evolution of leprosy control.ppt

8/10/2019 Evolution of leprosy control.ppt

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Dr Santhosh Kumar

Damien Foundation India Trust

Evolution of leprosy control


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Key mile stones in leprosy control

Hansen announced the discovery of M Leprae in 1873

Introduction of sulphones Inj Promin in 1941, Dapsone

in 1950s

Monotherapy with dapsone (life long treatment for

lepramatous leprosy) remained as the standard treatment

till 1980s

Emergence of secondary dapsone resistance in 1950s and

1960s


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Key mile stones in leprosy control

Charels C Shepard reported the

successful cultivation of M leprae inthe hind foot pad of the mouse in

1960

Applications:- Demonstrate antimicrobial activity

of a drug against M leprae

- Drug Susceptibility Testing

- Measuring the efficacy of anti-leprosy treatment in clinical trials

- Studies involving candidate

vaccines


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WHO Multi Drug Therapy (MDT)

WHO study group recommends MDT in 1981

Rifampicin and

Clofazimine

were developed

by Novartis


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Indira GandhiEnsuring political commitment

Indira Gandhi declared Indias intention to eradicate leprosy by 2000 at World

Health Assembly 1981.

"Perhaps for the first time, we can now visualize a world without leprosy, but ...

prejudice and ignorance die hard.

---Indira Gandhi at the XII ILC, Delhi, 1984

She constituted a high power committee under chairmanship of Dr M S

Swaminathan in 1981, and his recommendations facilitated the launch of NLEP


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Steps towards elimination of leprosy

44thWorld Health Assembly met in 1991 and adopted resolution to eliminate leprosy as

a public health problem by 2000

Elimination was defined as attaining a level of prevalence below one case per 10,000

population at the global level

Early case detection and treatment with MDT was adopted as key strategy through LECs

and SAPELs

Setting of such targets helped generate political commitment and encouraging donor

support for key activities like MDT supply

Elimination of leprosy achieved at the global level by 2000


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Challenges ahead

Decline in political & administrative commitment, funding

& leprosy expertise

Lack of community awareness about leprosy

Late detection of leprosy cases with disability

Significant number of child cases with disability in India


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Leprosy control in India is back to campaign mode

Government of India is

planning to launch BLCC inJanuary 2015.

Intensive awareness drive

along with house to houseactive search for is planned in

1453 endemic blocks of 214

districts in 16 states/union

territories.

Special emphasis to

underserved, tribal and urban

slum population groups.


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To ensure that there is no new case of

child with disability due to leprosy


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Dr Paul Brand2014- 100thbirth anniversary

Born in the Kolli Malai Hills in Tamil Nadu in1914

Served as the First Professor of Orthopaedicsat CMC Vellore

He established a Hand Research Unit in amud store room that led to development ofsurgical procedures for persons affected byleprosy

He wrote the book Gift of Pain and hehighlighted that pain is one of Godsgreat giftto us


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Dr Paul Brand2014- 100thbirth anniversary

Dr Paul brand pioneered tendon transfer techniques at CMC Vellore in late 1940s

He proved leprosy does not cause the rotting away of the hands and feet instead it

is the loss of sensation makes them prone to injuries


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evolution of leprosy control.ppt

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