evolution life on earth began as simple and primitive forms, by natural selection, over a long time...
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EVOLUTION
Life on earth began as simple and primitive
forms, by natural selection, over a long time various complex
organisms form
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Evidences of Evolution
1. Paleontology
2. Geographical distribution of
organisms
3. Comparative anatomy
4. Embryology
5. Comparative bio-chemistry
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PaleontologyStudy of fossil:
Differences between ancient and recent form of an organism
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Development of Horse
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Development of Whale
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Geographical distribution of organisms
Owing to geographical isolation, organisms adapted to that isolated
habitat and become different. (adaptive radiation)
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Migration between continents
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Finch Beak
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Galapagos tortoise
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Comparative anatomyHomologous structures as pentadactyl limb have same fundamental structure but different function
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Eye Evolution
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Although adult structure is different, structure in embryonic stage is similar.
Embryology
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Comparative bio-chemistry
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Mechanism of Evolution
Lamarck’s Theory• Change in environment• Organism modify itself• More used organ enlarge• Less used degenerate• The acquired character is
inheritable
Darwin’s Theory• Change in environment• Population has inborn
different• Some good feature fit the
environment survive (natural selection)
• These reproduce and become new species
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Neo-Darwinism1. Variation : Mutation and sexual reproduction
2. Natural Selection: The fittest has better chance to survive
and reproduce
3. Speciation: New species formation is caused by isolation
•Geographic isolation: physical barrier
•Ecologic isolation: different season or zone in habitat
•Reproductive isolation: different reproductive behavior
•Genetic isolation: genetic different due to isolation
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Example