exchange server 2003 interview q
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Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-1
1. What is Exchange Server?
Exchange Server is a Microsofts Messaging system which provides Industry leading Email, calendaring and
unified Messaging
2. Tell me a bit about the capabilities of Exchange Server.
1. Outlook Anywhere (OWA)
2. Mailbox can sync with Blackberry Device.
3. Calendar Sharing.
4. MAPI & POP3 Client support
3. What are the different Exchange 2003 versions?
Exchange server 5.5
Exchange Server 2000
Exchange Server 2003
Exchange Server 2007
Exchange Server 2010
4. What are the differences between Exchange Sever 2003 Standard and Enterprise Editions?
Following are the difference between Exchange server 2003 Standard and Enterprise Edition.
Feature Standard Edition Enterprise Edition
Storage groups support 1 storage group 4 storage groups
Number of databases perstorage group 2 databases 5 databases
Individual database size 16 gigabytes (GB) Maximum 16 terabytes, limited only by
hardware
Exchange Clustering Not supported Supported
X.400 connector Not included Included
5. What are the main differences between Exchange 5.5 and Exchange 2000/2003?
Exchange 2000 does not have its own directory or directory service; it uses Active Directory instead.
Exchange 2000 uses native components of Windows 2000 (namely, IIS and its SMTP, NNTP, W3SVC
and other components, Kerberos and others) for many core functions.
SMTP is now a full peer to RPC, and is it the default transport protocol between Exchange 2000
servers.
Exchange 2000 supports Active/Active clustering and was recently certified for Windows 2000
Datacenter.
Exchange 2000 scales much higher.
It boasts conferencing services and instant messaging.6. What are the minimum hardware requirements for Exchange Server 2003?
Processor Pentium 133 MHz
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Operating System Windows 2000 SP3
Memory 256 MB
Disk Space 200 MB for system files and 500 MB where Exchange Server installation.
File System - NTFS
7. What are the steps involved in Exchange Server installation?
1. Prerequisites Installation ASP .Net, IIS, SMTP, NNTP and WWW services Installation
2. Forest Preparation
3. Domain Preparation
4. Exchange Server 2003 Installation
8. Why not install Exchange on the same machine as a DC?
The main reason behind not to install Exchange Server is, when we used to restart the Exchange server for
any reason it will take lot of time to shut down the Exchange Server services.
9. Which Services must be installed and running for Exchange Server installation?
Following are the services that should be installed before installing Exchange Server 2003
1. ASP .Net2. Internet Information Service
3. SMTP
4. NNTP
5. WWW
10. What can you do and what will be the effect if ASP.NET service is not available while
installing Exchange Server 2003?
ASP .Net files are important for authentication, delegation and securing the web publication. Before
installing exchange Server 2003 ASP .Net should be installed
11. What are Exchange Server 2003 deployment tools?
The Exchange Server 2003 Deployment Tools are a compilation of old and new Microsoft Product Support
Services (PSS) support tools that you can use to prepare Microsoft Exchange Server 5.5 and the Microsoft
Active Directory directory service infrastructure for the installation of Microsoft Exchange Server 2003.
Installation and Upgrade Prerequisites
Enabling Windows Services
DCDiag Tool
NetDiag Tool
ForestPrep DomainPrep
12. What are the Windows versions supported by Exchange Server 2003?
1. Windows 2000 Service pack 3 ( Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Edition)
2. Windows 2003 Service pack 1 ( Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Edition)
13. In which domains domainprep must be run?
1. The Forest root Domain
2. All domain that will contain Exchange Server 2003
3. All Domain that will contain Exchange Mailbox enable objects.14. What is ForestPrep?
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Forest prep updates the schema and configuration partition in Active directory. Extend the schema to
include Exchange server 2003 specific classes and attributes
To run the Forest Prep, Administrator should have Schema and Enterprise Admin permission over the
Domain
15. What is DomainPrep?
Domain Prep prepares the Domain partion in Active Directory. Forest prep should be run only once in forestwhere Domain Prep should be run in following Servers.
1. The Forest root Domain
2. All domain that will contain Exchange Server 2003
3. All Domain that will contain Exchange Mailbox enable objects
16. Which two groups are created by DomainPrep?
The domain prep switch creates the groups and permissions required by exchange Server 2003. Two
security groups created
1. Exchange Enterprise Servers Domain Local group contains all Exchange Server in a forest
2. Exchange Domain Server Global Group that contains all Exchange servers running in the Domain
that you have selected.
17. What DomainPrep does?
Domain Prep Updates the Domain partition and Creates a Two New Security Groups for Exchange Server
2003
1. Exchange Enterprise Servers
2. Exchange Domain Servers
18. Which of the servers does the system that will host the first Exchange Server 2003 serverin a forest need to be able to contact during installation?
19. How to run ForestPrep?
Go to the Command prompt and Type the following
D:\setup\i386\setup.exe /forestprep
Where D drive represents the CD drive.
Note: it will ask for the Administrator Account that has the required permission to run the Setup.
20. How to run DomainPrep?
Go to the Command prompt and Type the following
D:\setup\i386\setup.exe /domainprep - Where D drive represents the CD drive.
21. Which service pack is needed for Windows 2000 for installing Exchange Server 2003?
Windows 2000 service pack 3 in needed to install Exchange Server 2003
22. Which permissions are required to run ForestPrep?
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Schema Administrator
Enterprise Administrator
Local Machine Administrator
23. Which permissions are required to run DomainPrep?
Domain Administrator and Local Machine Administrator
24. Which permissions are required to install Exchange server 2003 on the first server in a
domain or on other systems within the domain?
The administrator Account should have the following permission to install the Exchange Server 2003
Schema Administrator
Enterprise Administrator
Domain Administrator
Local Machine Administrator25. What is reason behind the error messages services not available while installing Exchange Server 2003
on a domain running at Windows Server 2003 functional level?
26. What is name of log file that Exchange Server 2003 setup creates during installation?
27. What is location of Exchange Server Setup Progress?
C:\Program Files\Exchangesvr
28. How unattended installation of Exchange Server 2003 works?
Unattended installation are useful for rapidly deploying subsequent Exchange Server 2003 installation into
an existing organization.
The process of creating the file is essentially the same as the process for a manual setup selecting the
component you want to install and the installation path, choosing whether to create a new organization or
to join existing one; agreeing the license and so on.. Instead of doing manual installation the Exchange
installation wizard writes the configuration file to .ini file. specifically for use with the /unattendfile setup
switch to start the installation.
29. When you can use the unattended installation of Exchange Server 2003?
1. Unattended Installation of Exchange Server 2003 is very useful when you are going to install Exchange
Server remotely.
2. Its also useful when you are deploying number of New Exchange Server in Existing Organization. We can
save time deploying multiple servers by automating the Entire installation procedure
30. When you cannot use unattended installation of Exchange Server 2003?
An Active Directory Forest can support only a single Exchange Server 2003 organization, so an un
attended.ini file that is used to create an organization cannot be used for subsequent installation.
31. What is the command to create an answer file for unattended installation of Exchange
Server 2003?
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D:\setup\i386\setup.exe /createunattend c:\unattend.ini
Where D represents the CD ROM drive that holds the Exchange Server and C drive represent the created
unattended file for installation
32. What is the command to start the unattended installation of Exchange Server 2003?
D:\setup\i386\setup.exe /UnattendFile c:\unattend.ini
Where D represents the CD ROM drive that holds the Exchange Server and C drive represent the created
unattended file for installation
33. When you can specify the User account that will receive the Exchange Full Administrator
permission?
After installing the exchange Server 2003, we can able to specify the administrative permission for
particular user. We can delegate administrative permission by right click the Exchange organization and
select delegate Administration permission.
34. Which account must be use to perform first Exchange installation?
A new dedicated service account specifically for Exchange server installation has to be created in Active
Directory and the following permission are to be assigned the newly created user.
Schema Administrator
Enterprise Administrator
Domain Administrator
Local Machine Administrator
35. Can Exchange 2000 servers run on Windows Server 2003?
No, the only version of Exchange server that will run on Windows server 2003 is Exchange Server 2003, you
will need to upgrade your Exchange environment to Exchange Server 2003 prior to upgrading the Windows
Server Operating System to Windows server 2003
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-2
1. Which services are not supported and hence, need to be removed from an Exchange 2000
Server before performing an upgrade to Exchange Server 2003?
Following are the Exchange Server 2000 functionality that isnt supported by Exchange Server 2003
Instance for Messaging Service
Microsoft Chat Service
Key management Service
And connectors for Microsoft Mail and Lotus CC:Mail
Above Service has to uninstalled while upgrading from Exchange Server 2000 to Exchange Server 2003
2. While upgrading from Exchange 2000 to Exchange 2003 which servers must be upgraded
first? Front-end server or back end server?
You must upgrade the front end servers prior to upgrading the corresponding back end server while
upgrading from Exchange 2000 to Exchange 2003.
3. How to migrate from an old Exchange 2000 Server organization to a new Exchange Server
2003 organization?
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Exchange Migration wizard is the process to Migrate Exchange 2000 organization to Exchange server 2003
organization. Similar to migrating Organization from Exchange 5.5
4. How to move users from Coexistence of Exchange 5.5 to Exchange Server 2003?
Active Directory Migration Tool and the Exchange Migration wizard will perform the complete moving of
users from Coexistence of Exchange 5.5 to Exchange Server 2003
5. How to migrate from an old Exchange Server 5.5 organization to a new Exchange Server2003 organization?
There is no in place upgrade, first we have to update Exchange 5.5 to Exchange 2000 and from there we
have to migrate it to Server Exchange 2003. The existing users Source Domain has to be first migrated to
the new target domain in another Active Directory forest. After that you can begin the Exchange 5.5 to
Exchange server 2003. Exchange Migration wizard is the process to Migrate Exchange 5.5 organization to
Exchange server 2003 organization.
6. Which messaging systems does the Exchange Server 2003 Migration Wizard support?
Ms Mail for PC Networks CC:Mail
Microsoft Exchange 5.5
Lotus Notes
Novel GroupWise 4.x
Novel GroupWise 5.x
Internet Directory (LDAP via ADSI)
Internet Mail (IMAP4)
7. How can Exchange Server 2003 share calendars and address lists with Lotus Notes R4/R5?
If you the the answer, please help to Me publish
8.What are the requirements of Lotus Notes Connector?
If you the the answer, please help to Me publish
9. How can Exchange Server 2003 share calendar/address lists with Novell GroupWise?
The connectors for Lotus notes and Novel GroupWise only synchronize mailbox and user account data. You
must use calendar connector in conjunction with the other connectors to synchronize calendar data.
10. What are the requirements for Novell Group Wise connector?
The following list is the configuration requirements needed on the Exchange Server side:
Configure a working Novell GroupWise environment with API Gateway version 4.1 or later
Configure a working Exchange Server 2003 connector server
Make sure Exchange Server can resolve the name and access the Novell Netware server that is
running API Gateway
Enable Exchange Server to Novell Netware server connectivity by using Gateway Services for
NetWare (GSNW) or Novell NetWare Client for Windows. NDS authentication is needed to access NetWare
Volumes (shares).
Activate GroupWise address type on the Exchange Server 2003 recipient policy.11. What are the tools to validate Exchange Server 5.5/Exchange Server 2003 coexistence?
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ADCConfigCheck It checks that Exchange Server 5.5 directory config objects have been copied to
Active Directory. Writes outputs to Exdeploy.log
ConfigDSInteg checks objects in AD to ensure that no problems have arisen since the last
installation of ADC. Writes outputs to Exdeploy.log
ReceipientDSInteg checks all recipient objects in AD looking for problems. Recipient includes
users, groups, contacts or public folders
PrivFoldCheck uses exchange 5.5 directory service/Information store consistent adjuster to
ascertain the Information store and directory are in sync
12. What is DSScopeScan Tool Group?
DSScopeScan Tool Group used to find out information about the exchange server 5.5 organizations prior
to setting up connection between exchange server 5.5 and new Exchange server 2003. Tool should be run
with the account that has administrative permission.
13. Which tools are included in DSScopeScan Tool Group?
This includes four important tools
DSconfigsum reports the number of exchange server 5.5 sites and server per sites.
DSObjectsum reports the number of public folders. Distribution list and contact object
Useraccount exports the number of users in the exchange server 5.5 site and in the directory
Vercheck check if a server exists with exchange server 5.5 sp3.
14. Before upgrading from Exchange 2000 server to Exchange Server 2003 which service pack
must be applied to Exchange 2000 server?
Before upgrading from Exchange server 2000 to Exchange Server 2003 update the windows 2000 server
with SP3 or later. And also with Exchange 2003 server sp3 or later
15. How to upgrade from Exchange 5.5 to Exchange server 2003?
Exchange 5.5 cannot be upgraded in-place, you must first upgrade to Exchange 2000 server and then toExchange Server 2003. Or install Exchange Server 2003 on a different server and move the Exchange
server 5.5 resources to the new server.
16. What are the steps involved creating coexistence between Exchange Server 5.5 and
Exchange Server 2003?
Install the Basic prerequisites like SMTP, NNTP and WWW services
Start the Exchange Deployment tools wizard, select co existence with mixed mode Exchange 2000
and exchange server 5.5
Select the option to install upgrade the first Exchange Server On the next deployment tools wizard, check all the steps are done and start the setup. On the setup
installation perform the following option
Install Exchange server 5.5 administrator
Select the option to create a new organization or existing one.
Finish the setup
17. Does Lotus Notes and Novell GroupWise connectors supported on Exchange Server 2003 in
a clustered configuration? What can be done?
If you the the answer, please help to Me publish
18. Which actions must be taken before the connection to the Lotus Notes/Domino server can
be established?
If you the the answer, please help to Me publish
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19. Which services must be configured to automatically start to start a Lotus Notes Connector?
To start a connector, u must enable the specific services that the connector relies on.
Microsoft Exchange connectivity controller
Microsoft Exchange connector for lotus notes
20. Which services must be configured to automatically start to start a Novell GroupWise
Connector?
first a server running Exchange 2003 as a Bridge head server
And the following services are to be set to automatically start
Microsoft Exchange connectivity controller
Microsoft Exchange connector for lotus notes
21. Which steps are involved in removing a connector to install it on another Exchange Server
2003 computer?
First you need to stop the connector services
Remove the connector
Use the Active directory user and computers console to delete the contacts that the connector has
imported in the directory
You can reinstall lotus or Novel GroupWise connector
21. What is Active Directory Connector (ADC)?
ADC its a Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 Service that allows for the replication of information from Active
directory and a Microsoft Exchange 5.5 directory
22. What is Connection Agreement?
It is used by Active directory connector to control replication between Active directory and Exchange 5.5
directory. Connection agreements can be used to replicate from exchange 5.5 to Active directory and vice
versa.
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-3
This chapter contains the Interview Question and answers on Exchange Server 2003 permissions, Modes of
Exchange Server 2003 and Exchange Server 2003 Clustering.
1. What types of permissions are configurable for Exchange?
Exchange full admin full control over the exchange organization including permission
Exchange Admin Manage everything within the organization except org permission.
Exchange view only administrator read only administrative access to Exchange organization
2. Which of the privileges does the Exchange Administrator role have?
This Role has the ability to administer all configuration details of the Exchange organization and ability to
modify permission
3. What are the modes of Exchange Server 2003?
There are two modes in Exchange server 2003
1. Mixed Mode If Exchange 5.5 exists and in future gain to have Exchange 5.5
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2. Native Mode if only Exchange server 2003 running in your organization
4. What are the benefits of running Exchange Server 2003 in native, rather than mixed mode?
There are lot of benefits which includes,
1. Greater flexibility for defining routing groups and Administrative \groups
2. Ability to move mailboxes
3. Configure both routing and administrative groups independent of each other4. We can create query base distribution group
5. When Exchange Server 2003 Mixed mode is used?
By default exchange server in Mixed mode, we can have mixed mode in situation where Exchange server
5.5 situated in our Exchange organization. Mixed modes are used to have backward compatibility with
Exchange server 5.5 and sites
6. When Exchange Server 2003 Native mode is used?
We can choose this option if No Exchange server 5.5 present in our Exchange organization and make surethat all the exchange servers are Exchange server 2000 and Exchange server 2003. Native mode allows
administrative groups and Routing Groups to be configured independent of each other
7.Can you switch Exchange Organization from native mode to mixed mode?
yes we can change Exchange organization from Mixed mode to Native mode and changing the mode form
Mixed to Native is onetime, one way process and it cannot be reversed
8. How to switch Exchange Organization from mixed mode to native mode?
We can accomplish this by Exchange system Manager, by right clicking the Exchange organization name atthe top of the window and click properties. On the New window click the change Mode option. This changed
mode option will be unavailable if you are already in Native mode.
9. Which service needs to be restarted on all Exchange Server 2003 systems within the domain
once you have switched to native mode?
If you Know the answer, please help to Me publish
10. What is Clustering?
Its a technique for providing hardware and software redundancy for an application like exchange server
2003, with clustering you can ensure there is no single point of failure with your server hardware that would
results in email services going offline. Clustering allows you to bring one node for maintenance by allowing
other nodes to continue functioning.
11. What is Network Load balancing?
It is a resource (server-aware) clustering technology. Primary purpose to load balance by distributing the
TCP/IP traffic among each server node in cluster. To client computers, the cluster is seen as a single
resource and is address by a single IP
12. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Network Load Balancing?
Advantages
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No special hardware required
Cluster can use different operating system
Clusters are to be member of domain or perimeter
Disadvantages
NLB uses hear beat to communicate between cluster, if a server goes offline. It sent 5 heart beats
and if no response and if client if a client is requesting a request then it neglect the request
Work only with TCP/IP. It will not consider network link protocol
13. What is Failover?
Its related to cluster servers, it refers to the ability to of a backup server to immediate begin servicing
requests if a primary server fails, without an interruption in servicing user request
14. When Failover occurs?
Failover occurs when a primary server fails to function, this failback automatically process the service
request to secondary servers which is already clustered.
15. What is Failback?
Fail back defines how failed over application services are moved back to original server node, once the
node is back online
16. How Failback occurs?
By default, cluster groups that failover to another node do not automatically failback. In Failback policy we
can configure the allow failback option to take place immediately or over a certain period
To make a failback occur, we have to create a failback policy to occur immediately or over a certain period
17. What are the different clustering options in Exchange 2003?
Exchange server 2003 supports two types of clustering option which is already supported by windows
server 2003
1. Network Load balancing server aware clustering technology , load balance by distributing the TCP/IP
traffic among each server node in cluster. To client computers, the cluster is seen as a single resource and
is address by a single IP
2. Cluster service application or service aware clustering technology, provides continual application
service availability through failover and failback
18. Name the exchange server 2003 clustering configuring option
Single node server cluster can be configured with or without external cluster storage device. For this
clusters without an external storage device, the local disk in configured as the clustered storage device
Single Quorum device server cluster have two or more nodes and are configured so that every node
is shared to one or more shared devices. Cluster configuration is stored in single cluster storage device,
known as quorum device.
Majority node set server cluster have two or more node and are may or may not be attached to one
or more cluster storage devices. Cluster configuration data is stored on multiple disks across the cluster
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Heart beat is a special type of network packet that is sent out to each server node participating in a cluster
to determine the responsiveness of a node. Server nodes that do not respond to heart beat packets for a
configurable period of time are marked a inactive
26. What are the different numbers of nodes with different type of operating system for
Exchange Server 2003?
Windows server 2003 standard edition supports 4 nodes
Windows server 2003 enterprise edition or windows server 2003 Datacenter edition supports up to eight
node clusters
27. What are the different cluster models?
Two types of cluster models are there
1. Active/Active limited to two nodes and both the nodes are active at the same time, limited to 1900
concurrent client connection at a time
2. Active/Passive supports more than two nodes and highly reliable. Recommended by Microsoft.
28. Which are the Cluster operations modes?
N-Node failover server pairs applications are configured to failover only between two specified server
pairs
N+I Hot-Standby Server commonly referred to as active/passive mode, on two node cluster, one node
process the client request and the second node monitors the first node. where N Active node, I - Passive
Node
Fail over Ring - Active/Active all servers are active and process the client request, when one node fails
the cluster, failover the cluster to another active node. Administrator has to define the failover
Random Failover similar to failover ring, if a node fails the failover is randomly changed to active node.
The Administrative burden of having a define failover is removed
29. What is teaming?
Teaming is the process included in clustering service, where multiple adapters are joined through software
to function as a single unit, with a single MAC address and single IP address
30. Which settings must be configured for failover policies?
We can configure the number the times the node to failover (Threshold) during the period, which is defined
in hours
31. Which settings must be configured for failback policies?
By default, cluster groups that failover to another node do not automatically failback. In Failback policy we
can configure the allow failback option to take place immediately or over a certain period
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-4
This part of Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 technical interview questions contains interview questions onExchange 2003 address lists, Recipient Update Service and groups.
1. What are Address lists?
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A list used to organize the Global Address list into small, more manageable grouping. Address list in
Microsoft Exchange server 2003 are formed through administrator-defined Light weight Directory Access
Protocol queries
2. What is Global Address List (GAL)?
Global Address List is the Primary Address list that contains all Exchange objects in the entire organization
and mail-enabled objects in the Microsoft Exchange server organization
3. Where from the GAL retrieved?
Global address list are formed through LDAP queries that filters the Mailbox enabled and mail enabled
objects from the Active Directory. The GAL retrieved from the Global catalog servers.
4. How default GAL is created?
When we are installing exchange server 2003, the default address list are created by sending LDAP queries
to Active directory users and groups and filters the users that are mailbox enabled and mail enabled.
What is Custom Address list?
Custom address list are the address list that we are creating by providing LDAP queries that filter and
display the Address list with respect to users or departments
5. What is Default Address list?
Default Address list are similar to Global Address List, but in a distilled manner.
The default address lists are automatically created when Exchange Server is installed and there is no
administration required.
6. What are the Default Address lists?
There are five Default Address lists. Following are the default address lists
All contacts
All groups
All users
Public folders
Default Global Address List
7. What is Offline Address List?
Offline Address list are not unique, that is they are not different address list than the regular online address
list. Offline Address list are used to make address list available to the users who are all not connected to
network.
By default, Global address list is made to be default Offline Address List
8. What is the use of hiding a mailbox?
Hiding a mailbox is to prevent the E-mail address to appear in Global address List. If you are creating a
mailbox to receive updates form antivirus and you dont want to show the Email address in GAL orpreventing internal users to send any mail to that particular mailbox from GAL
9. Where all the Exchange Address lists created and stored?
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Go to the properties of the user that you want to hide from Address list. Navigate to Exchange Advanced
Tab
Select the option to hide from Address list
19. How to hide Address list from users
Go to the properties of the Address list, point to security tab and select advanced button to open the
advanced setting
Browse the users or group and set deny permission to open the Address list
20. Which service is responsible for keeping the Exchange address lists up to date?
Recipient Update service is responsible for keeping the exchange Address list up to date
21. What is Recipient Update Service?
Recipient update service updates the email address and distribution list membership and replicates this
information on a schedule to other Microsoft Exchange Servers in the Domain
22. Besides keeping the Exchange address lists up to date, what other desirable function does
the Recipient Update Service perform in the Exchange organization?
It also updates the distribution list membership to other Exchange Servers inside the domain
23. What are the basic steps to troubleshoot RUS?
The first step in troubleshooting the Recipient Update Service, like most other services is to check the Event
Log, we are looking for the events that originated from the MSExchangeAL service.
The next step in troubleshooting the Recipient Update Service is to use ADSI Edit to check a mailbox that
should appear in the Global Address List. We need to check and see if the "showInAddressBook" attribute is
populated
If the "showInAddressBook" attribute is not populated, the Recipient Update Service may not yet have run,
in most cases manually forcing the Recipient Update Service to run will resolve the problems.
24. How to access the RUS?
1. Start System Manager
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2. On the Start menu, point to Programs,
3. point to Microsoft Exchange, then click System Manager.
4. In the console tree, double-click Recipients.
5. In the console tree, right-click Recipient Update Services,
25. What is the default preconfigured schedule for RUS?
Always Run schedule is the preconfigured option for RUS
26. Which two different instances are created of the Recipient Update Service?
The following are the two instances created in Recipient Update service
Recipient Update Service (Enterprise Configuration)
Recipient Update Service (Active Directory Domain)
27. What is Recipient Update Service (Enterprise Configuration)?
The Enterprise recipient update service is responsible for updating Email address of the recipients objects
located in configuration partition of the domain controller
28. What is Recipient Update Service (Active Directory Domain)?
The Domain Recipient Update Service is responsible for updating recipient objects located in the Active
directory
29. What are the group types?
Two types of groups are the
Security Group
Distribution Group
30. What is Distribution Group?
A type of Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Active Directory group that is used to define e-mail distribution
lists. Distribution Group has no security context and cannot be used to grant permission to resources, butthey are useful for grouping users that share a common purpose, such as all employees at a branch
location
31. How Distribution groups differ from Security groups?
Distribution Group has no security context and cannot be used to grant permission to resources. But
security groups can be used to assign permission on resources.
32. What is Security Group?
Security groups are the Microsoft windows Server 2003 Active Directory Group, with this group; we can
assign permission on a resource.
33. Can Security groups be used to distribute messages?
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Security Groups can be mail enabled and also used as a Distribution group to distribute messages
34. What is Query-based distribution group?
This group enables you to use a LDAP query to specify membership in a distribution group dynamically. This
result is that membership is automatically determined by attributes of a user account, such as department,
reducing the amount of administration required to manage distribution list
35. What are the types of Group Scopes?Following are the types of group scopes
Domain Local
Global Group
Universal
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-5
This chapter includes interview questions and Answers on Exchange Backup and Restore
1. Why Exchange data should be backed up?
In todays business environment, email is possibly the most used method of communication, and private
and public stores contain large volume of valuable information. In order to have safety and stability on this
valuable information we have to take back up the exchange data.
2. What are the types of Exchange Backup?
Full (Normal)
Daily Backup
Copy Backup
Incremental backup
3. What is Normal backup?
Full backup copies both the database and transactional log files. At the completion of full backup,
transactional logs that are committed to the database are deleted from the server. Perform everyday
4. What is Copy backup?
Copy backup same as the full Backup, except no file marling is performed. Copy backups are used to
archived data that can be stored offsite
5. What is Incremental backup?
Incremental backup performs backup on all selected data which are modifired after last backup. It removes
the archive bit, informs that backup has done on this
6. What is Differential backup?
Differential Backup backups all the selected data created or modified after the last backup. It does not
remove the archive bit. So when you performing differential back up on the next day, if will back up the
whole thing from the last backup
7. What is Daily backup?
Backup all the selected data, which are created or modified on daily basis.
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8. What is Online Backup?
When performing Exchange Server 2003 online backup, all services, including the exchange store, continue
to run normally throughout the backup process. This allows continuing to access their mailboxes during
backup process, whether the backup process is incremental, differential or full backup.
9. Which files are backed up with Online backup?
Following are the files that are copied during the online backup, the .edb, .stm and log files that comprisethe exchange stored. After the online backup done it will check for corruption at the file system level.
10. After performing an online backup which tool you should use to determine whether the
Exchange store is corrupt?
Event viewer is the tool to use to determine whether the exchange store is corrupt. If you see a page read
error, there may be problem with the Database.
11. How to find out the most recent backup time?
Go to the properties of the Database in which you want to know the most recent backup time. On theproperties window it will show the recent backup time
12. What is Offline Backup?
Offline back up is not a recommended solution. To perform a offline backup you must dismount the mailbox
and public folder stores and then backup the database and transactional logs manually. However you may
to perform offline back if online backup fails
13. After performing an offline backup of your Exchange Server, which utility must you use to
check for corruption?
We can use backup logs
14. How to perform an online backup of a storage group?
1. Opening the Backup utility, on the backup and restore wizard click next
2. Select backup all files and settings and click next
3. On what to backup page, browse the Microsoft Exchange server and choose the Storage Group that
you want to backup
4. On the Backup type, destination and name click browse and enter the required information
5. On the completing backup page, click finish
15. What is the advantage of performing an online backup?
1. No need to stop database services
2. Users can access their mailbox during backup process
3. The database corruption is checked during the offline backup
4. The change of data loss is very less
16. How to backup the Exchange Store?
1. Opening the Backup utility, on the backup and restore wizard click next
2. Select backup all files and settings and click next
3. On what to backup page, browse the Microsoft Exchange server and choose the Storage Group that
you want to backup
4. Navigate the particular Mailbox store from the Storage Group and click next
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5. On the Backup type, destination and name click browse and enter the required information
6. On the completing backup page, click finish
17. What are the components of system state data?
System state holds the Active directory data, Microsoft certificate cervices, site replication services etc
18. Can you perform differential or incremental backups on the databases with circular logging
enabled?
We have to take full backup if circular logging is enabled. Because circular logging periodically deletes the
transactional logs
19. What are the methods for Exchange restoration?
Exchange 2003 has some nice features to prevent damage from a disaster or to recover Mailbox items and
mailboxes. Some of these features are:
Deleted item Recovery in Outlook
Mailbox Recovery through Mailbox Recovery Storage Group
Mailbox Recovery through Keep Deleted Mailbox for XX days
Mailbox Recovery Center
20. What are the methods of restoring an offline backup of exchange Database?
There are two methods to restore an offline backup of Exchange databases: a point-in-time
restoration and a roll-forward restoration.
The point-in-time method is used when a database is restored but no log files are replayed into the
database. All the data created after the backup is lost. This method is used to restore from an offline
backup when circular logging is enabled on the Exchange server. As circular logging reuses the log files, not
all files required to update the database are available. To perform restoration by using the point-in-timemethod, an administrator must ensure that the databases to be restored are dismounted and consistent
21. What is recovery storage group?
You can restore Mailbox stores and individual mailboxes to a recovery storage group and then merge them
with the contents of the original stores are mailboxes. You cannot restore a public folder to a recovery
storage group
22. What is Mailbox Recovery Center
The Mailbox Recovery Center is the weapon of choice when you accidentally delete a lot of Mailboxes.
You simply add the Mailbox store in which you have deleted the mailboxes to the Mailbox Recovery Center
and after the process has finished, you can see the deleted Mailboxes.
Mailbox Recovery Center
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Name the restore storage group and the restore logical database so that their name match the original
storage group and logical database names
Create a .pst file and move all data that you need to recover in to the .pst file
Open the .pst file on the original server and move the data back to appropriate location
Recovering messages
Exchange server 2003 performs backup and restore in page level rather than in mailbox level, so you
cannot easily restore individual messages in a mailbox from a backup.
You can allow users to retrieve messages from the delete items folder in outlook or OWA, to do so you have
to set the keep deleted items for certain days in individual user account setting from the Active directory
users and computers
Alternative you can create new mailbox policy using exchange system Manager. To recover deleted mails.
User has to point to the deleted items folder and use the recover deleted items option from the tools menu
in outlook or in OWA
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-6
1. What are the types of Exchange policies?
There are two types of Exchange policies:
1. Recipient policies
2. System policies
2. What is System Policy?
A system policy is a collection of configuration settings that you apply to one or more servers, mailboxstores, or public folder stores. For example, to enable storage limits for your mailbox stores, you can define
a single policy and apply them to all mailbox stores in your administrative group.
3. What are the types of System Policies?
System policies are policies that control the configuration settings for Exchange server and information
store objects. System policies reside in the System Policies container. You can create and apply three types
of system policies:
1. Mailbox store policies
2. Public store policies
3. Server policies
4. What is Mailbox Store Policy?
Mail box store policies allow you to configure settings across mailbox stores. Like storage limits etc
5. What is Public folder store policy?
Public folder store policies allow you to configure settings across public folder stores. Like setting storage
limits on public folder store or individual public folder
6. What is Server policy?
Server policies allow you to enable message tracking options on servers.
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7. What is Recipient Policy?
Recipient policy is the quick and effective way of defining different email address for users in your
organization
8. What are the types of Recipient Policies?
There are two types of Recipient policies, Mailbox Management policy and Email Address policy
9. What are the ways to apply mailbox storage limits?
We can create a Mailbox storage limits settings by
1. Setting storage limits on individual mailbox stores
2. Setting storage limits by using mailbox store policies
10. Does the mailbox store policy override any mailbox storage limits that have been directly
configured on the mailbox stores?
Yes, the mailbox store policies override any mailbox storage limits that have been directly configured on
the mailbox stores
11. Can we manually configure mailbox store limits directly on an individual mailbox if mailbox
store policy is applied?
No we cant do this. If we apply the mailbox store policy, the controls for individual users storage limits will
be disabled like this figure
12. What is Email Addresses Policy?
Email Address Policy is to change the Email Address for a particular user or a group or the whole exchange
organization.
This policy will be used when two companies are merging and they want to have different E-mail ID for
some reasons
13. How to create the System Policy container?
First we have to enable the Display administrative group from the properties of Exchange organization
Point to the Administrative Group, right click and select new to create a New System policy container
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14. How to create the Mailbox Store Policy, Public Folder Store Policy or Server Policy?
Create a system policy container on the Administrative group
Point to the system policy container, from here we can create a New Mailbox store policy, public folder
policy or server policy
15. Which mailbox store properties can be controlled using mailbox store policy?
We can control the below properties
Default offline Address list
Default public folder
Enable or disable S\MIME setting
Storage limits
Deletion settings
Database maintenance setting16. Which public folder store properties can be controlled using public folder store policy?
We can also have control on
Enable or disable S\MIME setting
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Storage limits
Deletion settings
Database maintenance setting
17. Which server properties can be controlled using server policy?
We can control subject logging and message tracking in server policy properties window
18. How to access the Recipient Policies?
On the Exchange System Manager, point to the recipient container and from there point to Recipient
policies
19. Which options are available with Mailbox Manager Settings (Policy)?
Following figure shows the available options for Mailbox Manager setting policy
20. How to remove the system policy from an object?
After the mailbox store policy is applied to the mailbox stores, you can no longer use the property pages of
the object to modify the settings controlled by the policy. To change the settings on the object, you must
either modify the policy or remove the policy.
To remove the mailbox store policy from a mailbox store:
1. Use Exchange System Manager and navigate to the system policy object in the system policy
container.
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2. In the properties of the system policy object, right-click the object that you want to remove from the
system policy.
3. Select Remove from policy
Removing a system policy from an object doesnt remove the applied settings to the object. To override a
mailbox store policy, you can override policy settings manually on each mailbox or move the users to a
different mailbox store that has the other settings applied to it.
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-7
This chapter discuss the interview questions and answers on Public Folders
1. What is Public Folder?
Public folder is a collaboration feature of Microsoft Exchange Server that creates a repository of information
that is accessible to any user who has been granted permission to the folder. A public folder can contain
mail items calendar item, task items or custom forms
2. What is Default Public Folder Tree?
The default public folder tree is automatically created by the setup program when you install the first
exchange server 2003 and create your organization. It is listed as public folders in Exchange system
Manager as public folder and it is displayed as all public folders in outlook
3. How the Default Public Folder Tree is listed in Exchange System Manager and Outlook?
Default Public Folder is listed as public folders in Exchange system Manager as public folder and it is
displayed as all public folders in outlook
4. What protocols can clients use to access the default public folder tree in Exchange Server
2003?
Client can use MAPI clients or NNTP or HTTP protocols to access the default public folder tree
5. What is General-purpose public folder tree?
General-Purpose public folder trees are additional public folders that you can create. Similar to default
public folder tree, the general purpose public folder tree is replicated to each exchange server running
Exchange 2000 or later that contains public folder store that associated with that tree.
6. What is the use of general purpose public folder store?
The general purpose of public folder tree is to store custom application
Another purpose of general public folder tree is to make the public folder available to users outside the
exchange organization
7. What protocols can clients use to access the General-purpose public folder tree in Exchange
Server 2003?
This did not support MAPI clients. So it is not accessible to outlook users. Access only by NNTP or HTTP
protocols
8. What are the steps involved in configuring Public Folder replication?
In order to setup replication for the additional public folder,
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First you have to create a public store on the destination server that holds the replica.
When you configure the public store, you associate the public folder store with public folder tree.
Even though you associate the public folder store to existing public folder tree, this by itself it wont enable
replication.
Once you have public store on the destination server, you can configure public folder to replicate to other
server
9. How does Public folder replication occur?
Exchange server 2003 uses multi master replication model, which means that all replicas of the public
folder are equal and contain the same content. A replica copied from one server to another will be a
separate instance of public folder and its content, because of this there is no master replica, which means
modifications to one replica will be replicated to other replicas equally.
Exchange Information Store service is the primary mechanism used for public folder replication; it is not the
only mechanism at work. Active Directory uses a replication method of its own to keep domain controllers
synchronized with each other. This replication occurs at the Windows operating system level and iscompletely independent of Exchange Server.
10. Can Public folder be accessed using a uniform resource locator (URL)?
Yes we can access public folder via URL, example http://servername/virtualdirectory
11. What are the Exchange Public folder permission types?
Following are the Exchange server public folder permissions
Client permission enables you to control the permission of users who are accessing the public folder
Directory rights enables you to control which user can manipulate a mail enabled public folder object
that is stored in AD
Administrative rights enables you to assign administrative permission to administrator to run
administrative utilities
12. Which services control the Public folder replication process?
Exchange Information Store service is the primary mechanism used for public folderreplication Recipient update service controls the recipient replication process
Note: Although the Exchange Information Store service is the primary mechanism used for public folder
replication, it is not the only mechanism at work. Active Directory uses a replication method of its own to
keep domain controllers synchronized with each other. This replication occurs at the Windows operating
system level and is completely independent of Exchange Server. Active Directory replication occurs even if
Exchange Server is not installed on the forest
13. Which processes are involved in Public Folder Replication?
Exchange Information Store service is the primary mechanism used for public folder replication; it is not theonly mechanism at work. Active Directory uses a replication method of its own to keep domain controllers
synchronized with each other. This replication occurs at the Windows operating system level and is
completely independent of Exchange Server. Active Directory replication occurs even if Exchange Server is
not installed on the forest
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14. How to create the General Purpose Public folder tree?
You can have as many General Purpose Public Folder tree as necessary though you must associate the
public folder tree with the public folder store in order to use it
First you have to create a public folder tree using exchange system manger
Second you have to create a public folder store
Third you have to associate the store with the public folder tree.
15. How to create a full-text indexing on a public folder?
Expand the First administrative Group, navigate through server, first
16. What is the use of public store policy?
Storage limits and public folder replication settings can be configured through public store policy, through
and individual public store, or through individual public folders
17. What is public folder referral?
When a user connects to a public folder store and the store does not contain the copy of the contentment
the user is requesting exchange server 2003 automatically redirects the user to the server where theoriginal content resides. This is known as Public folder referral. Usually the public folder referrals with takes
place within the routing groups
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-8
1. What is Front-end Server?
A Front-End server is a Microsoft Exchange server 2003 configuration where servers are used for
authentication and fault tolerance.
2. What is Back-end Server?
A Back-End server is a Microsoft Exchange server 2003 configuration where servers are used to hold the
users data. There is no special configuration to designate a server as a Backend server.
3. What are the advantages of Front End and Backend architecture?
1. Unified Name Space can have single name space for multiple exchange servers
2. Reduced over head for SSL
3. Firewall place the Back-end behind the firewall and allow only traffic from frontend
4. How to increase security of the communications between your front- and back-end Exchange
servers?
We can increase the security of communication between your frontend and Back-end Exchange Server by
placing the Backend behind the firewall and allow only traffic from Front End
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5. Which services must be disabled to increase the security of front-end servers?
Recipient Update services, offline address lists, the mailbox management service, and the free busy
services are not supported on front end server
6. Which server can be used in place of a front-end server?
ISA server can be used in place of a Front End Server
7. Which is the best clustering Technology for frontend and backend server?
Front-end best work with Network load balancing and Backend best works with the cluster services
8. How to configure Exchange Server 2003 to run as a front end server?
In the Exchange server, remove the Recipient update service and default offline Address list. On the server
container right click the server which you want to designate as a Front end server and go to properties and
designate the server by selecting this is a front end server. Click ok and finish
9. Does Exchange Server 2003 front-end server support Exchange 2000 back-end server?
Yes, Exchange Server 2003 front-end server support Exchange 2000 back-end server
10. Does Exchange 2000 front-end server support an Exchange Server 2003 back-end server?
Exchange 2000 Server can be used only as a back-end server in a front-end and back-end configuration.
However, Exchange 2000 Enterprise Server can be used as a front-end server or a back-end server in a
front-end and back-end configuration
11. What all ports are required by front-end server to communicate with back-end servers?
443 for HTTPS
993 for SSL-enabled IMAP
995 for SSL-enabled POP
25 for SMTP (including TLS)
12. What are the steps involved in troubleshooting front-end and back-end servers?
1. Make sure that all the appropriate services are started on the front-end and back-end servers. This
includes the relevant Exchange services in addition to the World Wide Web Publishing service and SMTP
service,
2. If you have a perimeter network, make sure that the appropriate ports are opened
3. Ensure that the front-end server can successfully connect to the global catalog servers and DNS server.
4. If you cannot connect to the back-end server from the front-end server using the hostname with any
protocol, try to use the IP address. If this works, verify that you can connect to the DNS server the front-end
server is using. Also verify that the name to IP mapping is correct in DNS.
5. If the front-end server is configured with the list of domain controllers and global catalog servers in the
registry, verify that the front-end can reach each of those servers exactly as specified in the registry entry.
6. Make sure that the combination of IP address and host header is unique for each virtual server.
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7. If you have a load balancing solution for the front-end servers, make sure that the shared IP can be
reached from client computers.
8. Administration: If you want to use Exchange System Manager, ensure that the System Attendant service
is running. Also recall that you cannot use the Internet Services Manager after deleting the stores on the
front-end server.
9. If users complain that the state of read and unread messages in public folders fluctuates, consider the
following:
Was a back-end public folder server added or removed?
Is authentication enabled on the front-end?
Are any back-ends that host the folder down?
13. Which port is used by front-end server to communicate with back-end server?
All communication between the Front-end and Back-end server are TCP port 80, regardless of the port used
for communication between the client computer and the front end server
14. What needs to be created on Exchange front-end server for SMTP access to the Exchange
organization?
SMTP must be available on the front-end server to allow POP and IMAP clients to submit e-mail messages.
You can install SMTP on the front-end server or set up a separate SMTP server. To install SMTP on the front-
end server, configure SMTP for internal and external domains
Mail for Internal Domains
For the front-end server to accept mail that is inbound from the Internet, the front-end server needs to
know the domains for which it should accept mail. Adding recipient policies for each of your domains tells
all servers in the Exchange organization to accept mail for those domains. Additionally, you must enable
anonymous access for other SMTP servers on the Internet to successfully route mail to your organization
(this is the default setting).
Mail for External Domains
In the default configuration, any SMTP mail that is submitted to your server and addressed to external
domains is denied. This occurs because relaying is turned off for all anonymous access (however,
authenticated users can still send e-mail to any external domain). Users who try to anonymously submit e-
mail to external domains receive an error, such as "550 5.7.1 Unable to relay for [email protected]." The
clients must be configured to use SMTP authentication.
15. What are the important Services that should run on Frontend server?
It depends on the services that we want the frontend server to function
WWW
POP3
Exchange system attend
Exchange Information store
IMAP4
16. What is Smart Host?
A Smart host is a common term for a server that accepts outbound mail and passes it on to a recipient
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Smart host are used to connect Exchange Server to an external messaging system. Typical use of a smart
host involves relaying outbound SMTP email to a Non-Exchange SMTP host in perimeter networks, or to ISP
or hosted service that may offer functionality like mail relaying and spam and virus scanning
17. What are the considerations for deploying front end and backend server?
Do not cluster Frontend servers
One front-end server is reasonable for every four back-end servers. However, this number is
provided only as a suggested ratio and starting point Load balancing is suitable for front end servers
Encrypt the communication between Frontend and Backend by IPSec
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-9
1. What are the tools to monitor Exchange Server 2003?
Following are the Tools to Monitor Exchange Server 2003
Event Viewer Exchange Specific events are logged in application logs
Performance Monitor - view real-time Exchange server statistics Exchange System Manager enable Protocol logging for virtual server instance
Message Tracking center view the message flow
Monitoring and status tool monitor servers and connectors
Message queue viewer view messages waiting to be delivered
MBSA analyze security settings
2. What is the tool to diagnose queue problems?
Queue viewer is the Tool to diagnose queue problems. The queue viewer shows the protocol, queue state,
and the number of messages in the queue.
3. Where is Queue viewer located?
Queue viewer located at the Server container, following figure shows the diagram
4. What are the types of logs provided in the Event Viewer?
Application Log - events logged by applications or programs
System Log - events logged by the Windows operating system components
Security log - security events such as valid and invalid logon attempts
Directory Service log - Server directory service logs events
File replication service log logs replication of files
DNS Server service log - events related to the Domain Name System (DNS) Server service
5. What are the types of Events?
Error - significant problem, such as loss of data or loss of functionality
Warning - not necessarily significant, but may indicate a possible future problem
Information - event that describes the successful operation of an application, driver, or service
Success Audit - audited security access attempt that succeeds
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Failure Audit - audited security access attempt that fails
6. What are the types of events for Security log?
The Security log can record security events such as valid and invalid logon attempts as well as events
related to resource use, such as creating, opening, or deleting files. An administrator can specify what
events are recorded in the Security log.
7. Where are Exchange Monitors located?
Following figure shows the location of Exchange Monitor
8. Which additional items can be added for monitoring in Exchange Monitors?
We can configure Notifications and also we can see the status of the exchange servers that are running
by using the Monitoring and status tool
9. Where is Exchange Notification located?
Exchange Notifications are located at Monitoring and Status tool on the Tools container in Exchange System
Manager
10. What are the types of notifications?
Two types of Notification we can configure, they are
E-Mail Notification
Script Notification
11. What is Exchange Diagnostics logging?
Enable diagnostic logging for a server in Exchange System Manager to send Exchange event information to
the Event Viewer.
Enable diagnostic logging to log events related to authentication, connections, and client actions.
When troubleshooting, activate the category specific to the problem at a medium or maximum level.
Use Event Viewer to view the logged information.
Disable logging when not needed to improve performance and reduce the amount of information sent to
the Event Viewer
12. How to configure the Exchange Diagnostics logging?
1. Open Exchange System Manager.
2. Locate the Exchange server that you want to configure.3. Right click the Exchange server and select Properties from the shortcut menu.
4. Click the Diagnostics Logging tab.
5. In the Services area of the tab, click service.
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6. Select the appropriate entry in the Category area of the tab.
13. What are the four levels of logging available in Exchange Diagnostics Logging?
None - only critical events and error events are recorded.
Minimum - one entry is logged for each key task performed by the service.
Medium- for each action needed to execute a task, entries are logged.
Maximum - entries are logged for each line of code. The Maximum logging level should be enabled
only when you need comprehensive debugging information. This is due to the impact this logging level
has on server performance.
14. Where is System Monitor located?
System Monitor: The System Monitor utility is the main tool for monitoring system performance. System
Monitor can track various processes on your Windows system in real time. The utility uses a graphical
display that you can use to view current, or log data. You can determine resource usage by monitoring
trends. System Monitor can be displayed in a graph, histogram, or report format. System Monitor uses
objects, counters and instances to monitor the system.
Located in Performance Monitor on Administrative Tools container
15. What are the Useful Memory Counters to Monitor in System Monitor?
Pages/sec
Page faults/sec
Page inputs/sec
Page outputs/sec
Write copies/sec
16. What are the Useful Processor Counters to Monitor in System Monitor?
Process total
Process Interrupt
%Idle Time
% user Time
17. What are Performance logs and alerts?
Performance Logs and Alerts: By using the Performance Logs And Alerts tool included in the Performance
console, you can track the performance of the server by creating counter logs, trace logs, and defining
alerts.
Counter Logs: Counter logs collect data on the selected counters once a predefined interval has passed.
A few features of counter logs are listed below:
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Collect performance data on the activities of system services.
Collect performance data on hardware usage.
Manually log data.
Trace Logs: Trace logs differ to counter logs in that trace logs monitors data constantly and then records
performance data when a specific event occurs. The collected data is written to a trace log file.
Alerts: You can configure alerts to be generated when a predefined counter reaches, exceeds or falls
beneath a defined threshold or value. When you configure alerts, you can specify that the following actions
occur when an alert condition is met:
18. What is the use of Nslookup?
NSLookup is to Query a DNS domain name server to lookup and find IP address information of computers in
the internet, like MX record details
19. What is the command to locate a SMTP server for a particular domain or to determine if the
MX records have been configured properly in DNS
To verify this use the below commands
NSLOOKUP
Set q =MX
20. How to identify if the problem is with smart host or exchange server?
Smart host are used to relay the mails outside of your exchange organization, if any problem in sending
mails outside and we can send mails within the organization then there is problem with smart host.
21. What could be the problem if incoming mail queue is becoming unmanageably large?
A large number of SMTP queues may indicate that there is either a denial of service attack, a lot of spam
that is leaving the server, or an Internet connection that may be down.
22. What are the counters to diagnose whether a global catalog server is the cause of a
lengthening incoming mail queue?
MSExchangeDSAccess Processes is the counters to diagnose whether a global catalog server is the
cause of a lengthening incoming mail queue
23. What is command to run dcdiag from another member server to check domain controllerdiagnosis?
Dcdiag /test:DNS /s:TargetDCName /v /f:LogFileName
24. Which tests are performed by dcdiag?
DNS: Checks the health of Domain Name System (DNS) settings for the enterprise.
CheckSecurityError: Locates security errors or errors that might be related to security problems, and
performs initial diagnosis of the problems.
25. What is ISinteg ?
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Isinteg is a command-line tool that analyzes and makes some repairs to the Exchange databases.
Use Isinteg for problems similar to the following:
Users are continuously connecting to their mailboxes and keep getting disconnected.
Users report corruption within their mailboxes.
Users report error messages that are associated with the database not being able to be mounted.
26. What is ESutil ?
Eseutil is more powerful than Isinteg for repairing problems in the database. When using Eseutil:
Dismount the stores you want to analyze. The Information Store must still be running.
Common options with Eseutil include:
/d to perform an offline defragmentation.
/r to perform a database recovery.
/g to check database integrity.
/p to repair a database.27. What is the use of Ping?
You can use the Ping command to perform several useful Internet network diagnostic tests, such as the
following
Access - You can use Ping to see if you can reach another computer
Distance & Time - You can use the Ping command to determine how long it takes to bounce a packet off
of another site, which tells you its Internet distance in network terms
Domain IP Address - You can use the Ping command to probe either a domain name or an IP address. If
you ping a domain name, it helpfully displays the corresponding IP address in the response.
28. What is the use of Tracert?
Trace route command determine how packets are travel between your computer and the destination. Trace
provides a quick response
29. What is the use of Pathping?
Path PING its same as that of trace route which determine how packets travel between your computer andthe destination. Path ping provides a more detailed and reliable analysis of network performance.
30. What is the use of Telnet?
Telnet is a program to let you login to another computer on the Internet in order to use typed commands
31. Which tests are performed by netdiag?
Gathers static network information and tests the network driver, protocol driver, send/receive capability,
and well-known target accessibility.
Can be used by network administrators in conjunction with the Scheduler Service, to generate reports at
regularly scheduled intervals
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32. Which switch is used with netdiag to display only errors and warnings?
To run the tool, you must
Open a command prompt, change to the folder containing the extracted files and run the tool from
there.
All these diagnostic tools run from a command prompt,
you can't just double-click them.
Netdiag /q show the quiet output (error and warnings only)
33. How to install the Network Monitor tool?
To install the Windows version of Network Monitor,
1. Open the Control Panel and select the Add / Remove Programs option. Next, click the Add / Remove
Windows Components button to launch the Windows Components wizard.
2. Scroll through the list of components until you locate the Management and Monitoring Tools option.
3. Select the Management and Monitoring Tools option and click the Details button.
4. Select the Network Monitor Tools option and click Next.5. Windows will now begin the installation process.
6. You may be prompted to insert your Windows installation CD.
7. Click Finish to complete the installation process.
34. What is the use of Network Monitor?
It allows you to monitor any machine on your network and to determine which users are consuming the
most bandwidth. You can also use the SMS version of Network Monitor to determine which protocols are
using the most bandwidth on the network, locate network routers, and resolve device names into MAC
addresses.
Ability to capture, edit, and retransmit a packet. This functionality is used by hackers when performing areplay attack.
35. What is DcDiag?
DCDiag command-line tool analyzes the state of domain controllers in a forest or enterprise and reports any
problems to assist in troubleshooting
36. What is NetDiag?
This is a command-line diagnostic tool helps to isolate networking and connectivity problems by performinga series of tests to determine the state of your network client. These tests and the key network status
information they expose give network administrators and support personnel a more direct means of
identifying and isolating network problems. Moreover, because this tool does not require parameters or
switches to be specified, support personnel and network administrators can focus on analyzing the output
rather than on training users how to use the tool.
Exchange Server 2003 Interview Q&A Part-10
1. Name some Exchange Server 2003 clients
Outlook 2000/2003
Outlook Web Access.
Outlook Mobile Access.
RPC over Http/Https.
2. What is Outlook Web Access (OWA)?
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Outlook Web Access 2003 (known as OWA 2003) allows you to gain access to your messages, calendars,
contacts, tasks and public folders from any computer with internet access. OWA 2003 has many added
features which allow for improved performance, better security and a fresh new look.
3. How to access OWA?
Open your browser and type in the following address:
https://DomainName/exchange
4. How OWA works?
1. The client issues a HTTP request using browser using URL.
2. The DNS resolves the request and forward to the IIS server.
3. The HTTP request flows across the network to the IIS server.
4. Exchange registers itself with IIS as a valid application, so when a request is received byHTTP client
IIS redirect the request to application. Davex.dll is an ISAPI extension thatincludes the functions
necessary to communicate with the Store. Exchange also registersDavex.dll with IIS as the
component to handle all incoming requests for the Exchange application.
5. Davex.dll checks the request and contacts the Store through the epoxy inter process communication
channel. Communication goes to the HTTP epoxy stub. Eproxy does notuse RPC.
6. The HTTP epoxy stub communicates with Store using exoledb.dll to get the necessary information
from the Store.
7. After getting information from Store the reverse path is followed and client gets itsmailbox on
browser.
5. What are the limitations of OWA?
We cant access offline address list
A lot of attachments have to be saved to the local drive first, in order to be able to open them.
Adding recipients when sending an E-mail is a pain. You cannot work offline.
6. What is RPC over HTTP?
The RPC over HTTP protocol allows your full Outlook 2003 MAPI clients to connect to Exchange 2003
Servers using HTTP/HTTPS. This solves the problem remote Outlook 2003 users have when located behind
restrictive firewalls.
By using RPC over HTTP, users no longer have to use a virtual private network (VPN) connection to connect
to Exchange mailboxes. Users who are running Outlook 2003 on client computers can connect to an
Exchange server in a corporate environment from the Internet. The Windows RPC over HTTP feature
enables an RPC client such as Outlook 2003 to establish connections across the Internet by tunneling theRPC traffic over HTTP.
7. What are the requirements to use RPC over HTTP?
Server Requirement
RPC over HTTP/S requires Windows Server 2003 and Exchange Server 2003. RPC over HTTP/S also requires
Windows Server 2003 in a Global Catalog role.
Client Requirement
The client computer must be running Microsoft Windows XP Professional Service Pack 1 (SP1) or later.
The client computer must be running Microsoft Office Outlook 2003.
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8. What is the procedure to configure RPC over HTTP?
Verify that your server computer and your client computer meet the requirements to use RPC over HTTP/S.
Configure Exchange to use RPC over HTTP/S.
Configure the RPC virtual directory in Internet Information Services.
Configure the RPC proxy server to use specific ports.
Configure your client computers to use RPC over HTTP/S
9. Why you must create an additional Outlook profile for RPC over HTTP connections?
For users to use RPC over HTTP from their client computer, they must create an outlook profile that uses
the required RPC over HTTP settings. These settings enable SSL communication with Basic Authentication,
which is required when using RPC over HTTP
10. How to prepare an Exchange Server 2003 computer to support RPC over HTTP?
Configure Exchange to use RPC over HTTPS.
Configure the RPC virtual directory in Internet Information Services.
Configure the RPC proxy server to use specific ports.
11. What is Exchange recipient?
In Exchange, the term recipient refers to an Active Directory object that is mailbox-enabled or mail-enabled.
Mailbox-enabled recipients can send, receive, and store messages. Mail-enabled recipients can only receive
messages.
12. What are the types of Exchange recipient objects?
1. Mailbox-enabled recipients
2. Mail-enabled
3. Contacts
4. Resource mailbox
13. What is a mailbox-enabled object?
Users can log on to networks and access domain resources. Users can be added to groups and appear in
the global address list (GAL).
Mailbox-enabled users can send and receive messages and store messages on their Exchange server.
14. What is mail-enabled object?
Mail-enabled users can receive messages at an external e-mail address only. They cannot send or store
messages on Exchange.
15. What is Encryption?
Encryption refers to algorithmic schemes that encode plain text into non-readable form or cyphertext,
providing privacy. The receiver of the encrypted text uses a "key" to decrypt the message, returning it to
its original plain text form. The key is the trigger mechanism to the algorithm.
16. What is the purpose of Digital Signatures?
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Digital signatures are used to digitally sign the messages and encrypt them. Digital signatures provide
authentication, non repudiation and data integrity. Encryption keeps message contents confidential
17. How to verify that S/MIME is supported by mailbox store so that users are able to store
encrypted or digitally signed messages?
1. Click Start, point to All Programs, point to Microsoft Exchange, and then click System Manager.
2. Click Administrative Groups,
3. Click Administrative Group,4. Click Servers, click servername,
5. Click Storage Group,
6. Right click either the Mailbox Storeor the Public Folder Store, and then click Properties.
7. On the properties page, verify that the Clients support S/MIME signatures check box is selected.
18. What is the use of Key Recovery Agent?
We need to enable a Key Recovery Agent. A Key Recovery Agent is a highly trusted person which is
responsible for recovering lost or damaged archived certificates for users.
We must issue a Key Recovery Agent certificate for this user. To do this:
1. Start the Windows 2003 CA console
2. Issue a new template named Key Recovery Agent
3. Request this certificate for the user who becomes the Key Recovery Agent
4. Manually Issue the Key Recovery Agent Certificate at the CA
19. How to configure Outlook to enable Digital Signatures and Encryption?
Click Start, point to All Programs, point to Microsoft Office, and then click Microsoft Office Outlook
2003.
Click Tools, and then click Options.
Click on the Security tab and click Settings.
Outlook populates the Change Security Settings dialog box with default information. Click OKto accept
the defaults.
20. What are the components of PKI?
Certification Authorities - Provide services that authenticate the identity of individuals, computers, and
other entities in a network. This encompasses both root certification authorities and subordinate
authorities.