experiment 4 - structural analysis 1 lab report

8/9/2019 Experiment 4 - Structural Analysis 1 lab report

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OBJECTIVE

The objective due to experiment of reaction of a continuous beam is ;-

1) To determine the reaction of a two-span continuous beam.2) To determine either by doing an experiment or by using a formula will get

more accurate answer.) To understand the concept of continuous beam.!) To finish by the time frame given.") To memorise the formula given.

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INTRODUCTION

# continuous beam is a statically indeterminate multi span beam on hinged

support. The end spans may be cantilever$ may be freely supported or fixed

supported. #t least one of the supports of a continuous beam must be able to

develop a reaction along the beam axis.

The statically determinate primary system may be obtained by elimination of

constraints considered as redundant. The most intuitive primary system is a simply

supported beam$ obtained by elimination of internal supports and elimination the

constraint developing bending moment in the first fixed support. The most effective

primary system for continuous beam is proposed by %lapeyron. &is primary statically

determinate system is obtained by elimination of the constraints which prevent

mutual rotation of two neighbouring sections over the supports.

'hen all the moments of the supports are (nown$ one may proceed with the

determination of bending moments within the spans$ the shear forces and reactions

developed at each support. These computations will be carried out assuming that

each span is a simply supported beam and it acted upon both by the applied loads

and the moments of the supports just determined.

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SAFETY PRECAUTION

#ll this had been applied when carry out this experiment ;-

1) 'earing a safety outfit when entering lab li(e wearing a lab outfit and safety

boots.2) ollow all the lab rules.) 4o not play when doing an experiment.!) ollow the procedure of experiment.") /epeat the procedures to avoid error.5) /ead the meter two to three times to avoid error.

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PROCEDURES

1) The unit been warmed up by switched on the display unit.2) 3y using the plate and bolt supplied with the apparatus and at predetermine

distance between the support$ reaction piers was clamped to the support

frame.) 3eam specimen was placed between the two cylindrical pieces of each

support. Two screw at the top of each support been tightened by using

fingers.!) 6oad hanger was fixed to the position where the beam is to be loaded.") 4isplay unit by connected the load cell from the support pier$ each load call

occupying one terminal on the display.5) /ecorded the initial reading for each channel was started with channel one.7) laced a suitable load on the load hanger and the reading was noted for each

load cell. This represents the reaction at each pier.8) 6oad on the load hanger was increased at suitable increments and for anch

increment the pier reaction been recorded.

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RESULT

(Theory Method)

6eft 9 &and span of beam$ 66 : " mm

/ight 9 &and span of the beam$ 6/ : 1 mm

4istance of load from left 9 hand support$


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6eft 9 &and span of beam$ 66 : " mm

/ight 9 &and span of the beam$ 6/ : 1 mm

4istance of load from left 9 hand support$


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A) Positio %d Dire&tio o' $o%d 'or the e%"

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B) Re%&tio %t the S#**ort

Types of support.

in upport

-- upport that have 2 reactions from left

or right and from up or down.

-- +xample >- /ay and /ax.

ix upport

-- upport that have reactions.

-- 1 from right or left.

-- 1 from up or down.

-- 1 is the moment.

-- +xample >- /ay $ /ax and *a.

• /oller upport

-- upport that have just one direction

that is from up or down.

-- +xample >- /ay.

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C) +r%*h o' Re%&tio A!%ist Lo%d

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SAMPLE OF CALCULATION

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DISCUSSION

rom this experiment$ what would need to be discussed is an error that was

appeared to the meter that detects load reading. There is a ?ero error on support of

left 9 hand$ - 8." errors on middle- hand and 18. errors on right 9 hand. This

error must cause of mechanical problem of that e@uipment itself.

ext$ there is also a bit different between the readings were read by the

device and the reading that was obtain by using a formula. This thing might happen

because of an error that was obtained before or mista(enly of calculation using a

formula.

6astly$ even (now there is a big different of result between the theoretical and

experiment$ but the e@uipment still can be use because of there is just a slight

different of deflection between this both method. t was .7 deflections on theoretical

and .58 on experiment.

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CONCLUSION

#s the conclusion$ the objective to determine the reaction of a two-span

continuous beam was successfully achieved. ot just that$ now all of us understand

about continuous beam more that before.

1) f the material of the beam is changed from steel to aluminium$ how does this

affect the support reactionA Bive reasons for your answer.- f the beam material changed from aluminium to steel$ beams will become

stronger as aluminium beams usually used for structural applications.

#luminium 551-T5 has above average corrosion resistance$ mach inability$

and excellent for welding. This application is great for reducing the cost of

damage to the beams of the building.

2) f a thinner beam is used$ how does this affect the support reactionA Bive

reasons for your answer.- f a thin beam is used$ the effect of an adverse reaction will occur on the

support. This will cause the beam to become brittle and will be easily

collapsed the building. This will re@uire the high cost of repairing the collapsed

beams. ,therwise it will endanger the lives of users if the building is built is

not safe to use.

) &ow does the experimental reactions compare with the theoretical.

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!) tate the possible factors that might have influenced your results and possible

means of overcoming it.

- The reason that influenced the result might be because of the error that already

there at the apparatus or might be because of the load that been use is little too

old and had loss it weight.

- This thing can be avoid by using the apparatus that had been maintained or

been set the value to . The load also need to be replace to the new one.

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APPENDI,

experiment 4 - structural analysis 1 lab report

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