The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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• Explore how English traditions influenced the development of colonial governments.

• Analyze the economic relationship between England and its colonies.

• Describe the influence of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening on the 13 colonies.

Objectives

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

Section 2

Terms and People

• Magna Carta – 1215 document that limited the king’s ability to tax English nobles and that guaranteed due process and a right to trial

• Parliament – English lawmaking body

• English Bill of Rights – 1689 document guaranteeing a number of freedoms

• habeas corpus – idea that no one could be held in prison without being charged with a specific crime

• salutary neglect – a policy in which England allowed its colonies self-rule

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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• mercantilism – economic policy under which a nation accumulates wealth by exporting more goods than it imports

• Navigation Acts – a series of trade laws enacted by Parliament in the mid-1600s

• Enlightenment – European intellectual movement during the 1600s and 1700s

• Benjamin Franklin – American colonist inspired by the Enlightenment, he was a printer, author, scientist, and inventor

Terms and People (continued)

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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• Great Awakening – a religious movement that occurred in the colonies in the mid-1700s

Terms and People (continued)

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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How did English ideas about government and the economy influence life in the 13 colonies?

The relationship between England and the American colonies was economically and culturally close.

But in the 1700s, the distant colonies started to form their own ideas about their government and economy.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

Section 2

The English had a long governmental tradition.

Magna Carta

Parliament

Glorious Revolution

In 1215, English nobles made King John accept a limitation to his taxation and guaranteed the right to a trial.

A two-house legislature composed of the House of Lords, an inherited position, and the House of Commons, elected by men with property.

The English overthrew King James and installed William and Mary, who granted the English Bill of Rights.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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The colonists believed that the English Bill of Rights applied to them, even though they lived in the colonies.

At the same time, the colonies enjoyed a long period of self-government and individual liberties.

Colonists were English subjects and self-ruling.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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The laws successfully regulated colonial trade to create great wealth and power for England in the 1600s.

The English Parliament passed trade laws called the Navigation Acts.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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In exchange, the colonies bought manufactured goods from England.

The cloth for this dress was produced in England

English mercantilism meant the colonies exported raw materials only to England.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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The new ideas of the Enlightenment in the 1600s and 1700s influenced Americans.

• Exposed colonists to new ways of thinking such as scientific reasoning and applying natural laws to government.

• People believed that human reason could solve issues.

• Colonial leader Benjamin Franklin was greatlyinspired by the ideas of the Enlightenment.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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In the colonies, the development of democracy was influenced by:

• the English parliamentary tradition.

• the colonies having a long period of self-rule.

• the new ideas of the European Enlightenment.

• the Judeo-Christian religious influence on colonial people.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

Section 2

Religion played an important part in colonial life:

• Many colonists had immigrated for religious reasons.

• Churches played a social role in colonial life.

• Churches served as public places for reading government proclamations, holding elections, and posting new laws.

The Cold War BeginsThe American Colonies and England

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George Whitefield was a popular preacher in the colonies who helped launch a new religious movement called the Great Awakening.

• Preachers traveled through the colonies and preached powerful, emotion-packed sermons.

• Many people left their old established churches, joined the movement, and started new churches.

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Section 2

Participants in the Great Awakening came to realize that if they can select their own religion, they can also select their own government.

The Great Awakening gave rise to a changed political awareness.