the disadvantages for the United States of immigration.

Immigrant-Albert Einstein

• http://youtu.be/Xc6f_qF81BU• Where was Albert Einstein born?• What were the push factors in his immigration to

America?• What were the pull factors in his immigration to

America?• http://youtu.be/ZMVKvO-gTs8

Immigrant-Statue of Liberty

• http://youtu.be/OCV-mbeI2Tw• Who gave us the statue of liberty and Why?• Describe 3 symbols on the statue of liberty

• We are immigrating from Southern and Eastern Europe to the Golden Shores of America.• Pick your port of Departure the Date and Port• Give yourself an Immigrant name base on your Port

of Departure

Coming to America

• Countries Port

• Russia St. Petersburg• Italy Naples• Poland Gnask• Slovakia Odessa• Bulgaria Constantinople• Hungary Trieste• Greece Athens• Portugal Lisbon• Norway Oslo

Inspection Card

Graph, slide A “The Great Migration”• 23 million immigrants• Southern and Eastern Europe• Between 1880 and 1923• Young, male Catholic or Jewish• Unskilled workers, agriculture• All brought hopes, their hard work, and unique

contributions to America

At the Port, slide B

Push Factors:• Economic decline in Europe• Natural disasters, earthquakes, volcanoes, crop diseases• Rising populations• Political and religious persecution

Pull Factors• Economic opportunity• Religious, and political freedom• Land of opportunity• Prosperity and security

Film Clip: Titanic

•While watching the clip notice the differences in conditions between those who travel in steerage class and those in first class•Third Class•First Class

Atlantic Crossing, slide C

• 1200-2000 passengers• 8 – 14 days• 1 toilet for every 100 people in steerage• Very uncomfortable conditions• Straw stuffed mattresses• Crammed, diseases

Ellis Island, slide D

• Lady Liberty• “Isle of tears”• New York harbor• “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled

masses yearning to be free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door.”

Medical Inspections at Ellis Island Slide E• First and second class could leave• Steerage would undergo inspections• Number on their backs• “open door policy” except those sick or who would

require public assistance• Medical exam took an hour• Examine the entire body• Letters in chalk on back: “H” (heart). “X” (mental)

etc

Ellis Island Medical Inspections

Ellis Island Medical Inspections

Legal Inspections, slide F

• Final inspection• 32 questions asked: Name? Married or single?

Money? How much? Relative? Family? Prison? Poor house? • Names were often changed• For example:• Kapelovich = Kapel• Few were denied entrance but 2% were sent back• Some were quarantined

Film Clip: Godfather

•While watching this clip indentify features of Ellis Island that we have already talked about.

•Godfather, Ellis Island

What were the push factors of the immigrants?

Why did Immigrants leave their homeland?

What is this place called? What is it’s purpose?

Where are these people?

What is going on here?

Ethnic Enclaves Slide G

• 2/3 of the immigrants settled in cities• Most lived in ethnic enclaves• Provided a sense of community: customs, food,

languages of their homelands• Catholic churches and Jewish synagogues

Living Conditions, slide H(5 cents a spot lodging)• Cities were not equipped to handle so many• Streets flooded with waste, inadequate sewers• Tenements: run-down, low-rent apartment buildings• Typical tenement: (you do not need to write this

down)• 6 floors• 4 apartments per floor• Each apartment had 4 rooms• Each room had 10 people (x2)= 20• 20(4 rooms) = 80, 80(4 apartments per floor)= 320• 320 (6 floors)= 1920 (960 day, 960 night)

Slide H continued

• Crowded conditions produced illness and fire danger• No windows or ventilation• Some immigrants did move to rural areas• Some Italians went to California’s wine regions• Some Greeks went to Florida’s fishing areas

Working Conditions, slide I

• Most went for industrial jobs1. They had no desire to return to agricultural work2. There were many industrial jobs and they

required no skills3. Industrial jobs were plentiful

• Immigrants were exploited• Made from $1.25 to $4.00 week

Slide I continued

• Despite all of this immigrants were better off economically than they had been in Europe

What is the message?

Americans’ Treatment of Immigrants, slide J• Nativism• Americans saw immigrants with fear, hostility and

suspicion.• Worked to restrict the number of immigrants

entering• Laws were enacted: Dillingham Bill passed in 1921

established quotas• End of America’s “open door” policy

End of the greatest wave of immigrants in America’s history

Nativism

• Based on the immigrant you portrayed in this activity, Do you believe it was the right decision to leave your homeland? Why or Why not?

Discussion Questions